oh, do share. how do the morphemes work?
It's based on free morphemes of one or two syllables. The simplest ones represent important abstract objects or actions; the more complex ones (i.e., involving diphthongs and digraphs) represent concrete objects or actions associated with those concepts. For instance the word for "place" is
hi, while the word for "land" is
hil, "soil" is
hilt, and so on.
Modifiers always follow their objects in word structure (though syntax is a bit different). One example would be "home" -
hiroth. It literally means "place-have",
roth being the root word for possession. Then further on, "my home" would be
hīrodau.
Dau is the word for "I, me, myself". Literally "place-have-me"; actually meaning "place that is possessed (by) me". Note that the last consonant of the word for home was replaced with the first consonant of the modifier, as is done with many words in Hebrew. Therefore it becomes a distinct word, rather than a string of other, more basic words.
Obviously it is simple to change "my home" to "her home", "his home", or "that person's home" by using the appropriate suffix, respectively
hirodis, hirodea, hirodeo.
I use parenthetical conditions to change the mode of speech. The word
ath, for instance, is the all-purpose negative. Any statement following it is in the negative, either until the word
ath is repeated or the sentence ends. This is also how emphasis, sarcasm, imperatives, inquisitives, cause-and-effect, and other modes work.
Syntax is pretty straightforward, but different from English. The subject usually comes first, followed by the object, then the predicate; although that's not necessarily the case when the subject is one's self, in which case a conjugated verb suffices to make the subject understood. Take the first verse of Psalm 23 (which I used as a laboratory while developing the language):
The Lord is my shepherd. I shall not want.
sanduin gunejadau endea ces ath tolech rodau.
Literally: Being-life protector-sheep-mine he-is therefore no (me) lack have-me (the negative and effect conditions are understood to be closed at the end of the sentence).
Intended meaning: The Living One my shepherd is, therefore lack have I not.
I have created about 300 words so far, which is all I've needed for the story in which the language is used, but when I'm bored I develop it a bit more. I'm also working on a font for the alphabet, which is really cool even if I say so myself. There are 24 consonants, and they combine to form symbols for each of the 574 possible syllables (not counting digraphs, which are simply tagged on at the end of the glyph).
I also organized the consonants into 4-letter series, based on phonetic similarity, as follows:
t, th, dh, d
p, b, f, v
c, ch (breathy voiced glottal fricative), g, gh (hard glottal stop, represented by the letter x as in Gaelic)
s, z, j (as in Jean-Luc Picard), sh
r (flipped), rr (rolled r)
and then there are six consonants without a "series":
n
ng
l
m
w
h (breath sound, represented by an apostrophe when needed to distinguish it from th, dh, ch, gh, and sh)
In complex words, a consonant is more likely to be replaced by the first consonant of the word being added if the two are in the same series. For instance above, the verb "I have",
rodau, is a combination of the words
roth and
dau. This is done for the verb but not for the noun,
rothdau, which literally means "a thing that I have". Such combinations tend to happen more with verbs than with nouns. It's arbitrary, but I wanted it to be consistent and it had to be one or the other.
...Sooo, that's probably a LOT more information than you actually wanted. I could go on forever, though.
