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Lines of Evidence

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FredVB

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Good design is characterized by simplicity, durability, ease of construction, and ease of repair.
Close scrutiny of living things shows that the "designer" does not "go back to the drawing board" for new forms, but tinkers with the related forms. The recurrent laryngeal nerve, for instance travels from the brain down into the chest where it loops around the aortic arch leaving the heart and then turns back into the neck where it envervates the larynx. Any engineer submitting such a ridiculous design would be fired, but it makes perfect sense in the context of evolutionary theory.

This is nonsense, there is greater design to human beings than any design that humans can come up with.

The fossils show evidence of deposition of extremely long periods of time, and so does geology. For instance the Capitan Reef formation in the Guadalupe Mountains could not have been formed in a catastrophe but must have take considerable time to grow from coral deposits, be buried, and then uplifted and eroded. The Karoo formation is of such size that the number of organisms in this one single deposit would have been impossible for the Earth to support simultaneously and so must have been deposited over an extremely long time.
Remains require rapid burial any way for fossilization, and there are many fossils, but great catastrophe would explain all this.

But I can point out evidence supporting geological and biological theory. Your opinion is supported only by wishful think... er ... faith.
Reptiles and mammals share many traits.
And those groupings are evidence of lines of descent, forming as they do, nested hierarchies that are not found in human design, architecture and engineering.
I can't explain the Creator as I cannot say what limits there should be to creation and design. God is greater than us and will know more, that we can't second guess.

Theories explain observation. The observation comes first, at least in science. In religion the explanation precedes the observation and any observation that the religious explanation cannot account for is simply ignored.
So some mammals lay eggs, like reptiles, and in some mammals the eggs develop internally and the undeveloped embryos with no placental support are forced into the world to be protected by the marsupial pouch. It is almost as if we had a snapshot of an egg-laying reptile changing by degrees into a placental mammal.
And "no clear transition" is just what any reasonable person would expect from evolution.

All this just disregards that there are more kinds of mammals, when you would think that to be properly considered a mammal it must be a placental mammal, that is just an opinion.

[serious];67000090 said:
What makes F and onward human? F certainly looks more like D and E than it looks like L.
What should a transitional look like according to you?

No, F has a human appearing skull. Like L, there is a human forehead, and no muzzle, with this distinct from D and E. I can see it, it is seen with an honest look. Transition, which doesn't exist, might have gradations of a diminishing muzzle toward being absent, along with a forehead forming in gradations to correspond to those of humans.

Why don't these fossils evidence the theory of evolution? What features would these fossils need in order to evidence evolution?
Then why does the platypus have a cloaca like a reptile, and not separate reproductive and digestive tracts as seen in other mammals?
That is why it is evidence for evolution since evolution predicts that we should see organized grouping.
Why would a creator make his designs fit into the same type of organized groups that evolution would produce? What is your explanation for that?
Evolution predicts that placental mammals share a common ancestor with other reptiles. Therefore, evolution predicts that there should have been a transitional stage in the past that had a mixture of placental mammal and reptile characteristics. There is a chance that a side branch of that transitional group of species has preserved that transitional morphology. That is exactly what we have in the monotremes, a mixture of placental mammal and reptile features. How is this not evidence for evolution?
What features would a fossil need in order to be transitional?

Fossils will only be evidence of previous life forms that were existing, they can't be evidence of more than that. Platypuses have characteristics of monotremes, still mammalian and not reptile. And these are characteristic of echidnas too. Argue with Linnaeus about organization not being expected without evolution, he didn't see need of it and expected it in design from the Creator. The Creator that is beyond our small understanding has reasons beyond us too.

Monotremes are still one distinct group of mammals. Therapsids were fully distinct from mammals, being their own group of reptiles. One fossil would not do a job of showing transition effectively. It would take a good sequence of fossils with all gradations between a definite reptile and a definite mammal, in that case.

I demonstrated that H. erectus is intermediate. You ignored it. I met your criteria, and you simply looked the other way.
Here you admit that H. erectus is intermediate because it has a sloped forehead like apes. Even you know that these fossils meet the criteria of being intermediate.

Fred V B did what we have waited for every creationist to do, which is describe what a transitional would look like. He ended up perfectly described H. erectus, and then had to run away from those previous comments.
I did not ignore any such thing. I don't have so much time to spend in arguing points in this section of the forums with all the atheists here. I knew it would be an erectus skull I excluded, I myself never make any case that erectus skulls were from humans like we are, regardless if they are not to be thought of as apes and if they are grouped with us. I don't say it is intermediate and the muzzle and lack of a proper human forehead show the case for that. Erectus skulls are not human and not transitional in what I say, I don't have any need to run, just don't have so much time for you. Too bad for that.

The design is there, but what is the evidence that it is from "the Creator?" The design is by natural selection.
Most fossils are fragmentary. This means they were chewed up and scattered before they were fossilized. This is inconsistent with a catastrophic event quickly burying them.
Ever seen a platypus? It is a mammal with reptilian features (such as leathery eggs). There are also a whole slew of "mammal-like reptiles" in the fossil record.
Can you give us a list of these "organized groupings?" We impose grouping on nature, but nature does not create groupings.
If there is no clear transition, then that is what we expect for a transitional.

What evidence from design? The design goes far beyond what I see can be thought as credible from natural processes without guidance, including natural selection. That you think you can know truth is such a design. I made the point already that fossilization requires rapid burial remains, anyway. Yes, we have been talking about platypuses. And? This was dealt with already. And again, argue then with Linnaeus that there shouldn't be organized groupings found apart from evolution.
This indeed was expected from logical design from the Creator.

You are disregarding the observation that there are living species with a mixture of reptile and placental mammal features. More importantly, there are fossils with a mixture of mammal and reptile features, and they are transitional fossils.

I can disregard that when understanding the kinds of monotremes are mammal creatures in their own right. There are mammals with leathery eggs, this is of use to more than one group of animal kinds, they just aren't placental mammals. There aren't sequences of fossils showing gradations of change from a definite reptile to a definite mammal.
 
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Gracchus

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All this just disregards that there are more kinds of mammals, when you would think that to be properly considered a mammal it must be a placental mammal, that is just an opinion.
Excuse me? I specifically mentioned montremes and marsupials. And whether monotremes and marsupials are or are not mammals is not a matter of opinion, it is a matter of fact.

...

I can disregard that when understanding the kinds of monotremes are mammal creatures in their own right. There are mammals with leathery eggs, this is of use to more than one group of animal kinds, they just aren't placental mammals. There aren't sequences of fossils showing gradations of change from a definite reptile to a definite mammal.
Of course there are sequences of such fossils. Either you just haven't bothered to look at them, or having seen them, refuse to acknowledge them because they contradict your certain faith.

All of this information is available on-line, usually with references to the original literature, so there is really no excuse for posting, as you do, unsupported falsehoods. (Google, for instance "synapsids sauropsids".)

:doh:
 
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stevevw

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What features would a fossil need in order for YOU to accept it as being tranistional between modern humans and a common ancestor shared with chimps?
See the debates about observational features being proof of transition from one creature to another are to subject to interpretation. It all depends on the individuals views and there are many who disagree. Now further studies in many associated fields such as developmental biology, but also genomics, epigenetics, ecology and social science are showing strong support that the traditional theory needs a rethink and expansion.

Its not just as simple as the traditional interpretation of darwinian evolution. To much evidence has come forward with contradictory support that there are other mechanisms at work which influence changes in creatures.Things such as convergent evolution is becoming so rampant that making out its just a coincidence is ridiculous. The traditional evolutionist have been fobbing off some of this evidence and either ignoring it or minimizing its influence. But now more and more it cant be ignored and is gaining support form more and more scientists.[FONT=&quot][/FONT][FONT=&quot] Now there is a new concept developing called (EES) extended evolutionary [/FONT][FONT=&quot]synthesis.

[/FONT]
[FONT=&quot]So its not just as simple as saying that evolution though natural selection does this or that and here is the observational evidence. Genetics and further study is increasingly showing that there is a lot more to it than that. [/FONT][FONT=&quot]

[/FONT]
[FONT=&quot]Although genetic changes are required for adaptation, non-genetic processes can sometimes play a part in how organisms evolve. [/FONT][FONT=&quot][FONT=&quot]The role for plasticity in evolutionary change is so well documented that there is no need for special advocacy.[/FONT]
[/FONT]

[FONT=&quot] [/FONT]They show that variation is not random, that there is more to inheritance than genes, and that there are multiple routes to the fit between organisms and environments. Importantly, they demonstrate that development is a direct cause of why and how adaptation and speciation occur, and of the rates and patterns of evolutionary change.

[FONT=&quot]Things such as [/FONT][FONT=&quot] phenotypic plasticity, inclusive inheritance, niche construction and developmental bias (and many, many others) also have an influence on how animals change.

[/FONT]

[FONT=&quot]Countless cases in which the environment influences trait variation have been documented — from the jaws of cichlid fishes that change shape when food sources alter, to leaf-mimicking insects that are brown if born in the dry season and green in the wet. Technological advances in the past decade have revealed an incredible degree of plasticity in gene expression in response to diverse environmental conditions, opening the door to understanding its material basis.[/FONT][FONT=&quot]
[/FONT]
No less spectacular are cases that can only be appreciated at the microscopic or molecular scale, such as viruses that hijack host cells to reproduce and ‘quorum sensing’, a sort of group think by bacteria.Does evolutionary theory need a rethink? : Nature News & Comment



So as you can see there are a number of other fields that are showing that changes in animals can come from other things besides random mutations and natural selection. Some come from the creature having what seems a built in set of genes that will allow it to adapt with certain pre set forms for different conditions in the environment. Other things like epigenetics where what a creature eats or how stresses can influence the genetics it passes down to its offspring's. For all we know animals do have a very large amount of pre existing ability with there genetics to draw upon for different situations and environmental conditions.



So its also not just about determining if a feature is a variation from pre existing genetics that are a natural part of its ability to vary its features or whether it maybe a transitional feature showing evolution between one creature turning into another. Its also about whether random mutations and natural selection are the causes for that change in the first place. There are so many other influences it will take a lot more time and research to see what is really causing what. But certainly as time goes on its looking like the traditional theory may need to be revised all the time.
 
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FredVB

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Of course there are sequences of such fossils. Either you just haven't bothered to look at them, or having seen them, refuse to acknowledge them because they contradict your certain faith.

All of this information is available on-line, usually with references to the original literature, so there is really no excuse for posting, as you do, unsupported falsehoods. (Google, for instance "synapsids sauropsids".)

Alright, I followed the suggestion to search under synapsids sauropsids, and found what could be expected, sites of evolutionist explanations of what creatures are designated as sauropsids, or what are designated synapsids. Nothing that gives reason to change my belief, from when I studied biology in school with evolutionist explanations and what was shown for that, that there are not fossils that can show every gradation of change from definite reptiles to definite mammals in a sequence. It isn't up to me to verify your position that there is such a sequence, though I was looking, it should be for you to show that as evidence if you are saying that I am wrong. It is for the one saying there is something to show something for it, not the one saying there isn't to show there isn't, which is not at all an equal task.
 
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stevevw

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1. Lucy walked erect, with a forward foramen magnum

Lucy happens not to have a foramen magnum at all, as he says, that part of her skull being completely missing. A.L. 444-2, thought to be male, was found in 1992.)

[FONT=&quot]Furthermore, the authors note that the usual way of indexing to describe the foramen magnum’s position is affected by how much the jaw juts forward[/FONT][FONT=&quot]. And Lucy's jaw juts forward like an apes.
[/FONT][FONT=&quot][/FONT]
Three scientists from the departments of anatomy, anthropology, and zoology at TelAvivUniversity that the jawbone of the Lucy species (Australopithecus afarensis) is a close match to a gorilla's. - reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Vol. 104, pp. 6568-72, April 17, 2007)
“… the Australopithecines still seemed to have climbing adaptations—so, the hand bones are still quite strongly curved and their arms suggest they’re still spending time in the trees.”
More importantly, the evidence from CAT6 scans of the fossil skulls (which show the orientation of the organ of balance) indicates that they did not walk habitually upright in the human manner.7

Lucy’s kin have also been shown to have had a locking wrist mechanism typical of knuckle-walkers.8

2. Lucy's jaws and teeth were intermediate in shape and size

This what I was saying before about the thickness of enamel. Its hard to tell if it is natural variations within the genetics, natural wear or caused by diet or disease. Lucy's jaw is said to jut out and is very ape like.

3. Lucy's pelvis was intermediate in shape.
Evolutionists—Stern and Susman in 198335 as well as Russell Tuttle36—have noted that Lucy’s iliac bones were oriented as a chimpanzee’s.

4. Lucy's skull was a big bigger than modern apes, though not by much.
Crania

[FONT=&quot]When Lucy first arrived on the scene, news magazines such as Time and National Geographic noted that she had a head shaped like an ape, with a brain capacity the size of a large chimp’s—about one-third the size of a modern human’s. Adrienne Zihlman remarked: “Lucy’s fossil remains match up remarkably well with the bones of a pygmy chimp.”

[/FONT][FONT=&quot]Evolutionist, Professor Charles Oxnard of the [/FONT][FONT=&quot]University[/FONT][FONT=&quot] of [/FONT][FONT=&quot]Western Australia[/FONT][FONT=&quot] used objective “un-biased” computerized multivariate analysis of many measurements on australopithecine bones.
[/FONT]
[FONT=&quot]They conclude that the australopithecines were a unique group of extinct creatures, not anatomically intermediate between apes and humans, so were not evolutionary “links” at all.
[/FONT]
[FONT=&quot]Richard Leakey, along with Doanld Johanson, finder of "Lucy" in [/FONT]Ethiopia[FONT=&quot] is quoted as saying:
"Lucy's skull was so incomplete that most of it was “imagination made of plaster of Paris”....no firm conclusion could be drawn about what species Lucy belonged to.

"
[/FONT][FONT=&quot]Oxnard[/FONT][FONT=&quot], an evolutionist, is one of several experts who do not believe that the australopithecines were on the human line...[/FONT]

So as you can see with the one example being Lucy that the evidence for any transition is very fragmented and open to interpretation. Evolutionist disagree on the evidence. As new discoveries are made this also casts more doubts as sometimes it contradicts what has been proposed.
 
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lewiscalledhimmaster

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I'm … keen to learn all I can about these lines of evidence for E V O L U T I O N

lines-of-evidence.jpg


Please choose "one" and help me understand it?

I known I could search out the answer, but then this wouldn't be a discussion - it'd be a boring old lecture.

So, let's chat.

Genetic Code:

In my continued journey, exploring these lines of evidence which relate to Evolution -- and returning to my primary focus : HUMAN EVOLUTION, I came upon a thread by a geneticist from CF who posted details about an aspect of this.

Here is his summary and link to the complete post on my latest thread: HUMAN EVOLUTION ONLY :

'....Consistently, the hypothesis of common ancestry makes accurate predictions about the comparative genetics of humans and chimpanzees. No other hypothesis has been offered that provides any kind of useful prediction. Not surprisingly, geneticists overwhelming use evolution, because that is what works. ....'*

~~~
* - http://www.christianforums.com/t7865703-5/#post67034832
 
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Gracchus

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Alright, I followed the suggestion to search under synapsids sauropsids, and found what could be expected, sites of evolutionist explanations of what creatures are designated as sauropsids, or what are designated synapsids.
Evolutionist?! The word is "biologists' ". Surveys indicate that 99% of biologists and geologists accept evolution as fact and the theory of evolution as the best explanation of the observed fact of evolution. In other words the people who have actually studied the subject, accept it as true, because that is where facts and reason lead them.
Nothing that gives reason to change my belief, from when I studied biology in school with evolutionist explanations and what was shown for that, that there are not fossils that can show every gradation of change from definite reptiles to definite mammals in a sequence.
There are not fossils that show every gradation? Why would you expect such a thing? It is because, if you demand it, there will never be enough evidence to change your mind, and even if it were supplied, you would find some other quibble. If you demand that I show you the transition between "a" and "c" and I show you "b", you would then demand the transitions between "a" and "b" and between "b" and "c".
It isn't up to me to verify your position that there is such a sequence, though I was looking, it should be for you to show that as evidence if you are saying that I am wrong.
Where would I have to start? Would you accept physics and chemistry. How much are you willing to invest in learning? Nothing! No one unwilling to learn can be taught.
It is for the one saying there is something to show something for it, not the one saying there isn't to show there isn't, which is not at all an equal task.
So why are you here? You will not be convinced by reason, evidence or authority. You have nothing to teach and nothing to learn.

Good bye!

:wave:
 
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Split Rock

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Lucy happens not to have a foramen magnum at all, as he says, that part of her skull being completely missing. A.L. 444-2, thought to be male, was found in 1992.)

[FONT=&quot]Furthermore, the authors note that the usual way of indexing to describe the foramen magnum’s position is affected by how much the jaw juts forward[/FONT][FONT=&quot]. And Lucy's jaw juts forward like an apes.
[/FONT][FONT=&quot][/FONT]
Three scientists from the departments of anatomy, anthropology, and zoology at TelAvivUniversity that the jawbone of the Lucy species (Australopithecus afarensis) is a close match to a gorilla's. - reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Vol. 104, pp. 6568-72, April 17, 2007)
“… the Australopithecines still seemed to have climbing adaptations—so, the hand bones are still quite strongly curved and their arms suggest they’re still spending time in the trees.”
More importantly, the evidence from CAT6 scans of the fossil skulls (which show the orientation of the organ of balance) indicates that they did not walk habitually upright in the human manner.7

Lucy’s kin have also been shown to have had a locking wrist mechanism typical of knuckle-walkers.8



This what I was saying before about the thickness of enamel. Its hard to tell if it is natural variations within the genetics, natural wear or caused by diet or disease. Lucy's jaw is said to jut out and is very ape like.


Evolutionists—Stern and Susman in 198335 as well as Russell Tuttle36—have noted that Lucy’s iliac bones were oriented as a chimpanzee’s.



[FONT=&quot]When Lucy first arrived on the scene, news magazines such as Time and National Geographic noted that she had a head shaped like an ape, with a brain capacity the size of a large chimp’s—about one-third the size of a modern human’s. Adrienne Zihlman remarked: “Lucy’s fossil remains match up remarkably well with the bones of a pygmy chimp.”

[/FONT][FONT=&quot]Evolutionist, Professor Charles Oxnard of the [/FONT][FONT=&quot]University[/FONT][FONT=&quot] of [/FONT][FONT=&quot]Western Australia[/FONT][FONT=&quot] used objective “un-biased” computerized multivariate analysis of many measurements on australopithecine bones.
[/FONT]
[FONT=&quot]They conclude that the australopithecines were a unique group of extinct creatures, not anatomically intermediate between apes and humans, so were not evolutionary “links” at all.
[/FONT]
[FONT=&quot]Richard Leakey, along with Doanld Johanson, finder of "Lucy" in [/FONT]Ethiopia[FONT=&quot] is quoted as saying:
"Lucy's skull was so incomplete that most of it was “imagination made of plaster of Paris”....no firm conclusion could be drawn about what species Lucy belonged to.

"
[/FONT][FONT=&quot]Oxnard[/FONT][FONT=&quot], an evolutionist, is one of several experts who do not believe that the australopithecines were on the human line...[/FONT]

So as you can see with the one example being Lucy that the evidence for any transition is very fragmented and open to interpretation. Evolutionist disagree on the evidence. As new discoveries are made this also casts more doubts as sometimes it contradicts what has been proposed.
You (or your creationist source) are cherry-picking from the literature. It hardly matters whether or not a foramen magnum was found with the Lucy specimen or one of the others of her species. You're acting like it matters. You are also making a claim about one bone from the pelvis and ignoring all the others to make it seem like the entire pelvis is ape-like with no intermediate features. It is not. The reason your source only talked about the one illiac bone being oriented like a chimp is to give the incorrect impression that it is not intermediate in shape. More word games to "score points in the debate."

Also, do you understand that an intermediate is going to have some features more like an ape and others more like a human? If you only refer to the former (and ignore the latter), does it mean it is not an intermediate??

I showed you what the actual skull and jaws look like compared to human and gorilla. You ignored the comparison. Here it is again: Crania

Here is a comparison of the pelvis (and hand). Without trying to mislead people by only talking about the orientiation of one bone, look at it and tell me does Lucy's pelvis looks more like a chimp than a human?
http://anthro.palomar.edu/hominid/images/pelvis_and_feet.gif
 
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Split Rock

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Alright, I followed the suggestion to search under synapsids sauropsids, and found what could be expected, sites of evolutionist explanations of what creatures are designated as sauropsids, or what are designated synapsids.
So, you found what you expected and rejected it because...... you didn't like it?


Nothing that gives reason to change my belief, from when I studied biology in school with evolutionist explanations and what was shown for that,
What would change your belief? I am guessing that physical evidence would not... yet you still ask for physical evidence... why is that?

that there are not fossils that can show every gradation of change from definite reptiles to definite mammals in a sequence.
Maybe not, but its very close to every graduation. It is a rich fossil record. If you were shown every graduation in a fossil, would that change your mind?

It isn't up to me to verify your position that there is such a sequence, though I was looking, it should be for you to show that as evidence if you are saying that I am wrong. It is for the one saying there is something to show something for it, not the one saying there isn't to show there isn't, which is not at all an equal task.
No one is claiming that every graduation is present in the discovered fossil record. For the mammal-reptile transition it is very close, however... that is clearly not enough for you. Taken with all the other evidence, the inference is very clear. I would suggest that you reject this conclusion because of your beliefs and asking for evidence is just a dodge.
 
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stevevw

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You (or your creationist source) are cherry-picking from the literature. It hardly matters whether or not a foramen magnum was found with the Lucy specimen or one of the others of her species. You're acting like it matters. You are also making a claim about one bone from the pelvis and ignoring all the others to make it seem like the entire pelvis is ape-like with no intermediate features. It is not. The reason your source only talked about the one illiac bone being oriented like a chimp is to give the incorrect impression that it is not intermediate in shape. More word games to "score points in the debate."

Also, do you understand that an intermediate is going to have some features more like an ape and others more like a human? If you only refer to the former (and ignore the latter), does it mean it is not an intermediate??

I showed you what the actual skull and jaws look like compared to human and gorilla. You ignored the comparison. Here it is again: Crania

Here is a comparison of the pelvis (and hand). Without trying to mislead people by only talking about the orientiation of one bone, look at it and tell me does Lucy's pelvis looks more like a chimp than a human?
http://anthro.palomar.edu/hominid/images/pelvis_and_feet.gif
Well all I can say is if you look at the links the scientists are not creationists and in fact some are evolutionists. They are experts in their fields and well respected. there are three scientists from the departments of anatomy, anthropology, and zoology at TelAvivUniversity and they publish their findings in the National Academy of Sciences.

Stern and Susman andCharles Oxnard are evolutionists. Oxnard is a very distinguished professor who has taught anatomy, anthropology and evolutionary biology at many universities.
Charles Oxnard | American Association of Anatomists (AAA)

The famous Richard Leakey even said that australopithecines "may have been knuckle-walkers". He along with the finder of Lucy[FONT=&quot] Doanld Johanson, [/FONT][FONT=&quot] is quoted as saying:
"Lucy's skull was so incomplete that most of it was “imagination made of plaster of Paris”....no firm conclusion could be drawn about what species Lucy belonged to.[/FONT]

So I cant see how they are religious. The fact is at the very least there is debate about Lucy being a transition and she looks more like an ape. Evolutionists have taken a couple of features that are questionable and tried to make out that they maybe similar to humans and that she walked upright. But she looks completely ape. Lucy is just another extinct ape. The evidence for ape man transitions is very patchy and up for interpretation. The evolutionists themselves argue about whether they are transitionals. If apes gradually evolved into humans there should be transitionals everywhere.

But all we see is distinct types either different breeds of apes who each have variety among them and very different humans. If you looked at all the modern ape skulls you could make an imaginary transitional line like evolutionists do if you want. Its all in the imagination.
 
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Split Rock

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Well all I can say is if you look at the links the scientists are not creationists and in fact some are evolutionists. They are experts in their fields and well respected. there are three scientists from the departments of anatomy, anthropology, and zoology at TelAvivUniversity and they publish their findings in the National Academy of Sciences.

Stern and Susman andCharles Oxnard are evolutionists. Oxnard is a very distinguished professor who has taught anatomy, anthropology and evolutionary biology at many universities.
Charles Oxnard | American Association of Anatomists (AAA)

The famous Richard Leakey even said that australopithecines "may have been knuckle-walkers". He along with the finder of Lucy[FONT=&quot] Doanld Johanson, [/FONT][FONT=&quot] is quoted as saying:
"Lucy's skull was so incomplete that most of it was “imagination made of plaster of Paris”....no firm conclusion could be drawn about what species Lucy belonged to.[/FONT]

So I cant see how they are religious. The fact is at the very least there is debate about Lucy being a transition and she looks more like an ape. Evolutionists have taken a couple of features that are questionable and tried to make out that they maybe similar to humans and that she walked upright. But she looks completely ape. Lucy is just another extinct ape. The evidence for ape man transitions is very patchy and up for interpretation. The evolutionists themselves argue about whether they are transitionals. If apes gradually evolved into humans there should be transitionals everywhere.

But all we see is distinct types either different breeds of apes who each have variety among them and very different humans. If you looked at all the modern ape skulls you could make an imaginary transitional line like evolutionists do if you want. Its all in the imagination.
You gave a creationist link that you based your agrument on, without bothering to read the original literature it referenced... that is the "creationist source" I was referring to. I said nothing about the original scientists who studied these fossils being religious. Also. cherry-picked quotes do not impress me.

Once again, you quibble about how much was found with the original Lucy specimen, when others of her species have also been found which add more information on her species' anatomy. Why do you do that?

I have shown you what the A. africanus jaw, skull and pelvis looked like compared to apes and humans... yet you still ignore it and seem in capable or (more likely) unwilling to comment on what you see with your own eyes. Why is that?

Does the A. africanus pelvis look more like an ape pelvis to you or like a human pelvis? I would like a direct answer, please. http://anthro.palomar.edu/hominid/images/pelvis_and_feet.gif
 
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RickG

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To me a picture paints a thousand words. Australopithecus afarensis or (Lucy) looks like a chimp or gorilla. It is said to be an extinct ape like a pygmy chimp.

Can you explain why we don't find fossils of all forms of life in all layers of geologic strata? How did they get distributed in such a manner as to represent what we would expect to see with evolution?
 
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SkyWriting

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To me a picture paints a thousand words. Australopithecus afarensis or (Lucy) looks like a chimp or gorilla. It is said to be an extinct ape like a pygmy chimp.

bh-001-lg.jpg
 
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Split Rock

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To me a picture paints a thousand words. Australopithecus afarensis or (Lucy) looks like a chimp or gorilla. It is said to be an extinct ape like a pygmy chimp.

Despite the fact that you continue to ignore the pictures I linked.

What does "it is said to" mean when it comes from a professional creationist who never examined a single fossil, sitting at his computer and cherry-picking from quotes or the literature? Why do you weigh such comments more heavily than the pictures you claim paint a thousand words?
 
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Split Rock

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Yes, lets continue to ignore the rest of the skeleton... except for the fact that the ilium bone is "oriented like a chimpanzee," of course..... :doh:

Of course, that jaw is nothing like a chimp's or a gorilla's, but let's ignore that too! :clap:
 
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See the debates about observational features being proof of transition from one creature to another are to subject to interpretation. It all depends on the individuals views and there are many who disagree.

I am asking for your views.

What features would YOU need to see in order to accept a fossil as being transitional between modern humans and a shared ancestor with chimps?

Now further studies in many associated fields such as developmental biology, but also genomics, epigenetics, ecology and social science are showing strong support that the traditional theory needs a rethink and expansion.

Let me guess. More links to lying creationist sites?

Or will you actually discuss real scientific papers?

To much evidence has come forward with contradictory support that there are other mechanisms at work which influence changes in creatures.Things such as convergent evolution is becoming so rampant that making out its just a coincidence is ridiculous. The traditional evolutionist have been fobbing off some of this evidence and either ignoring it or minimizing its influence. But now more and more it cant be ignored and is gaining support form more and more scientists.[FONT=&quot][/FONT][FONT=&quot] Now there is a new concept developing called (EES) extended evolutionary [/FONT][FONT=&quot]synthesis.


The EES is a bunch of woo being pushed by a very minor group of scientists. Why don't you pick out one of their peer reviewed papers and show us how it supports your claims?
 
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