RestoredGospelEvidences
Active Member
It has been said of the critics of the LDS faith that it is blasphemy to think that man could be god. They claim that to do so would some how take away from the glory of God. If man were able to reach perfection over eons of time wouldn't that add to the glory of God as this person continues to worship God through the eternities?
This concept, doctrine, theme about man (or women), are gods (or goddesses), in embryo, has been discussed here on different threads. So I wonder if things need to be repeated, or just links offered to them. See my comments here. Plus, this one, #2, #3, Other links to consider, A, B, C, D, etc.
Though the LDS versions of deification, called exaltation, or theosis, Christian moral perfection, are testified to be restored gospel versions, they are admittedly different from the many different versions found in the different scattered branches of historic Christianity. From LDS-Mormon perspectives, there are differences because of "the great apostasy" that legendized & changed many beliefs & doctrines. Blended in others' beliefs too, such as Christians Christianizing pagan festivals & similar beliefs, & Pagans paganizing Christian beliefs, as centuries went by. (James L. Barker, Apostasy From the Divine Church, (Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret News Press, CR 1960, Kate Montgomery Barker); James L. Barker, The Divine Church, Down Through Change, Apostasy therefrom, and Restoration, (Salt Lake City, Utah: The Deseret News, 1951). Being a course of study for the Melchizedek Priesthood Quorums for the years 1952-4), 3 vols: 1952, 1953, 1954. T. Edgar Lyon, Apostasy to Restoration, (Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret Book Company, 1960; Course of Study for the Melchizedek Priesthood Quorums of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, CR 1960, David O. McKay). See also sources below.
Debates over differences in the idea that God(s) came down to be humans, or humans becoming gods: These have gone on between early to later Christians, Jews, Greeks, Romans, pagans & others for centuries. Polemical debates & writings have been preserved as to how different early to later Christians, & others looked upon what God or the gods & goddesses were said to be like in their nature, form, shapes, or non-shaped, being incarnated (in a body), or incorporeal (without a body). Or born to a woman to become a resurrected glorified man. Such things are part of the historical records.
However, before modern Christians have charged that Mormons' version of "godmaking" sound like Greek mythology, or ancient Romans' versions. The early to later anti-Christians have used the same types of arguments & charges against early to later Christians' versions of Christ becoming a man, to later die & become a resurrected god, with a body (glorified & perfected). Before modern anti-Mormon "Christians" rejected Mormons' "working their way to godhood." Calvin, during the reformation, rejected the monastic-Christians' versions of working on Christ-like-traits towards godhood. These were also illustrated in ladders to heaven, where each rung ascended, represented the ascent towards "Christian moral perfection." Having mastered faith, hope, charity, kindness, etc., as each rung represented a Christ like trait. At the top of the ladders, often depicted, is the crown, symbolic of deification, being enthroned a god or goddess. Christ is often there to greet the ascending monk with different types of hand & wrist grasping. Symbolic of being raised up to join the other deified in the society of newly deified faithful Christians who had worked hard on overcoming their passions, sins, & bad habits. Thus, they were becoming perfected gods or goddesses who didn't "fall" to the temptations represented below under the ladders. Some of these temptations were depicted as piles of gold, un-virtuous women (in the case with male ascending the ladders, who might be distracted & fall off the ladders because they heeded the temptations of evil women calling to them from below). Plus, other temptations & demonic distractions that might cause them to fall, like the fallen angels.
Before Mormons were vilified for teaching that God became a man, so we can learn from Christ how to become gods, or perfected in the after life realms. The early anti-Christians, citing the Jews, Greeks & others, mocked early Christians for believing that God, after creating the universe, would need to come down to earth to work with wood. Celsus, for example, (2nd cent.), mocks Christ's descent to earth, his physical body, eating habits, travel modes, & other human traits, & knowing that the Greeks & other mystery religions also had their own pre-Christian versions of deification, calls the early Christians' versions an old worn out myth.
An interesting version of deification is the virgin Mary's soul being handed over to angel to ascend through the heavenly mysteries, coronations, crownings, enthronments, & deification process to become the Queen of Heaven, sometimes depicted enthroned with Christ, or other members of the godhead.
Over the centuries, the pagan mysteries & Christians' mysteries, have their own versions of deification, which have been used to either create more debates, or served as common beliefs by which to get along with each other. Perhaps we can explore beliefs here, in a more loving way that what I've seen on different posts. There are differences, of course, but there are also common themes, or similar beliefs too. LDS versions of deification are different than modern Christians' versions. So let's explore them in a more respectful way.
Sources for comments:
Alfred Firmin Loisy, The Birth of the Christian Religion and The Origins of the New Testament, French title: La Naissance du Christianisme Les Origines du Nouveau Testament, translated by L. P. Jacks.
Angelo S. Rappoport, Ph. D., Ancient Israel Myths and Legends, (New York: Bonanza Books, 1987), 3 in 1 volume.
Anna D. Kartsonis, Anastasis, The Making of An Image, (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1986).
Arnold Toynbee, (Editor), The Crucible of Christianity, Judaism, Hellenism and The Historical Background to the Christian Faith, (New York, and Cleveland, World Publishing Company, CR Thames & Hudson, 1969).
A. S. Garretson, Primitive Christianity And Early Criticism, (Boston: Sherman, French & Company, 1912).
Radio shows on deification, Christians were Godmakers before LDS were.
Caroline Walker Bynum, Jesus as Mother, Studies in the Spirituality of the High Middle Ages, (Berkeley, California: University of Berkeley California Press, 1982, paper back edition 1984).
Chandler Rathfon Post, A History of Spanish Painting, (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1930—1958). (New York: Kraus reprint Company, 1970's).
Charles Norris Cochrane, Christianity and Classical Culture, (Clarendone Press, 1940, Paperback; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1957).
Clifford Davidson, Editor, The Iconography of Heaven, Early Drama, Art, and Music, Monograph Series, 21, (Kalamazoo, Michigan: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 1994).
Colleen McDannell and Bernhard Lang, Heaven: A History, (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1988).
Darell Thorpe, "Ye Are Gods... Children of the Most High" On line rough draft.
David Knowles, 1969, Christian Monasticism, (New York, Toronto: World University Library, McGraw-Hill Company, reprinted 1972 & 1977). Tudor Publishers Company).
Dom Hubert Van Zeller, The Holy Rule, Notes on St. Benedict's Legislation for Monks, (New York: Sheed & Ward, 1958).
Francis Legge, Forerunners And Rivals Of Christianity, (From 330 B.C. TO 330 A.D.), 2 Volumes as 1, (New Hyde Park, New York: University Books, 1964).
Henry Ansgar Kelly, The Devil at baptism: Ritual, Theology, and Drama, (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1985).
J. Eugene Seaich, Ancient Texts and Mormonism, (Murray, Utah: Sounds of Zion, 1983).
John McManners, (Editor), The Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity, (Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 1990).
John Rupert Martin, The Illustration Of The Heavenly Ladder of John Climacus, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1954). See art works.
Joshua Moses Bennett, The Writings of the Rabbis & Other Important Discoveries. (Salt Lake City, Utah: Morning Star, 1990).
Paul Johnson, A History of Christianity, (New York: Atheneum, 1979).
R. Joseph Hoffmann, (translator) Celsus On The True Doctrine, (A Discourse Against the early Christians), (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987).
Robert Louis Wilken, The Christians As The Romans Saw Them, (Yale University Press; New Haven and London, 1984).
Stephen Benko, Pagan Rome And The Early Christians, (Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1984).
T. W. Doane, Bible Myth, And Their Parallels In Other Religions, (New York: The Truth Seeker Company, 1882 & 1910).
Vincent Cronin, Mary Portrayed, (London, England: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1968).
W. H. C. Frend, Martyrdom & Persecution In The Early Church, (Garden City, New York: Anchor Books Doubleday & Company, 1967). Martyrs were also depicted crowned, invested with heavenly robes, & deified as their rewards for martyrdom.
William G. Rusch, The Trinitarian Controversy, (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1980).
The Renaissance, Six Essays Wallace K. Ferguson, Robert S. Lopez, George Sarton, Roland H. Bainton, Leicester Bradner, Erwin Panofsky, (New York: Harper and Row, Harper Torchbooks, 1962, The Academy Library, CR 1953, by The Metropolitan Museum of Art).
Fredk, WM. Hackwood, F.R.S.L., Christ Lore (Being the Legends, Traditions, Myths, Symbols, & Superstitions of The Christian Church), (London: 1902, republished, Detroit: Gale Research Company, Book Tower, 1969).
Rev. Alexander Hislop, The Two Babylons (or The Papal Worship Proved to be the Worship of Nimrod and His Wife), (England: A & C Black, LTD., 1916; American editions, Neptune, New Jersey: Loizeaux Brothers, 1943 and 1956).
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