If there is a reset button a good time to push it would be now.
After reset nobody gets to post except on the topic.
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Wow. So even when I explicitly say a comment isn't specifically about Mark, Mark makes it specifically about Mark... Nice.
I doubt it. He might think it, but dentists are good businessmen. Your bad hygiene fills his wallet. He'll just keep his mouth shut, and rake in the dough.You can't tell the dentist you've been flossing when you really haven't. He's going to call you a liar.
Well, I've been called out on an "I've been flossing" lie before. Pretty embarrassing.I doubt it. He might think it, but dentists are good businessmen. Your bad hygiene fills his wallet. He'll just keep his mouth shut, and rake in the dough.
And Hespera, there is no sense in trying to stay on topic.
We have plenty of evidence of "complex" organs evolving from simpler organs. Some of this evidence includes looking at the organs from different creatures. Take the eye for example:
All of the above eyes not only show how the eye evolved but are still in existence because we can find organisms today that still have them!
Wrong. Researchers say they may have found the missing link to this change in a strand of DNA. Specifically, it is a mutation in a gene that controls muscle development. The mutation just may have caused ancestral jaws to become smaller and weaker over time, eventually making room for a bigger, more complex brain.
Though the lack of this gene did not cause our cranial capacity to grow it did reduce the temporalis muscle size and allowed our brains to grow and our skulls to enlarge because of it.
What? We found chimpanzee fossils in 2005. Most of the fossils are classified as hominids because they show human characteristics such as a parabolic jaw shape and reduced canine/tooth size.
While some behavior can be shown through fossils (diet, etc.) we can gather environmental data from fossils. Human history is actually becoming more clear as we delve into not only the fossil record but other fields such as embryology and genetics which all independently converge on... evolution.
Sorry but I don't subscribe to that joke of a law. If it were true, disease would still be caused by spirits because that is simpler an explanation than saying all these different species and strains of bacteria, viruses, and even genetic diseases are the cause.
Wrong. We've witnessed an lot of genes that is responsible for human development. We don't have tails because the gene for tale development is (usually) switched off and apoptosis reduces the tail that did develop.
We have the gene for tail growth, as is found in all mammals! In fact, the genes that control the development of tails in mice and other vertebrates have been identified (the Wnt-3a and Cdx1 genes). It is now known that down-regulation of the Wnt-3a gene induces apoptosis of tail cells during mouse development, and similar effects are observed in humans. Additionally, researchers have identified a mutant mouse that does not develop a tail, and this phenotype is due to a regulatory mutation that decreases the Wnt-3a gene dosage. Thus, current evidence indicates that the genetic cause of tail loss in the evolution of apes was likely a simple regulatory mutation that slightly decreased Wnt-3a gene dosage. Isn't it funny that God would give us a gene that we don't need?
Though we've found nearly complete skulls that show an increase in cranial capacity from the 400cc of australopithecines to the average of 1100 in modern Homo sapiens.
[FONT=verdana, geneva][SIZE=-1]By Catherine Gianaro [/SIZE][/FONT]
[SIZE=-1][FONT=verdana, geneva]Medical Center Public Affairs[/FONT][/SIZE]
Researchers have identified two genes implicated in the dramatic expansion of the human cerebral cortex—a development considered to be one of the hallmarks of human evolution.
The researchers, led by Bruce Lahn, Assistant Professor in Human Genetics, presented evidence that the pressure of natural selection has led to dramatic evolutionary changes in a gene called Microcephalin and another gene called ASPM. Both are known to control brain size during development in humans.
The researchers decided to explore Microcephalin and ASPM because mutant forms of these genes cause primary microcephaly, a developmental defect that affects humans. This disorder is marked by a severe reduction in the size of the brain, particularly the cerebral cortex—the part of the brain responsible for planning, abstract reasoning and other higher brain functions. The brains of people with primary microcephaly are otherwise normal, and other structures of the body seem unaffected.
The researchers traced the evolution of Microcephalin and ASPM by comparing the genes’ sequences in a range of primates, including humans, as well as non-primate mammals. Specifically, the researchers sequenced the human, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, gibbon, colobus monkey, squirrel monkey and lemur forms of the genes.
“We chose these species because they were progressively more closely related to humans,” said Lahn. “For example, the closest relatives to humans are chimpanzees, the next closest are gorillas, and the rest go down the ladder to the most primitive.”
The sequence of primates from human to lemur generally represents a progression from the most advanced to the more primitive. Chimpanzees are the closest, living genetic relative of humans, and the lemur represents the most primitive primate, having branched from the primate tree before the evolution of monkeys, apes and humans. To study the evolution of the genes in other mammals, the researchers also sequenced these genes from the dog, cat, cow, sheep, rat and mouse.
For each species, the researchers identified changes in both the Microcephalin and the ASPM genes that altered the structure of the resulting proteins, as well as those that did not affect protein structure. Only those genetic changes that alter protein structure are likely to be subject to evolutionary pressure, Lahn said. Changes in the gene that do not alter the protein indicate the overall mutation rate—the background of random mutations from which evolutionary changes arise. Thus, the ratio of the two types of changes gives a measure of the evolution of the gene under the pressure of natural selection.
The researchers are continuing their studies to determine the biological function of the two genes, to better understand how their mutation could have led to the characteristic enlargement of the human brain. “We want to know when was the last time that the lightning of evolution struck either one of these genes during human evolution,” said Lahn. “Was it 100,000 years ago, or a million years ago or half a million years ago? That would be fascinating to know from the viewpoint of understanding the history of evolution of the human brain.”
Researchers identify genes involved in evolution of brain development
First of all, why did chimpanzee ancestors have larger cranial compacities than chimpanzees do today? Is it a result of the fall? Maybe chimpanzees are Cain's descendants since their ancestor Homo habilis was capable of making stone tools and they cannot.
Most scientists do not think Homo rudolfensis was an ancestor of modern Homo sapiens.
Try again. This is fun!
You forgot the fossil record also clearly shows a sequence of descent with modification.IC, you take a developmental series of stages in development and equivicate that with evidence of descent with modification.
IC, you take a developmental series of stages in development and equivicate that with evidence of descent with modification.
I am familar with the simple logic but what about something that requires something other then a random mutation. Something so highly conserved it allowed only two substitutions in 310 million years ago and then 2 mya it allowed 18.
The 118-bp HAR1 region showed the most dramatically accelerated change with an estimated 18 substitutions in the human lineage since the human–chimpanzee ancestor, compared with the expected 0.27 substitutions on the basis of the slow rate of change in this region in other amniotes (Only two bases (out of 118) are changed between chimpanzee and chicken, indicating that the region was present and functional in our ancestor at least 310 million years (Myr) ago. An RNA gene expressed during cortical development evolved rapidly in humans
Which leaves the fundamental question of how highly conserved genes undergo a massive overhaul.
Taung was classified as a chimpanzee for a long time. With the demise of Piltdown it suddenly and permenantly became one of our 'transitional' ancestors.
Embryology is useless, the fossil record is piecemeal and subject to profoundly biased interpretations and genetics makes a weak case for a chimpanzee/human common ancestor.
You had me going until I looked up the two genes and found that they are genes that we do need.
The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes which encode secreted signaling proteins. These proteins have been implicated in oncogenesis and in several developmental processes, including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. WNT3A
This gene is a member of the caudal-related homeobox transcription factor gene family. The encoded DNA-binding protein regulates intestine-specific gene expression and enterocyte differentiation. It has been shown to induce expression of the intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene, and inhibit beta-catenin/T-cell factor transcriptional activityCDX1
Sure, if you take every skull and make it a human ancestor you just arrange them according to size.
Since all you did is quote the article, right back at you:
"Human evolution is, in fact, a privileged process because it involves a large number of mutations in a large number of genes." He gasps, "To accomplish so much in so little evolutionary time - a few tens of millions of years - requires a selective process that is perhaps categorically different from the typical processes of acquiring new biological traits." He adds, "We've done a rough calculation that the evolution of the human brain probably involves hundreds if not thousands of mutations in perhaps hundreds or thousands of genes -- and even that is a conservative estimate". Evidence that human brain evolution was a special event
Did all that stuff I worked so hard on get erased!?!?!?!?!?!?!?
I don't know but it seems like the thread was a lot longer. Very puzzling
QV please: 1humans and chimpanzees share 98% of their genes! the process of replication is the same in chimpanzees, both the act itself and what occurs in the cells.
humans and chimpanzees are related. This is not opinion or conjecture or a guess, it is a FACT.
In the same way and for the same reasons that DNA is incontrovertible, concrete, physical, scientific evidence that two people are related it is also incontrovertible, concrete, physical, scientific evidence that two species are related. Similarities in DNA are derived through inheritence. This is a FACT of NATURE!!!
humans and chimpanzees share 98% of their genes! the process of replication is the same in chimpanzees, both the act itself and what occurs in the cells.
humans and chimpanzees are related. This is not opinion or conjecture or a guess, it is a FACT.
Well it could also be because God made their DNA similar. Your guess is as good as mine it seems.
(Capital letters, underlining, and exclamation points don't help in defending a claim.)
Unless of course, it could be demonstrated through erv's and nested hierarchies that common ancestry is more likely than a god.
Could you demonstrate something like that?
Of course. Have a look. This is known as solid scientific evidence, unlike holy books, so I have my doubts as to how serious you'll consider the links I've posted.
Lines of Evidence: Nested Hierarchies
Nested Hierarchy - EvoWiki
Could you demonstrate the existence of a god?
Well it could also be because God made their DNA similar. Your guess is as good as mine it seems.
(Capital letters, underlining, and exclamation points don't help in defending a claim.)
biased wiki article said:This fits easily with the idea of common descent, but is not what would be expected from special creation (although it isn't completely at odds with creation either, as the creator(s) could create life in any configuration imaginable).
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