Well, I answered "both", however, the answer I would have picked was not available,
"none of the above".
Poverty in the USA as in all other nations is caused by "poverty".
Because poverty and wealth are relative terms, usually at opposite ends of a spectrum, it is impossible to do away with either.
Several time throughout US history, our leaders have attempted to do away with or diminish poverty by increasing the minimum wage. But all that has done, over and over again, is raise the poverty level and often, the numbers of individuals that fall into poverty. Even in societies (socialist and communist) that attempt to balance the difference between the wealthy and the impoverished through wealth redistribution, the only affect seem to be to increase the numbers of people that are living below their needs.
By world standards, even our most impoverished Americans live better than even the well-to-do in most other nations.
That said, I believe that it is simply "selfishness" that
expands the poverty we do see her in the US.
SELFISHNESS #1
IMHO, the MOST selfish are the men who have fathered and then abandoned their children through extra-marital sex or divorce. Most of the children from these relationships repeat the cycle. The resulting depression and frustration drives many into substance abuse and/or criminal activity.
SELFISHNESS #2
Parents that are so caught up in the "Gotta-have-it" world that they spend all their time and efforts building an Earthly "kingdom", focused on THEIR wants, THEIR desires, THEIR needs rather than on raising God-fearing, God-loving children.
This is also a form of GREED.
SELFISHNESS #3
People who think someone else, probably the government, is responsible for the needs of the down-trodden, the hungry, the naked or the homeless, rather than themselves, their local church, synagog, mosque or civic organization. Historically, the further away from the actual source of aid (the actual giver), the less affective aid becomes.
This is also a form of LAZINESS.
I also believe that the current generation of children up to around 24 years will likely come to comprise the largest group of impoverished adults in US history, primarily because most do not know HOW to work, nor do the know HOW to give back to society.
I pray that I am wrong.