References
1 The dazzling brilliance of the sun surrounding the pure woman (Rev_12:1) represents, according to various commentators, the light of the New Testament gospel, which empowered and gave unction to the early church. The moon, mirroring the light of the sun, fitly symbolizes the Old Testament's reflection of the light of the gospel through the predictions and rites that pointed forward to the cross and the One to come. The crown of twelve stars represents the church's roots, arising in the Old Testament in the fathers of the twelve tribes and extending in the New through the twelve apostles.
2 The use of year-day principle to calculate prophetic time was mentioned earlier in reference to the Messianic prophecy of Daniel 9. See Joh_1:1-3- Son of God.
3 SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 4, p. 835.
4 The name pope literally comes from the Low Latin papa, Low Greek, papas, "father," "bishop"; Greek pappas, "father." The pope is "the bishop of Rome; the head of the Roman Catholic Church." (Webster's New Universal Unabridged Dictionary, 2nd ed. [New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 1979]).
5 The papacy can be defined as the system of ecclesiastical government in which supreme authority is vested in the pope.
6 Letter, Justinian to Pope Johnn, quoted in Letter, Pope Johnn to Justinian, in Codex Justinianus (Code of Justinian), Book I, title 1, 8, Corpus Juris Civilis, comp., Paulus Krueger, 12th ed. (Berlin: Weidmannsche Verlaglsbuchhandlung, l959), vol. 2, p. 11, in The Civil Law, ed. and trans. S.P. Scott, (Cincinnati, OH: Central Trust Comp., l932), vol. 12, pp. 11-13, Cf. Justiniani Novellae (Justinian's New Constitutions), 131 st New Constitution, Chap. 2, Corpus Juris Civilis, comps. Rudolfus Schoell and Guilelmus Kroll, 7th ed., vol. 3, p.665, in Civil Law, vol. 17, p. 125. See also Don Neufeld and Julia Neuffer, eds., Seventh-day Adventist Bible Student's Source Book (Washington, D.C.: Review and Herald, l962), pp. 684, 685.
7 Letter, Justinian to Archbishop Epiphanius of Constantinople, March 26, 533, in Codex Justinians, Book i, title 1, 7, Corpus Juris Civilis, Krueger's ed., vol. 2, p. 8 as quoted in Source Book, p. 685.
8 See e.g. "Persecution," Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, ed. James Hastings (New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1917), vol. 9, pp. 749-57; Johnn Dowling, The History of Romanism: From the Earliest Corruptions of Christianity to the Present Time, 10th ed. (New York, NY: Edward Walker, 1846), pp. 237-616.
9 This blow severely damaged the prestige of the papacy but did not end its influence. Rev_13:3 speaks of a healing of the "deadly wound," indicating a revival of the papal influence. In the last days it becomes the most powerful religious influence in the world.
10 George Trevor, Rome: From the Fall of the Western Empire (London: The Religious Tract Society, 1868), pp. 439, 440; Johnn Adolphus, The History of France From the Year 1790 to the Peace Concluded at Amiens in 1802 (London: George Kearsey, 1803), vol. 2, pp. 364-369. See also Source Book, pp. 701, 702.
11 Leroy E. Froom, The Prophetic Faith of Our Fathers (Washington, D.C.: Review and Herald, 1948), vol. 2 pp. 765-782.
12 Peter Geiermann, The Convert's Catechism of Catholic Doctrine (St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co., 1957), pp. 27, 28.
13 Ibid., p. 27.
14 Later, the doctrine of papal infallibility was based on the assumption that
(1) "infallibility as an attribute of a divine church is necessarily found in its fullness in her headship";
(2) Peter was infallible in teaching faith and morals, and
(3) the pope has inherited from Peter the attributes of the divine church. It was concluded that when speaking ex cathedra "the Pope is an infallible Teacher in Faith and Morals" (Geiermann, p. 29). Ex cathedra in Latin literally means "from the chair." In reference to the pope it refers to his official pronouncements addressed to the Catholic Church.
15 For claims made for the papacy, see e.g. Lucius Ferraris, "Papa," art. 2, in Prompta Bibliotheca (Venice; Gaspar Storti, 1772), vol. 6, pp. 25-29 as quoted in Source Book, p. 680. For the claims of the papacy itself, see e.g. Pope Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter, Jan. 10, 1890 and June 20, 1894 in The Great Encyclical Letters of Pope Leo XIII (New York, NY: Benziger Brothers, 1903), pp. 193, 304. See also Source Book, pp. 683, 684.
16 Catechism of the Council of Trent for Paris Priests, trans. by Johnn A. McHugh and Charles J. Callan (New York, NY: Joseph F. Wagner, Inc., 1958 reprint), pp. 258, 259. See also Source Book, p. 614.
17 SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 7, pp. 47, 48.
18 See Council of Trent, Session IV (April 8, 1546) as quoted in The Creeds of Christendom. ed., Philip Schaff, 6th ed., rev. (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1983), vol. 2, pp. 79-83. See also Source Book, pp. 1041-1043.
19 Froom, Prophetic Faith of Our Fathers, vol. 2, pp. 528-531.
20 Frederic W. Farrar, History of Interpretation (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1979), p. 358.
21 Ibid.
22 Robert M. Grant, A Short History of Interpretation of the Bible (Philadelphia, PA: Fortress Press, 1984), p. 97.
23 Farrar, p. 361.
24 Ibid., 363.
25 Grant, p. 97.
26 Farrar, p. 365.
27 For the origin of the remnant, see Froom, Prophetic Faith Of Our Fathers, vol. 4; P. Gerard Damsteegt, Foundations of the Seventh-day Adventist Message and Mission (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1977).
28 Cf. Damsteegt, "A Theology of Restoration" (paper presented at the Centennial Conference of Evangelism, Andrews University, May 4, 1974).
29 See Midrash Rabbah on Canticles I. 6, 4; Tertullian, Against Marcion, III, 13; Tertullian, Answer to the Jews, 9.
30 Froom, Prophetic Faith of Our Fathers, vol. 2, pp. 531, 787.
31 SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 7, pp. 828-31.
32 The Catholic Church claims the authority to change the day of worship. "Q. Which is the Sabbath Day? A. Saturday is the Sabbath Day. Q. Why do we observe Sunday instead of Saturday? A. We observe Sunday instead of Saturday because the Catholic Church transferred the solemnity from Saturday to Sunday" (Geiermann, p. 50). See also Source Book, p. 886. This catechism received the "apostolic blessing" of Pope Pius X, Jan. 25, 1910 (ibid.)
____________
*NOTE: I hope & pray that the above posts will serve to bless & inform you about this important Bible topic. I have much more I would like topost,but it will have to wait until I have time again.
