God is omniscient; he has total knowledge.
Before the foundation of the world, God foreknew the people he found still faithful to his commandments at the time of their death. Revelation 2:10
Foreknew is a word used by God to indicate only the people who are still
righteous at the
time of their death.
God will claim that he
does not know the
unrighteous people at the time of their death. (
Luke 13:25-27) He will even claim that
he never knew them.
Matthew 7:20-23,
Ezekiel 33:10-20
The people who God foreknew to be faithful until death, he
predestined these people to eternal life. These people are the people he called, justified, and glorified.
Before the foundation of the world, God did not arbitrarily predestine some people to heaven, and he did not arbitrarily condemn other people to hell.
John 5:28-29 Do not be amazed at this, because the hour is coming in which all who are in the tombs will hear his voice 29 and will come out, those who have done good deeds to the resurrection of life, but those who have done wicked deeds to the resurrection of condemnation.
In Revelation chapter 2, John contrasts those who overcome (true believers) with those who do not. The overcomer remains faithful to their last breath as opposed to the liars, idolaters, cowards, and others. He is encouraging them to remain faithful as that church has for over 40 years. He does not warn them that if they don't they will lose their salvation. This is a word of encouragement, not a warning to losing salvation.
I have commented before that while salvation is by faith alone (and not works lest no man should boast), works are the fruit, or evidence, of our salvation and the easiest way for us to test ourselves. Those saved start a process of sanctification and works that God has prepared beforehand for them to walk in. True believers produce good fruit and their lives will be characterized by it. False believers will not. Our passage to heaven is not based on whether or not we do good deeds. We
will have good deeds if we are true believers. God saves us by faith alone, but that faith is never alone. It produces the fruit of good works.
You suggest God would be acting abitrarily if He predestined some, not all, based on His good will and pleasure and not based on a foreknowledge of their future works. First, all would agree God has foreknowledge but how? Does God simply "peek ahead", see what we choices we make, and then predstines us accordingly? That would not be predstination. If something is going to happen anyhow, without God's intervening, then how is that predestination? It is not. That would be simple foreknowledge.
29
For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren; 30 and these whom He predestined, He also called; and these whom He called, He also justified; and these whom He justified, He also glorified. (Romans 8)
You wouldn't need the word "predestined" in that passage in that case. It would read "These whom he foreknew, He also called; and these whom He called, He also justified, and these whom He justified, He also glorified."
Your understanding would require inserting the word "some" into this famous passage. It would read like this:
"For those whom He foreknew, some He also predestined...." Some would be called. Some would be justified. Some would be glorified. It does not read, "For those whom He foreknew would receive the Gospel and lead faithful, repentent lives to the end, ..."
God foreknows because God forordains. In your view, God really doesn't have control over who believes and endures and who does not. He can look ahead in time and see our choices but He has no control over them. How can a sovereign God not have complete control over everything? How can we count on any of God's promises if He is not in complete control? You say if He actively choses some, and not others, He is being arbitrary (and by inference, unfair).
19You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For who resists His will?” 20On the contrary, who are you, O man, who answers back to God? The thing molded will not say to the molder, “Why did you make me like this,” will it? 21Or does not the potter have a right over the clay, to make from the same lump one vessel for honorable use and another for common use? 22What if God, although willing to demonstrate His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction? 23And He did so to make known the riches of His glory upon vessels of mercy, which He prepared beforehand for glory, 24even us, whom He also called, not from among Jews only, but also from among Gentiles. (Romans 9)
Paul has answered you. "...who are you, O man, who answers back to God." Does God not have the right to do as He pleases? Are we not all guilty before the righteous, holy standard of God? Are any of us worthy of foregiveness and salvation? Do you think God capable of being unfair? If we all deserve hell, then chosing some for salvation is an act of mercy. Mercy means "unmerited favor." It would not be mercy if God chose those who would lead righteous lives on their own. We are born unrighteous and incapable of pleasing God. He has to predestine some, save them, regenerate them, and cause them to lead good lives. If He did not, no one would be saved. The above passage says that the "vessels of wrath" were "prepared for destruction" and the "vessels of mercy", "He prepared beforehand for glody." That is predestination. It is making a decision then making that decision happen.
Do not confuse statements with warnings or warnings to unbelievers or tares in the church, with threats of losing one's salvation God back to the list of verses I posted on how our salvation has been sealed, protected, and preserved. Praise God!