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Jesus' ministry after resurrection until ascension: A harmonized chronology
The descriptions in the gospels were rather confusing. This is my attempt to harmonize.
After the resurrection morning, Jesus met two disciples in Lk 24:
Jn 20:
Some days later, Jesus appeared to 7 disciples by the Sea of Galilee (Jn 21:2). They were fishing:
Jesus ascended to heaven from Mount Olivet (Ac 1:12) near Bethany. Lk 24:
From resurrection to ascension was about 40 days (Ac 1:3).
Chronology:
The descriptions in the gospels were rather confusing. This is my attempt to harmonize.
After the resurrection morning, Jesus met two disciples in Lk 24:
After spending some hours with them,13 That very day two of them [M2] were going to a village named Emmaus, about seven miles from Jerusalem.
M2 decided to go back to Jerusalem to report to the Peter et al:29 they urged him strongly, saying, “Stay with us, for it is toward evening and the day is now far spent.” So he went in to stay with them. 30 When he was at table with them, he took the bread and blessed and broke it and gave it to them. 31 And their eyes were opened, and they recognized him. And he vanished from their sight.
Thomas wasn't there (Jn 20:24).36 As they were talking about these things, Jesus himself stood among them, and said to them, “Peace to you!” 37 But they were startled and frightened and thought they saw a spirit.
Jn 20:
Some days later, 1Co 15:26 Eight days later, his disciples were inside again, and Thomas was with them. Although the doors were locked, Jesus came and stood among them and said, “Peace be with you.”
More days later, Jesus told his disciples the great commission in Mt 28:6a He appeared to over five hundred brethren at one time.
Galilee was 80 miles from Jerusalem, a 3-day walk.16 Now the eleven disciples went into Galilee, to the mountain which Jesus had appointed for them to meet Him. 17 When they saw Him, they worshiped Him, but some doubted. 18 Then Jesus came to them and said, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to Me. 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, 20 and teaching them to obey all that I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, even to the end of the age.”
Some days later, Jesus appeared to 7 disciples by the Sea of Galilee (Jn 21:2). They were fishing:
Another day, he appeared to James, his genetic half-brother (1Co 15:7).6 He said to them, “Cast the net on the right side of the boat, and you will find some.” So they cast it, and now they were not able to haul it in, because of the quantity of fish. 7 That disciple whom Jesus loved therefore said to Peter, “It is the Lord!”.
Jesus ascended to heaven from Mount Olivet (Ac 1:12) near Bethany. Lk 24:
Bethany was 2 miles from Jerusalem.50 He led them out as far as Bethany, and lifting up his hands he blessed them. 51 While he blessed them, he parted from them and was carried up into heaven.
From resurrection to ascension was about 40 days (Ac 1:3).
Chronology:
- Resurrection morning at the tomb and in Jerusalem.
- In the afternoon, Jesus broke bread with two disciples at Emmaus, 7 miles from Jerusalem.
- In the evening, he appeared to Peter et al in Jerusalem. Thomas wasn't there.
- 8 days later, he showed up again to his disciples. Thomas was there.
- Some days later, over 500 brethren saw him in one gathering.
- Some days later, the eleven met him at a mountain in Galilee, 80 miles from Jerusalem. He told them the great commission.
- Some days later, he showed up while they were fishing in the Sea of Galilee.
- Another day, he appeared to James, his half-brother.
- About 40 days after resurrection, he ascended to heaven from Mount Olivet, 2 miles from Jerusalem.