You have made an unnecessary long argument.
Not really. I'm just being thorough. It comes with getting several college degrees in an area.
Let me go back to your earlier illustration: In the above diagram, there will be no water in the referred aquifer layer (sandstone in the diagram) if it were a limestone layer.
So you've never heard of a
karst aquifer?
Here's a definition from the KY Geo Survey:
Technical Definition of Karst Aquifer*:
A body of soluble rock that conducts water principally via enhanced (conduit or tertiary) porosity formed by the dissolution of the rock. The aquifers are commonly structured as a branching network of tributary conduits, which connect together to drain a groundwater basin and discharge to a perennial spring.
Dr. Steve Worthington, independent geologist, personal communication, 2002(
SOURCE)
And there will be no Karst dissolution in the ground. A Karst condition could be established right at the exposed area if the water in the shallow ground could find an outlet near the surface, such as a lower elevation spring. That is it. No artesian welling.
Remember, we are not necessarily talking about
formation of the cave (speleogenesis) here. We are, however, talking about an open, permeable porous rock body that can be filled with water.
Here's a link to an article on Karst Speleogenesis just to cover all bases. But that is in no way a necessary condition for what I'm talking about.
Remember, if a karst unit can fall within the water table it can be partially or completely filled.
It doesn't have to be during karst formation:
As groundwater levels in an area drop, more and more of the underground passage becomes air filled. When it is sufficiently air filled, springs become cave entrances, passable by humans. Other voids never develop a natural opening, and are intersected by drilling, notably of wells looking for water.(
SOURCE)
It can happen AFTER karst formation. Groundwater levels can change.
Limestone will stop to dissolve slightly below the water table. A normal Karst system start to develop from surface, not from ground. It is a open-to-air system.
And, again, I'm not talking about necessarily during speleogenesis.
Please address issues like
THIS KARST AQUIFER in Florida.
OBVIOUSLY karst can and does carry water long after the caves are formed. And since artesian systems have
nothing to do with the nature of the aquifer and
everything to do with the hydrostatic head arrangement, I still see that you have not provided any necessary and sufficient condition that would render a karst feature completely incongruous with an artesian system.
If you would provide a
reference or something like that I would gladly read it. I will not, however, just "take your word for it".
You see, Juvenissun, this came up previously. I am what is called a
scientist and as such, I learned that one requires multiple lines of evidence to come to an understanding. If you fail to provide any here as well, I'll just go merrily on my way.
The only difference between our arguments is that I have, at least, been disciplined enough to attempt to support my contentions.
This is how
scientists debate an issue.
This will come in handy for you should you go on for a graduate degree or ever have to present information at a national meeting like at the GSA.