Yes, I know who Martin Luther is and I know what sola scriptura is. I also know what it is like to be in bondage to lies that you learned before you got saved. Martin Luther was a great man, and the reformation he was a part of was lead by God. But he was not perfect. He also shared some of John Calvins beliefs, which were not perfect either, to say the least. All of that aside, do you think that the scripture in question says that the earth revolves around the sun?
I don't think so, and neither do you; but it is clear that at a time in history, before people scientifically knew that the earth orbited the sun, people took Scripture as an authority on par or higher than physical evidence to declare that the sun orbited the earth. Again, it is clear that once people scientifically knew that the earth orbited the sun, the viewpoint that Scripture authoritatively declared the opposite was all but abandoned within half a century.
These are indisputable facts. You may not agree
with what they did, but you should agree that it
is what they did. And now the question becomes, whether or not you agree with what they did,
why did they do it? The timing by itself proves nothing, what with
post hoc ergo propter hoc.
But looking at the documentary evidence we have it is clear that they genuinely believed the Scriptures to be a physical authority over the physical workings of the universe; furthermore, they considered any questioning of that authority tantamount to questioning the theological authority of Scripture; furthermore, they considered this authority vested in the
literal interpretation of Scripture.
For consider, say, the discussion about Tobit's dog. This was a discussion that Galileo and others had had with the Church a bit before geocentrism and it goes like this. The Book of Tobit is a book in the Apocrypha describing the trials and journeys of a young man named Tobit and the consequences for his family. One verse (IIRC) mentions Tobit's dog. The question then is: if someone denied that Tobit's dog existed, is s/he a heretic? And the answer that the Church gave was that s/he is. Voltaire satirized this thus:
What is a persecutor? He whose wounded pride and furious fanaticism arouse princes and magistrates against innocent men, whose only crime is that of being of a different opinion. "Impudent man! you have worshipped God; you have preached and practiced virtue; you have served man; but I have discovered that you despise me, and have never read my controversial work. You know that I am a rogue; that I have forged G[od]'s signature, that I have stolen. You might tell these things; I must anticipate you. I will, therefore, go to the confessor [spiritual counselor] of the prime minister, or the magistrate; I will show them, with outstretched neck and twisted mouth, that you hold an erroneous opinion in relation to the cells in which the Septuagint was studied; that you have even spoken disrespectfully ten years ago of Tobit's dog, which you asserted to have been a spaniel, while I proved that it was a greyhound. I will denounce you as the enemy of God and man!" Such is the language of the persecutor; and if precisely these words do not issue from his lips, they are engraved on his heart with the pointed steel of fanaticism steeped in the bitterness of envy ...
http://teacher.sduhsd.k12.ca.us/mmontgomery/world_history/dem_ideals/voltaire.htm (emphasis added)
The fact that the book of Tobit isn't in the Protestant canon affects this little; one can conjure up any similarly small detail which
is in our canon, such as the number of water jars in the courtyard when Jesus turned water into wine at Cana.
This same attitude led the men of that day to believe that the Scriptures tell us that the sun goes around the earth, and that to believe otherwise is a crime against Christianity.