Hi. I've been asking this question in different threads at this forum, so far two answers received are "I don't know" or "we're not supposed to know".
Jesus in John 14:6 says He is the only way to the Father.
The people who have never heard about Jesus or never heard a proper gospel about Jesus - are they all going to hell? They have no faith in Jesus.
I think it's helpful that we understand Jesus' statement in its overall context, especially in the overall context of John's Gospel.
To do that I think we should take a step back and look at how the author begins, "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God and the Word was God, this one was in the beginning with God." A few verses later we read, "And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us", and also, "No one has at any time seen God, but God the only begotten, has made Him known". This gives us the theme and basis thesis for John's Gospel: Jesus Christ is the very Word of God made flesh who makes the Father known. We can see this theme time and again throughout the text as Jesus is spoken of as the One whom God has sent, as speaking only what the Father has given Him to say, and famously, "If you have seen Me you have seen the Father". Because this is John's point, Jesus makes God known; Jesus
uniquely makes God known. Jesus is the only one who can truly make the Father known to us because He, uniquely, is the very Word who was in the beginning with God and is God.
Let's notice a few things also which are not found in the text you presented: Jesus at no point says, "Believing certain things about Me is the only way to be saved."
Instead, here is the immediate context of Jesus' words,
"
Thomas said to him, “Lord, we do not know where you are going. How can we know the way?” Jesus said to him, “I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me. If you know me, you will know my Father also. From now on you do know him and have seen him.”
Philip said to him, “Lord, show us the Father, and we will be satisfied.” Jesus said to him, “Have I been with you all this time, Philip, and you still do not know me? Whoever has seen me has seen the Father. How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’? Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father is in me? The words that I say to you I do not speak on my own; but the Father who dwells in me does his works. Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father is in me;"
Jesus as the way to the Father is explicitly in connection with Jesus as the One who makes the Father known.
The point here isn't believing the right things to go to heaven, of having the right knowledge to make it to the hereafter; it's about Jesus as the One who makes the Father known and that in Christ God reveals Himself and that God is known to us through His Son.
So we can then turn to your question about the fate of those who never heard about Jesus. This question, fundamentally, has no connection to Jesus' statement here in John 14, because that's not really the point of what Jesus is saying in John 14. But it can, perhaps, help us in another way: If we look elsewhere in the New Testament we find that, there is "no other name by which anyone can be saved" and so we know that salvation can be found no where else except in Christ.
One might be tempted to, at this point, say, "Aha! Anyone who isn't a Christian won't be saved!" but that's not what was said, what is said is that salvation is found only in Christ. Another way of approaching this would be to say, anyone who is saved is saved only on account of Christ because in Christ alone is salvation; if at the conclusion of all things we find those who never confessed Christ in this life present in the future life then it is only on account of Christ. Because Scripture tells us where salvation is found, and therefore we can hope and trust in the One who is our salvation; but we can't say who
isn't saved. Such knowledge is not revealed to us.
So, then, what about those who never heard Christ? The only answer we can give is we don't know. I know, you said you have asked this before and you got that answer and you weren't satisfied by it. But that's the truth, we don't know and we can't know. No Christian has the knowledge nor the authority to speak on things which we simply have no answer to, and so we can only trust that God is, indeed, a truly kind and gracious God.
Me? I come on the side of hope. It is my sincere and deeply held hope and prayer that
all be saved. But I can't speak authoritatively one way or the other--I can only hope, trust, and pray.
Other Christian views will vary.
-CryptoLutheran