Its not monastic because in the 69th Apostolic Canon it is written,
"Any bishop, priest, deacon, sub-deacon, reader or chanter, who does not fast during Great-Lent, and each Friday and Wednesday, is to be deposed. Except if he is prevented from doing so due to bodily illness. If a person is a layman who does not fast, he is to be rejected."
Jesus, showing us an example, defeated Satan by fasting in the wilderness for 40 days. This is what St Issac of Syria says about this,
"The Saviour began the work of our salvation with fasting. In the same way all those, who follow in the footsteps of the Saviour, build on this foundation the beginning of their endeavor, since fasting is a weapon established by God. Who will escape blame if he neglects this? If the Lawgiver Himself fasts, how can any of those, who have the law be exempt from fasting? This is why the human race knew no victory before fasting, and the devil was never defeated by our nature as it is: but this weapon has indeed deprived the devil of his strength from the outset."
Directions on Spiritual Training #30