AgnosticMike said:
So almost is good enough? I can tell you that the heavily disputed books were not kept. Why is Enoch quoted in James for example. I can give you other examples if you wish.
Okay, now we get into "what is Apocrypha?" Unfortunately, it's an overloaded word (for all you programming types out there). I'm going to make a distinction between deuterocanon, and apocrypha. Both of these sorts of books are often referred to as, Apocrypha. But I'm going to distinguish them, because I think this general reference is confusing.
Apocrypha-apocrypha are books which can hardly be called controversial. They are books like "the Gospel of Thomas the Twin," or "the Gospel of Jesus." These are books which enjoyed very limited circulation. If it helps, think of Gnosticism, Arianism, and Orthodoxy as different religions, all competing for the name, "Christianity." I'll talk more about these, in the next part of my response.
The deuterocanon includes books like Tobit, Maccabees (I - IV), Bel and the Dragon, etc. These books were written prior to the birth of Christ, and did not attest to the revelation of Christ. Why they were not included in the New Testament, therefore, should be obvious. Many of these, however, were still considered "useful for teaching," in much the same way as there is a "Joshua Harris" following, or "C.S. Lewis" following today. None of these were considered Scriptural within the Jewish religion, and Christianity, which began as a Jewish sect, could not include them in its Old Testament.
There are books like Enoch, which don't really fit well into either category. But the obvious argument is that, just because a book is cited within Scripture, does not mean that it is also Scripture. You would have to make a positive argument as to why it should be. Besides, where were they going to put Enoch? Nobody thought it stemmed from Apostolic origin, considering it predates the apostles. There is no reference to the new revelation in Jesus Christ (again, it was written before Christ). What makes you think it was controversial?
James was controversial. It was kept.
AgnosticMike said:
You are correct about consistent theology, in part. There was a deliberate attempt to purge any documents that conflicted with the "orthodox" opinions.
I'd hardly call it an attempt. It was one of the criteria. The books that made it into the canon were not disputed by anyone (except within the Orthodoxy, ironically). Arius relied on what we use as the canon. The Gnostics relied on what we use as the canon. The Gnostics used additional books, and asserted that the canon had been corrupted from its original form, but (again, rather ironically) they never disputed any of the books now used as Scripture.
Well, let's talk about this view that the Scriptures had been corrupted, from their original Gnostic content. What if they had been shown to be authentic (or at least largely so)? What would their view become? We'll never know because from their perspective, it would have totally undermined their position. Augustine cites one of his reasons for leaving the Manichees. It was that he was always troubled by the lack of a search for the Scriptures in their original form.
One can only accept both the Orthodox canon and the additional Gnostic books if one accepts the Gnostic view that the Orthodox canon had originally been Gnostic. Thus, until such time as a single Gnostic copy of any canonical book is unearthed, it's difficult to be concerned about this assertion.
AgnosticMike said:
If I ignore the controversial books I am lift with zero, becasue they are all controversial.
I will folow this up with an example of what might have been left another perspective soon.
I thought you said that all of the controversial books were thrown out by the Orthodoxy? You're going to have to provide references of disjoint canons to make your point.