I have read many Christian articles regarding that matter and they all essentially danced around the question, though they seemed to highly imply fetuses are not saved. (For example, one said: 'Mothers who abort kill their babies twice, since they also deprive them of the light of God's glory'.)
There just isn't an answer to the question of what happens in a miscarriage or an abortion.
Historically Christianity has an answer about baptized children--they're baptized and so they're Christians. The question which we sometimes see get brought up is what about unbaptized children, and this includes the loss of a child during pregnancy.
There's never been anything resembling a definitive Christian opinion. Beginning with St. Augustine some medieval theologians proposed that unbaptized infants went to a state known as "limbo", which is often misunderstood in modern times. Some Christians in the middle ages imagined that there were layers of "hell", while heaven was reserved only for the righteous of God, not everyone who went to "the other place" had the same experience. Which is why, for example, in Dante's Divine Comedy the protagonist Dante encounters the Roman poet Virgil in limbo--the outermost edges of hell, a place that is by no means unpleasant but is very pleasant. This limbo was known as the limbo of virtuous pagans, and it's basically a kind of pleasant existence similar to a good life here on earth. It's not heaven, but it's not really
hell hell either. So when some medieval thinkers speak of the limbo of the infants, it is their way of saying that while unbaptized infants may not be received into the fullness of heaven, neither are they consigned to hell; instead they are granted a pleasant afterlife that is still technically "hell" without ever being hell as popular imagination often thought of it in the western middle ages (largely influenced by works of fiction, just like Dante's Divine Comedy).
Now it's important to understand here that this idea of limbo is a very western idea and was never an idea that took hold in the Christian east. Likewise, at no point was the idea of limbo ever given official sanction by the Church, that is it was regarded as an opinion that one could have, but about which the Church had no definitive answer. So it was always only ever an opinion that some western Christians had as a way of wrestling with the very question you are asking on this thread.
Today I think it's pretty safe to say that the general consensus among Christians across different denominations and traditions is that we simply don't have an answer to the question, but we believe in God's goodness, love, and kindness--and so we simply trust that God has it figured out. With many, if not most--myself included--believing that the most likely thing is that they will be found in heaven. Not because infants or the unborn get a free pass or anything like that; but because we simply trust that God's good kindness toward the world in Christ means that we should be open to the reality that not just Christians are found in the Age to Come, but that God's grace is far bigger and more vast than what we happen to be able to know or say.
So, yes, you will hear a lot of "dancing around the question"; and that's because there simply isn't an answer to the question. It's not a question that arises or gets answered in our Scriptures--as such Scripture is silent and that makes it very difficult for us to say anything about it. There simply isn't a definitive theological answer that can be found throughout all of the two thousand years of Christian history. So it has always been an unanswered question that, basically, either is answered through opinion and speculation, or else is one of those things Christians simply leave up to God. It's just not our place to make that judgment.
And this does not apply only to unbaptized infants (including the unborn), it applies to a lot of unknowns. What happens to those who never heard the Gospel? What of those who lived in other parts of the world before the coming of Christ? Should we be hopeful that heaven will be a lot bigger than we ever imagined? What if, in fact, in the end, hell is actually empty? These are all the sorts of questions that have been asked throughout the history of Christianity, and while some Christians are more confident trying to answer them, generally these recognized as the kinds of unknown things that we believe are better left up to God, because God is just and we are not, God is gracious, and kind, and loving far more than we could ever conceive. So, we just accept that as unknown. But we are prayerful and hopeful.
It is my deepest hope and prayer that not only are the unborn and unbaptized infants found with Christ in the end, but this is my hope and prayer for all. That, if possible, hell itself is found empty in the end.
-CryptoLutheran