To viruses, those without DNA must use a host with DNA to reproduce, correct ?
Well, in modern day, they have no choice, since all living cells have DNA. Realistically, there's no reason viruses need hosts that have DNA as their genetic material.
" All DNA exists for is to be transcribed". Thank you, that is my point. Transcribed for what reason ?
-_- because none of the processes in cells that produce proteins can do it directly from DNA, they have to use RNA intermediates. What translates the RNA into protein is other strands of RNA.
Because cellular "information" is communicated by chemical processes, that does;'t make it a lesser method than a computer using electricity for information distribution and direction. In fact it is infinitely more complicated.
-_- as complicated as the fact that molecules react predictably with each other, I suppose. Again, you were implying that they actually communicate, but they don't. RNA isn't given its properties by the DNA, its properties are the consequence of the chemical structure.
Also, more complicated doesn't mean more efficient, more intelligent, or more impressive. Cell processes are like a person needing a bigger house slapping on rooms haphazardly until something good enough exists. Yeah, it sure makes for a more complicated house than would normally be produced by a rationally thinking human being, but the house is inferior as a result, not superior.
Cellular functions would be way more efficient if the molecules actually organized themselves optimally. In reality, catalysts just move about mostly at random until their substrates come into contact with them. It'd be like turning a wood chipper on and filling the room it is in with wood until some eventually falls into the hole and becomes enough wood chips to satisfy demand, and then waiting for the extra, unchipped wood to just rot. It's horrifically inefficient and wasteful. Billions of years of evolution for the barely functioning hot mess that cells are.
Yes, it is all chemical reaction, but it is controlled chemical reaction, controlled by the transcribed "data" from the DNA, Correct ?
Nope. The RNA has entirely different properties from the DNA, and sections of it don't even get transcribed, which is why a single gene in DNA usually is used to produce around 3 different proteins in eukaryotes. Proteins and RNA control the transcription process itself, and in general, proteins and RNA are not particularly representative of the overall sequences used to make them.
Please, how and where is this information transcribed ? Thanks !
-_- transcription occurs in the nucleus, right on the DNA. RNA copies are produced by RNA nucleotides attaching to the DNA bases they are most chemically attracted to, which is why the system screws up so much. The only thing stopping the portions of DNA from being transcribed being totally random is that the catalysts are chemically unable to attach to locations without specific sequences. But every time DNA gets exposed for transcription, it does become more liable to be damaged.
The RNA and proteins that transcribe DNA are floating around everywhere in the nucleus such that when the DNA strands are exposed and separated, they'll collect together and start transcribing fairly quickly. They'll eventually reach a sequence of the DNA they cannot bind with and the whole thing falls apart, pulling the newly transcribed mRNA off of the DNA strand with it.
-_- then the mRNA has sections of it removed by proteins because it doesn't start out with the sequence that will result in the needed protein.
If those previous processes didn't screw up, the mRNA floats around and eventually leaves the nucleus, and is eventually translated into protein by a ribosome (with tRNA with attached amino acids being drawn in to make that amino acid chain) if it doesn't break down before it gets that far. The mRNA may be translated into protein multiple times before it inevitably breaks down. Sometimes the translation process also screws up and the malformed protein either falls apart, performs a subpar version of its function, or even does a bit of harm before it's broken down.
It might seem impossible for the system to rely on random molecular motion so much, but remember, a ridiculous amount of this crap exists within the cell. Sometimes proteins will transport the mRNA or another component to where they need to go faster, sometimes not, it varies.