This may seem out of place on the eschatology forum, but this has come up and there's disagreement over the fulfillment of the New Covenant. This does inform our view of eschatology, so that is why I'm bringing it up here.
This is from the Greek Orthodox Study Bible. This was the understanding of the apostles and the early church:
This is from the Greek Orthodox Study Bible. This was the understanding of the apostles and the early church:
Quoting From the Orthodox Study Bible (Old Testament)
The Prophet Ezekiel prophesies a “covenant of peace” inaugurating a future era of peace and prosperity for Israel under the care of “one shepherd . . . My Servant David” (Ezk 34:20-21; see 37:15-28). Jeremiah and Ezekiel envision this “new covenant” (Jer 38:31-34; Ezk 36:22-28) to be based on the spiritual cleansing and renewal of men’s hearts. Isaiah foresees the new, “everlasting covenant” when God will gather all peoples to share in the blessings of Israel (Is 2:1-4; 49:6; 55:5; 60:1-6; see Jer 3:12-17; 4:1, 2; Ps 71:1-19).
The Prophet Ezekiel prophesies a “covenant of peace” inaugurating a future era of peace and prosperity for Israel under the care of “one shepherd . . . My Servant David” (Ezk 34:20-21; see 37:15-28). Jeremiah and Ezekiel envision this “new covenant” (Jer 38:31-34; Ezk 36:22-28) to be based on the spiritual cleansing and renewal of men’s hearts. Isaiah foresees the new, “everlasting covenant” when God will gather all peoples to share in the blessings of Israel (Is 2:1-4; 49:6; 55:5; 60:1-6; see Jer 3:12-17; 4:1, 2; Ps 71:1-19).
The New Testament (or New Covenant), prophesied by Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Isaiah, is inaugurated on earth by Jesus Christ, the “Son of David” (Mt 21:9-11; Mk 10:46-48), the one Shepherd (Jn 10:1-16, 25-28) who comes to gather all people to Himself in spiritual unity and who sends the Holy Spirit (Jn 15:26) on Pentecost to dwell in His followers. Jesus declares at the Last Supper, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood” (Lk 22:20), thus directly linking this new covenant with a covenant meal-the Eucharist. Calling Christ the “Mediator of a better covenant” (Heb 8:6), the Book of Hebrews dramatically demonstrated how He fulfills and supersedes the old covenant made with the Israelites (3:1-10:22).
"God's Covenant - St. Sophia Greek Orthodox Church Bellingham, Washington" God's Covenant
"God's Covenant - St. Sophia Greek Orthodox Church Bellingham, Washington" God's Covenant