Jesus is the Rock of salvation. He was speaking of Himself in that verse and not Peter. Peter's confession was of Jesus and the Church foundation is built upon the confession that Jesus Christ is the Messiah. 1 John confirms this when we are told to test the spirits against antichrist. Jesus Christ is Messiah, God come to man, manifested in the flesh of man. He is the Rock of our salvation and the Rock smitten by Moses that gave water of life. They and we all drank from the same spiritual Rock - Jesus.
1 Cor. 10:4 and all drank the same spiritual drink, for they were drinking from a spiritual rock which followed them; and the rock was Christ.
In the verse given, Peter's name means stone or strongs number 4074 in the Greek. The Rock Jesus says He will build His Church upon is the faith that Peter showed in Jesus by his confession made in the previous verses when Jesus asked Peter and the disciples, "Who do you say I am", and Peter answered saying He was the Christ and Son of God, is larger. The Rock Jesus said He would build His Church upon is a different larger rock in the Greek, being 4073. Peter was a small rock or peeble to the Rock of salvation that Jesus would be and is today, as the confession of Jesus Christ as Messiah would be the foundation of the His Church. Jesus is the Rock of Salvation - God come in the flesh.
John 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
John 1:14 And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,)full of grace and truth.
Mat. 16:15 He saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am?
16 And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.
17 And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven.
18 And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter (4704), and upon this rock (4703) I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.
4074 petrov Petros pet-ros
apparently a primary word; TDNT-6:100,835; n pr m
AV-Peter 161, stone 1; 162
Peter =" a rock or a stone"
1) one of the twelve disciples of Jesus
*****
4073 petra petra pet-ra
from the same as 4074; TDNT-6:95,834; n f
AV-rock 16; 16
1) a rock, cliff or ledge
1a) a projecting rock, crag, rocky ground
1b) a rock, a large stone
1c) metaph. a man like a rock, by reason of his firmness and strength of soul
This is a scriptural difference between the Catholic Church and and the Protestant Church which has no Pope.
Ps 89:26 He shall cry unto me, Thou art my father, my God, and the rock of my salvation.
God is the rock of my salvation. There is only one Saviour and there is only one Rock. In God we have rock solid salvation, a salvation that cannot be moved.
Ps 94:22 But the LORD is my defence; and my God is the rock of my refuge.
When we take refuge in God, we are taking refuge in a person who is as dependable as a rock is solid and unmoveable. God's protection is as solid as a rock
1 Cor 10:4 And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ.
When the children of Israel were wondering in the wilderness during the days of Moses, they drank from a rock and that rock was Christ.
John 4:13-14 Jesus answered and said unto her, Whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again: But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life.
Just as the rock that represented Christ provided water for the children of Israel in the wilderness, Christ now provides spiritual water for all those who believe in Him. Christ quenches our spiritual thirst.
Matt 16:16-18 And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven. And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.
The Christ, the Son of the living God is the rock upon which the church is built. As we have seen throughout the Bible, God is the rock and Christ is the rock and no man is ever referred to as the rock.
Ps 118:22 The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner.
Jesus Christ was rejected by His people, but He is the chief corner stone of the church; that is, He is the stone upon which the Church is built.
Rom 9:30-33 What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, which followed not after righteousness, have attained to righteousness, even the righteousness which is of faith. But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness. Wherefore? Because they sought it not by faith, but as it were by the works of the law. For they stumbled at that stumblingstone; As it is written, Behold, I lay in Sion a stumblingstone and rock of offence: and whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.
Righteousness is found only through faith in Jesus Christ our rock of salvation. Jesus Christ is a stone of stumbling for those who do not believe in Him. Those who do believe in Jesus Christ will not be disappointed; that is, they are sure to be saved, He will not let them down.
Eph 2:19-22 Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God; And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone; In whom all the building fitly framed together groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord: In whom ye also are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit.
When a building is built on stone, the corner stone is the first and most important stone laid in the foundation of a building. Jesus Christ is the corner stone of the foundation of the Church, and the apostles and the prophets are the foundation stones upon which the Church is built. All other believers in Jesus Christ are the stones that make up the remaining structure of the building.
Isa 28:16 Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.
The Lord God told Isaiah that He was planing to lay a costly cornerstone for our faith to rest upon. The person who believes in Jesus Christ is resting on the firm foundation that God Himself has established. If the foundation cannot be moved, the believer cannot be moved.
Matt 21:42 Jesus saith unto them, Did ye never read in the scriptures, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner: this is the Lord's doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes?
Jesus Christ is the stone that was rejected and became the chief corner stone of the Christian faith. Faith in Jesus as the Christ is what the Christian faith is all about, without Jesus there is no Christian faith, and no church. A person who rejects Jesus is not a Christian.
Acts 4:8-12 Then Peter, filled with the Holy Ghost, said unto them, Ye rulers of the people, and elders of Israel, If we this day be examined of the good deed done to the impotent man, by what means he is made whole; Be it known unto you all, and to all the people of Israel, that by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom ye crucified, whom God raised from the dead, even by him doth this man stand here before you whole. This is the stone which was set at nought of you builders, which is become the head of the corner. Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved.
Peter who was filled by the Holy Spirit, preached to the Jews and told them that Jesus Christ is the corner stone of the Christian faith, and that there is salvation in no one else. Without Jesus there is no salvation and no Christian faith.
1 Cor 3:11 For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ.
Jesus Christ is the foundation of the Christian faith, and there is no other foundation. Jesus is the only foundation; therefore, any religion, that appoints any man as a foundation, is false. We must never believe in any; we must believe in Jesus Christ and in Him Only.
1 Pet 2:6 Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded.
Peter tells us that the person who believes in Jesus Christ will not be confused, he will know that Jesus Christ is the corner stone upon which the Church is built.