Here is a description of the New testament and how it is divided.
the Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John (John's Gospel is different than the other three, being more theolgical in content)
the book of Acts: An account or history of the beginning of the Church written by Luke.
the epistles (letters) of Paul: written to various Churches or individuals. The title of the epistle designates who it was written to.
the general epistles: written by James (the brother of the Lord), Peter, John and Jude. (John's 1st epistle is one of my favorites)
the apocalypse (revelation): a very mysterious and controversial (how it is interpreted) description of a vision John received depicting the end of the age (world) and final judgement.
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the Old testament is divided in this fashion;
the Law, or Pentatuch: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy. These describe the creation of the universe and man, and the deliverance of the children of Abraham (the nation of Isreal), and the laws and covenant and promises God made with them. Written by Moses.
the books of history: describing the establishment and kings of the Isreal. An emphasis is placed on King David, the 1st true king. Plus the return of Juda out of captivity and the restoration of the temple in Jerusalem.
the books of poetry: the book of psalms is in this category plus others. Kind of like of Aesop's fables. Contains wriitings on wisdom, sorrow, life, the nature of God, prayers etc.
the prophets: Some divide this into the major and minor prophets. The Major prophets being; Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel. Predictions of Christ and other future events, and reproof of the sins of Isreal, and warnings.
Keep in mind that the books of the Bible are not in Chronological order.