Well I think we should tackle the proposition at hand, that Christ is not confirming the national law but changing it. We can certainly say for that which he mentions He is changing it, but as to that which He does not mention we would have to look at that line by line which is not necessary to the truth of the proposition. We should complete what we already discussing before adding to it.
We can't make conclusions on anything that He doesn't specifically mention. Like my analogy to murder, it doesn't work to broaden what He said to other topics. We may have to disagree on this. If He says nothing should change, and then mentions only a few things that should change, I would say that we should assume anything He doesn't mention shouldn't change. This would make His initial statement only a little less than accurate. But if what is meant that a lot of other things He doesn't mention should change, then His earlier statement is false and meaningless.
You will have to tell me why it means the same as the modern word. Because if I put this in an ANE + OT context I don't see any association with the modern word. I cannot reasonably assume the modern meaning for a 3,000 year old text by default because it's translated into English. The OT condemns involuntary servitude and slave trade with the punishment of death, so why would we assume that a peaceful city would be forced into slavery against the law whose punishment was death (
Exodus 21:16)? It doesn't make sense against the law and it doesn't make sense against a peaceful city. Would a city surrender themselves to be forced slaves? But the actual Hebrew text doesn't say "forced" at all. The only sensible hermeneutical conclusion is that it refers to a tributary. I study the ANE and OT scholarship, I even translate ancient languages like Akkadian and Sumerian non professionally. Ancient languages conveyed meaning through highly contextual compound words and ideas. There are parts of the OT that can be read easily, but we must never treat it like a modern work just because it is written in English, it is and will always be a 3,000 year old context and must be treated with care and diligence in understanding.
I want to get back to this, but the crux of your argument rests on the interpretation of that one verse, so I want to focus on that first.
Why is anyone compelled to alleviate someone elses poverty apart from objective moral values and duties? If you confirm that as objective then what do you ground it in? I know no other feasible grounding to explain our moral imperatives but God.
You can be compelled to do things for all sorts of reasons. I'll discuss my reasons for believing what I do
only if you give me an assurance that it isn't an attempt to hand wave away my opinion
and that you'll continue to discuss what the Bible says about slavery. Sorry to be so suspicious, but in my experience, that has always been the reason to question that when topics about the barbarism of the OT come into question.
I feel you are being a bit intentionally obtuse here. Why are you propositionally biased against Israel not condoning slavery? You have given me no hermeneutical approach toward the conclusion that they did condone slavery in the modern sense, and you give every point that I make undue skepticism.
All it takes to condone something is to say and do nothing. If it existed, and they never condemned it, then they condoned it. That is the definition of "condone". And since you've called Egyptian slavery "real slavery" I don't see why it would be difficult to call Israelite slavery "real slavery" unless they expressly forbid anything besides voluntary, indentured servitude.
This is very clearly condemning slave trade with the utmost severity and clarity. Not only is the person who forces someone into slavery by taking them condemned to death, anyone found in the company of such a slave trader is condemned to death.
Did Mosaic Law apply to everyone? For instance, if some foreigner murdered another foreigner in a foreign land, and then they wandered over to Israelite country, would the Israelites put them on trial for that murder? I don't think so. I'm pretty sure that the Law was for Israelites, and foreigners were free to kidnap non-Israelites if they wished. Secondly, since the last part of that verse I quoted expressly prohibits treating Israelites as harshly as foreigners, I don't see why they would protect a foreign kidnapping victim.
That is how they justified the two laws that were in seeming opposition to one another. Foreigners could be slaves, Hebrew men could not.
You have never answered why Moses, who is clearly convicted against slavery in his murdering of a slave master, would then condone it.
I did actually, here:
Eye for an eye. Notice that indentured servitude was reserved for Hebrew men, and only foreigners could be forced into real slavery. The Israelites were chosen by God and therefore undeserving of such treatment, but foreigners enslaved the Israelites so they were deserving of slavery.
Which ties back into the other passage I quoted that set up different treatment for Israelites and foreigners.
Your description says you are seeker, but I am not getting the sense that your seeking is unbiased here. You also will not tell me what you ground the moral values and duties you clearly express in.
I got back to that other post earlier in this post. See above.
I feel you are being a bit intentionally obtuse here. Why are you propositionally biased against Israel not condoning slavery? You have given me no hermeneutical approach toward the conclusion that they did condone slavery in the modern sense, and you give every point that I make undue skepticism.
Those cities that they sacked, if they didn't open their gates all the men and boys of a certain age were slaughtered. That was their choice. Be slaughtered, or submit. That's slavery. Not all forced labor is wrong. I'm fine with prisoners convicted of a crime being forced to serve their community. There's no reason to think these cities ever bothered the Israelites. If they had, then presumably they would have ended up on the list of cities condemned to out and out genocide.
This is very clearly condemning slave trade with the utmost severity and clarity. Not only is the person who forces someone into slavery by taking them condemned to death, anyone found in the company of such a slave trader is condemned to death.
No, it only condemns the man-catcher and the people who buy caught men. There isn't a reason to believe it is expanded to
all of the slave trade. I don't believe that law would apply to foreigners unless they caught an Israelite.
Okay so lets take a look here. It says that you can buy slaves. Does that mean they are forced? No. It doesn't say that. It says very little. But it should be assumed by the law forbidding slave trade that it doesn't include slave trade. So if you want to say this refers to modern slavery you will have to show that here, rather than assume it due to the English reading. Language was not robust in vocabulary back then, it was highly driven by context. I think I have done more than enough to show that the conclusion you give it can't be substantiated. Now I may not be able to give you a proof of that, but I think it is the best explanation given the context, and surrounding laws which has not been contested. And if you are a seeker I shouldn't need to give a 'proof. I have been very fair and honest to the text and culture as best I know how as a voluntary student of ANE material and OT textual criticism. I have nothing to hide, as I admit, as Christ does, the law was not a complete fulfillment of morality though it was progressive. So I have no theological reason to obscure the truth from you, I simply speak from my religious duty to the truth.
I like the ESV Bible because it is one of the few that attempts to translate as much as possible word for word. Perhaps "forced" is a bad translation there, but I'll need to see a scholarly source that states what it really meant instead. If the only other option was death for all the men and boys of a certain age, then "forced" absolutely fits the context, though.
I'll say this though, I don't think the ancient Israelites were more barbaric, vicious, or cruel than their contemporaries. I just find it hard to believe that a divinely inspired code of laws and ethics would overlook the most grievous acts of humanity, slavery being only one of them. I might be less biased against believing that slavery was outlawed if the laws hadn't overlooked other issues as well like rape and child molestation, or if it hadn't commanded so much genocide. I don't expect you to defend those other issues, as they would be off topic, but you wondered why I am so skeptical, and that's the best way I can explain why. I'm not saying they were any worse than their neighbors, but I see no reason to think they were much better.