Infant Baptism in the Early Church
It is a matter of great debate as to whether the early church baptized infants(McGrath 443). Part of the difficulty arises because the New Testament contains no specific references to the baptism of infants(McGrath 443). While nowhere does the New Testament prescribe this practice, it does not explicitly forbid the baptizing of infants either. There are a number of passages which could be interpreted as condoning infant baptism, such as the references to the baptizing of entire households(Acts 10:24; 16:15; 16:31-34; 18:8; 1Cor.1:16). There is no consensus among scholars as to whether these households included infants or even young children. Alister McGrath believes they "would probably have included infants"(McGrath 443) while Grenz contests that the inclusion of infants in such baptisms, "while being possible, is remote"(Grenz 687).
Stanley Grenz asserts that it is likely that "the early church practiced believer's baptism exclusively"(Grenz 687). Calvin attacks the claim that many years passed after Christ's resurrection during which infant baptism was unknown. Calvin calls this claim "shamefully untruthful", noting that "there is no writer, however ancient, who does not regard its origin in the apostolic age as a certainty"(Inst.4, 16, 8). In his footnotes, Calvin cites Irenaeus, Origen, and Cyprian among some of the early advocates for infant baptism(Inst.4, 16, 8). It can be confidently said that by the second century the practice of baptizing infants had become "normal" if not "universal"(McGrath 443).