From Wikipedia.....
Cultivated peanuts, a
legume rather than a true
nut, are native to the eastern foothills of the Bolivian Andes. The origin of peanut butter can be traced back to the
Aztecs, who ground roasted peanuts into a paste.
[2] A number of
peanut paste products have been used over the centuries and the distinction between peanut paste and peanut butter is not always clear in ordinary use. Modern processing machines allow for very smooth products to be made, which often include
vegetable oils to aid in its spreadability.
Canadian
Marcellus Gilmore Edson (February 7, 1850 – March 6, 1940) of
Montreal,
Quebec was the first to patent peanut butter, in 1884. Peanut flour already existed. His cooled product had "a consistency like that of butter, lard, or ointment" according to his patent application. He included the mixing of sugar into the paste so as to harden its consistency.
Edson, a chemist (pharmacist), developed the idea of peanut paste as a delicious and nutritious staple for people who could hardly chew on solid food, a not uncommon state back in those days. Peanut paste was initially sold for six cents per pound.
[3]
Edson was issued United States
patent #306727
[4] in 1884. The patent describes a process of
milling roasted
peanuts until the peanuts reached "a fluid or semi-fluid state".
John Harvey Kellogg was issued a patent for a "Process of Producing Alimentary Products" in 1898
[5] and used peanuts, although he boiled the peanuts rather than roasting them. Kellogg served peanut butter to the patients at his
Battle Creek Sanitarium.
[6] Other makers of modern peanut butter include George Bayle, a snack-food maker in
St. Louis, Missouri, who was making peanut butter
with roasted peanuts as early as 1894, and
George Washington Carver, who is often mistakenly credited as the inventor due to his extensive work in cultivating peanut crops and disseminating recipes.
Early peanut-butter-making machines were developed by Joseph Lambert, who had worked at John Harvey Kellogg's Battle Creek Sanitarium, and Ambrose Straub.
[7]
January 24 is National Peanut Butter Day in the
United States.
[8]