Californiajosiah,
This is from the LCMS website (bold emphasis mine to answer your questions):
1. Question: How can we possibly say that all those Christians
from other church bodies are unworthy to receive the Lords Supper?
Isnt that what we are saying?
Answer: Absolutely not! There are two reasons why people can
be refused admission to the Lords Supper. The first has to do with
faith and discerning the body. Those who do not have such faith and discernment would commune in an unworthy manner and thereby receive Gods judgment. But the second reason has to do with the need for a fitting confessional unity among those who commune together. Roman Catholic Christians, for example, may be perfectly prepared to receive the Lords Supper in their own churches in a worthy manner and so to their own great blessing. But it would be unfitting for them, as confessors of their church bodys error, to receive the Sacrament in our churches.
7. Question: Well, how much correct doctrine does a person
have to know in order to be able to commune worthily?
Answer: The question confuses the two ways of looking at a communicant.
As individuals, we do not receive the Sacrament worthily
because we know a certain laundry list of correct doctrines.
Repentance, faith in Christs words in and about the Sacrament, and
the desire for repentant living in unity with ones fellow communicant are the components of communing in a worthy fashion.
But communicants are also confessors and members of church
bodies. As such, it is not merely what the individual knows that is in
view. It is the doctrine confessed by his or her church body that is the important thing. We ask those who join our church if they accept the teaching of the Lutheran Confessions even though they may have only studied the Small Catechism. In a similar manner, members of other churches who are heterodox in their confession have bound themselves to a confession, even though they may not know all of its content.
This is from the LCMS website (bold emphasis mine to answer your questions):
1. Question: How can we possibly say that all those Christians
from other church bodies are unworthy to receive the Lords Supper?
Isnt that what we are saying?
Answer: Absolutely not! There are two reasons why people can
be refused admission to the Lords Supper. The first has to do with
faith and discerning the body. Those who do not have such faith and discernment would commune in an unworthy manner and thereby receive Gods judgment. But the second reason has to do with the need for a fitting confessional unity among those who commune together. Roman Catholic Christians, for example, may be perfectly prepared to receive the Lords Supper in their own churches in a worthy manner and so to their own great blessing. But it would be unfitting for them, as confessors of their church bodys error, to receive the Sacrament in our churches.
7. Question: Well, how much correct doctrine does a person
have to know in order to be able to commune worthily?
Answer: The question confuses the two ways of looking at a communicant.
As individuals, we do not receive the Sacrament worthily
because we know a certain laundry list of correct doctrines.
Repentance, faith in Christs words in and about the Sacrament, and
the desire for repentant living in unity with ones fellow communicant are the components of communing in a worthy fashion.
But communicants are also confessors and members of church
bodies. As such, it is not merely what the individual knows that is in
view. It is the doctrine confessed by his or her church body that is the important thing. We ask those who join our church if they accept the teaching of the Lutheran Confessions even though they may have only studied the Small Catechism. In a similar manner, members of other churches who are heterodox in their confession have bound themselves to a confession, even though they may not know all of its content.
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