Everyone, the bible says, will be resurrected, some to eternal life with a new resurrected body, others...well they will be cast into eternal darkness and damnation. This doctrine which is essential to Christian Orthodoxy is one I could do without and if it were up to me I would not include it in Christianity. But it is not up to me, since we are Christians and called by His name we are to live by and believe every word that our God and Saviour says. More than any other person in the bible the Lord Jesus spoke of a eternal place of suffering and because He said it, it must be true. Whatever kind of place it is, we know it will be most dreadful because of one main thing and that is that the presence of the Lord will not be there.
Christians will not be judged like the unbelievers will, when we appear before the judgement seat, Jesus Himself will tell the Father that we belong to Him, that we are covered in the blood of the Lamb and we are clean because of this. Unbelievers the bible says will be judged according to their works and according to what they did with what they knew about Christ and the rejection of that Light.
Where a person goes after death in the present and before the resurrection is really debatable. I believe that Christians go to Jesus, as Paul said: "Absent from the body, present with the Lord."
Where unbelievers go is more of a complex issue, although there is a story that Jesus tells about a man in hades trying to reach his friends to tell them not to come to this place, the parable shows that after the man died in the story he went to some place of torment.
The after life is a very mysterious thing and I don't think we have the capacity to comprehend the spiritual aspect of it in this life, it will be a new frontier and something that we never thought possible.
In the words of C.S. Lewis:
God is going to invade all right. But what is the good of saying you are on His side then, when you see the whole natural universe, melting away like a dream, and something else, something it never entered your head to conceive comes crashing in. Something so beautiful to some of us and so terrible to others that none of us will have any choice left. For this time it will be God without disguise. Something so overwhelming, that it will strike either irresistible love or irresistible horror into every creature. It will be too late then to choose your side. There is no use saying you could choose to lie down when it is become impossible to stand up. That will not be the time for choosing. It will be the time when we discover which side we really have chosen. Whether we realized it before or not. Now, today, this moment is our chance to choose the right side.