Sophia7 said:
I believe that this passage (Colossians 2) is not addressing whether we should keep the Sabbath but rather telling us not to judge each other as to how we keep the Sabbath--and I do think that this refers to the weekly Sabbath. The Greek word Sabbaton (used in the plural form here) refers to the weekly Sabbath, not to ceremonial Sabbaths. Those would be included in the same verse under the categories of the yearly feasts and New Moons.
I disagree with the idea that "a sabbath" is referring to the 7th day Sabbath in this text for two reasons:
1. "sabbath" coupled with the indefinite article "a" denotes the idea of a plurality of sabbaths. Whereas, the 7th day Sabbath is always referred to in the Bible in a definite way, and always with greater emphasis than any sabbath that was added as a result of sin. Hence, "a sabbath" here must therefore be referring to the ceremonial sabbaths rather than the 7th day Sabbath.
2. "a sabbath" is spoken of here within the context of "shadows of things to come". And according to the principle of "types", which are a shadow of things to come--"antitype", they were added as a result of sin.
In other words, according to the context of this passage, "a sabbath" can't be referring to the 7th day Sabbath, but can only be referring to those sabbaths that were added as a result of sin, for the simple fact that God never intended that humankind should live in a sinful world. And those laws which are, and were a shadow of things to come were added because God's moral law was transgressed.
"What, then, was the purpose of the law? It was added because of transgressions until the Seed to whom the promise referred had come. The law was put into effect through angels by a mediator." Gal. 3:19
"Everyone who sins breaks the law; in fact, sin is lawlessness." 1Jn. 3:4
Notice how these verses show that one law was transgressed; and because that law was transgressed another one was added.
Yet, the 7th day Sabbath can't pertain to what was added as a result of transgression because it wasn't made for that purpose. Rather, it memorialises God's act of creation. Thus it was established prior to the transgression that took place, which resulted in the addition of another law.
Therefore, it can't fall into the same category of those things that were, and are of the law, which were and are a shadow of things to come, because it was made by God for the purpose of giving His people something to remember Him by, but not to foreshadow something that would come within the context of those things that were and are a shadow of things to come as spoken of in Col. 2:16-17.
For, God really never intended for things to be any different as such than what they were in the garden of Eden. And since it was at that time that God made the 7th day Sabbath, it can't fall into the same category of the shadows that are spoken of in Col. 2:16-17.
Another thing to think about--Adventists often quote Isaiah 66 to prove that the Sabbath is eternal and that we will still keep it in heaven/the new earth. Here is what it says in verses 22-23: In reconciling these texts, we have a problem if we say that the Sabbath is eternal but that the New Moon is ceremonial and no longer to be observed. We can't have it both ways. If we interpret this text as talking about the new earth, then we have to accept that either both will still be celebrated or neither will.
I have to disagree with this too, on the grounds that the verses read thus:
"As the
new heavens and the new earth that I make will endure before me," declares the LORD, "so will your name and descendants endure. From one New Moon to another and from one Sabbath to another, all mankind will come and bow down before me," says the LORD." Isa. 66:22-23
Whenever the Bible speaks of "new heavens and the new earth" it is always within an eschatological context. Therefore, to suggest that the Sabbath spoken of in verse 23 is not referring to an eschatological Sabbath, just doesn't stand to reason, since the phrase "the new heavens and the new earth" suggest otherwise.
Furthermore, it can't simply be referring to an eschatological rest that has no end, such as the rest of redemption promised by God in Heb. 4, for the simple fact that the text speaks of this Sabbath within the context of something that will be observed at a specific time, and perpetually nonetheless. Hence, "from one Sabbath to another..."
Moreover, it must be eschatological because it states that all humankind will gather together to worship God at this particular time. Never was there a time in history when all humankind worshipped God at the same time and in the same sense as this. Therefore, we can't say that it applies to something that had already happened, thus being in the past tense.
And it also makes sense that it is referring to the 7th day Sabbath for the simple fact that the 7th day Sabbath was made to be observed perpetually.
"'Observe the Sabbath, because it is holy to you. Anyone who desecrates it must be put to death; whoever does any work on that day must be cut off from his people. For six days, work is to be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day must be put to death. The Israelites are to observe the Sabbath, celebrating it for the generations to come as a lasting covenant." Ex. 31:14-16
Nevertheless, we do run into the issue of the New Moon that is spoken of in the text. This is something that we should delve into more deeply. At this time I don't have an explanation for what it means.
However, with the evidence given already, I feel that it is safe to say that Isa. 66:22-23 is referring to none other but the 7th day Sabbath, and eschatologically nonetheless.