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How polyploids happen

and is now trying to bait Rufus by making pretensions claims like "it couldn't possibly be that he is KNOWINGLY pretending ignorance to avoid the issue..." so that Rufus will (as usual) spell it out for him in language a third grade student could understand. Ironically, after this happens, he will drop the WHOLE DISCUSSION like a hot rock and NEVER, NEVER, NEVER, under ANY circumstances, or under pleading from a burning bush, EVER, come back to this thread and say "hey, sorry about that mess with the polyploidy guys.. I was wrong on that", because that would be like TORTURE for him.

Unless, unless? Unless he can find some point in Rufus' explanation of what polyploidy means, why we would need more information than is available to determine whehter it happened in the particular group of transitions that led from gymno- to angio-sperms, and why it doesn't matter ---- some point that he can "Nick-Pick", and howl that evolutionists are sooo stupid/liars/insane/dishonest/ that one of them said that polyploidy was duplication of an entire genome and another one said that polyploidy was a genome-duplication event, so why can't they get their stories straight???!!???

Spooky, huh?
 
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Originally posted by RufusAtticus

Nick, you are wrong here.  Hybrids are not the result of polyploidy.  They are the result of sexual reproduction between two different species or morphs, depending on the context.

Parent A: 2n = 6, Gamete: n = 3
Parent B: 2n = 4, Gamete: n = 2
Hybrid Offspring: 2n = 5, Gamete: n = 2 or 3, most likely sterile.

As you can clearly see the hybrid is not polyploid, no doubling of chromosomes has taken place as Nick contends.  In fact, it is an aneuploid.  Asexual reproduction can preserve many of these sterile hybrids until polyploidy restores fertility.  Aneuploid hybrids that latter experience polyploidy becom allopolyploids.

Yes, you're right. The information was right there in the diagrams I included, but when I attempted to condense it, I explained the process out of order. (By the way, I included Aneuploids in what I was referring to when I said that plants tend to be tolerant of these things but can be infertile. I simply wanted to keep things in layman's terms and not have to differentiate between things like Aneuploids and other chromosome abnormalities.)

What I should have said was that, depending on where things proceed from there, it sometimes results in a polyploid, which is double the number of chromosomes and sometimes produces a robust fertile plant, etc. Yes, that's still not strictly correct, since it's not exactly double every time, and interbreeding polyploids can jack up the number of chromosomes in various ways, but these issues are covered fairly well in the linked document I included and other documents. Since my point has nothing to do with the specific number of chromosomes, I didn't go into that level of detail. My apologies for not perfectly regurgitating what I felt were irrelevant details from the sites.

Originally posted by RufusAtticus
There are no interesting implications, since your argument rests on the faulty assumption that all allopolyploids are morphologically intermediate,

What argument? When did I ever pose that argument?

Originally posted by RufusAtticus
and all transitional fossils should thus be suspected of being allopolyploids.

Huh? When did I say that?

Originally posted by RufusAtticus
Now, if all three species were found associated together in the same stratum...[blah, blah blah]

Chill, Rufus. You're anticipating and trying to head off the wrong argument. I not going there, although if someone would just submit a series of transitionals it might be fun to speculate based on this argument. But nobody seems to be able to do that, so I guess we can't play with that idea.

Originally posted by RufusAtticus

Yes, I did explain it, but you are under the false conception that there are separate mechanisms for allopolyploidy as there are for autopolyploidy.  The only distinction is that allopolyploids are derived from hybrids and autopolyploids are not.

True from a technical perspective of how reproduction produces polyploids, but very misleading. Being an uneducated programmer moron, however, I'm still thinking in much simpler terms than you are, so you need to stop attaching technical terms to things and saying they're equivalent, because to us morons, a hybrid is not the same thing as an autopolyploid. The autopolyploid simply duplicates its own chromosomes. The hybrid combines chromosomes from two or more species, which is a process that is more likely to produce a morphology change. It's still not central to my point, but feel free to obsess on it, because it is very amusing to see how desperate you folks are to head off anything that might be damaging to evolution, like claims that the two are identical when the outcome can be significantly different.

Originally posted by RufusAtticus

:rolleyes: You are complaining that I didn’t address the separate mechanism for allopolyploidy when it in fact doesn’t exist.

No, I'm complaining because that's NOT what I asked for but that's what you kept supplying. I asked you NOT to address it from the perspective of the genetic mechanism and tell everyone in layman's terms how it HAPPENS. You got as close as farming and cultivated plants, but neglected to mention the fact that it most commonly HAPPENS when plants cross-breed -- whether through cultivation or naturally. Why would you dance around that? I have no idea, since I'm a moron, so let's move on to the next question.

FINALLY - next question:

Did this same process contribute to the evolution of reptiles to mammals? In other words, did the series of transitionals in the pretty picture come about due to cross-breeding (or even autopolyploidy)? If so, can you explain how polyploids had a role in this process?

If not, can you tell us what the genetic mechanism of mutation was that caused the evolution of reptiles into mammals? Assuming you don't continue to obscure all the information with jargon and actually get to the point, then can you also tell us what you theorize (in simple layman's terms), what the physical action IS that is responsible for the genetic mutations involved in this transition? If it is not cross-breeding, then what happened that caused the mutation? And if there are multiple causes, you please address them all? I'm looking for simple explanations in layman's terms, in the same sense that cross-breeding leads to allopolyploids, which is believed to be the most common way polyploids are produced. So please tell us HOW these mutations happen (cross-breeding, sunspots, whatever) . And then tell us what the believed frequency is for these mutations, such as MOSTLY cross-breeding, SOMETIMES sunspots, etc.

Originally posted by RufusAtticus

We won’t waist our time until we can get you to explain and defend the relevance of your challenge.  You haven’t even bothered to do anything other than claim that we are mistaken about polyploids when you are the one with the problem.

Can you or can you not provide the kinds of series of transitionals from 99.9% of the fossil record that I requested? If you can, great. If not, and you don't see the relevance of failing to be able to provide this data, then perhaps you're not as educated and intelligent as you give yourself credit.
 
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If not, can you tell us what the genetic mechanism of mutation was that caused the evolution of reptiles into mammals? Assuming you don't continue to obscure all the information with jargon and actually get to the point, then can you also tell us what you theorize (in simple layman's terms), what the physical action IS that is responsible for the genetic mutations involved in this transition? If it is not cross-breeding, then what happened that caused the mutation? And if there are multiple causes, you please address them all? I'm looking for simple explanations in layman's terms, in the same sense that cross-breeding leads to allopolyploids, which is believed to be the most common way polyploids are produced. So please tell us HOW these mutations happen (cross-breeding, sunspots, whatever) . And then tell us what the believed frequency is for these mutations, such as MOSTLY cross-breeding, SOMETIMES sunspots, etc.

Ok... having cooled down a bit, I think I can give the non-answer to this question:

I don't think that it is possible to take a transition that occurred in the so far distant past as the synapsid-mammal one and identify the various mutations involved. You might have better luck if you asked about the hominid transition. I know I couldn't answer, but at least the gentic differences are small enough and recent enough to at least be subject to estimation by someone who works in the field of paleoanthropology (edited to add: and has some experience in the field of genetics as well.)

A quick follow up:

I already know that you won't until at least eight of us are victims of brain damage from banging our head against the wall, but, pretty please, could you tell us why this question is relevant???
 
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Originally posted by Jerry Smith
Ok... having cooled down a bit, I think I can give the non-answer to this question:

Wow, a non-answer. I haven't gotten any of those before.

Originally posted by Jerry Smith
I don't think that it is possible to take a transition that occurred in the so far distant past as the synapsid-mammal one and identify the various mutations involved.

Then why do you speculate on such things and come to the conclusion that they work?

You take a mosquito that evolves into a mosquito and a bird with varying beak size and extrapolate evolution from those -- yet you won't risk speculating on what kind of mutations took place and what might have caused them?

And I could have sworn you guys discussed this in depth in other threads, with the evolutionists insisting that certain types of mutations caused increase in information. You seemed to know an awful lot about mutations then. What happened to all that knowledge? Did it disappear with all the evidence for transitions in 99.9% of the fossil record? Perhaps you'll dig it up someday and let me know the answer to my question.
 
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seebs

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I think Rufus is saying he won't try to make a specific claim about which of several mechanisms led to a specific development... which strikes me as reasonable. It would be sufficient to show that the various options available would be sufficient to the task, it's not necessary to identify the exact path.
 
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Originally posted by Jerry Smith
I already know that you won't until at least eight of us are victims of brain damage from banging our head against the wall, but, pretty please, could you tell us why this question is relevant???

Don't worry, Jerry. The fact that you believe evolution is true tells me it's already too late.

What cracks me up is this. It took days, and THE PEOPLE WHO ONE WOULD ASSUME KNEW ABOUT IT refused to mention allopolyploidy and the simple action of cross-breeding. And you have the gall to accuse me of being the one who is dragging this out?
 
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Originally posted by seebs
Hey, I'm still waiting for an explanation of why polyploidy should be excluded from a transitional series.

Great! I'm still waiting for a series of transitionals from 99.9% of the fossil record. But I figured out how long it will probably take and came up with an activity to keep me busy. Care to join me?

99,999,999,999,701 bottles of beer on the wall, 99,999,999,999,701 bottles of beer...
 
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Originally posted by npetreley


Great! I'm still waiting for a series of transitionals from 99.9% of the fossil record. But I figured out how long it will probably take and came up with an activity to keep me busy. Care to join me?

99,999,999,999,701 bottles of beer on the wall, 99,999,999,999,701 bottles of beer...

1) The trilobite series is a series of transitionals from 99.9% of the fossil record, so you are through waiting (Matter of fact, there were also some other transitional series posted there too).

2) No one promised you we would meet the bogus details of your challenge, so wait for ever if you want to. I think you should take a vow of silence until someone spoon feeds this to you just as a symbolic gesture... please?

3) You did promise us you would explain what the living heck you were thinking about when you asked us to pick fossils that weren't polyploid in your bogus challenge. I hope you will at least fulfill this promise before you start your vow of silence.. 
 
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It took days, and THE PEOPLE WHO ONE WOULD ASSUME KNEW ABOUT IT

PERSON - you know the guy who made the bogus challenge to begin with, and who can exclusively be expected to know the relevance of its criteria..

refused to mention allopolyploidy and the simple action of cross-breeding.

DESPITE NEVER HAVING BEEN ASKED ABOUT IT??? HOW CAN YOU REFUSE TO DO SOMETHING NO ONE HAS ASKED YOU TO DO?!?!?!

And you have the gall to accuse me of being the one who is dragging this out?

OH YES I DO! FOR INSTANCE - YOU STILL HAVEN'T EXPLAINED YOURSELF...
 
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Then why do you speculate on such things and come to the conclusion that they work?

Who is speculating about anything?

You take a mosquito that evolves into a mosquito and a bird with varying beak size and extrapolate evolution from those

No we don't. You haven't bothered to learn much about how we know about evolution obviously, but seeing it occur in real-time is only part of the reason we know about it.

And I could have sworn you guys discussed this in depth in other threads, with the evolutionists insisting that certain types of mutations caused increase in information.

What have you been drinking?? It was creationists, and only creationists who made any claims at all about information. Showing the lack of merit in their claims, and showing they chose a poor and immeasurable quantity to make claims about in the first place is not the same as making our own insistent claims about that poor and immeasurable quantity.

You seemed to know an awful lot about mutations then. What happened to all that knowledge?

I think it disappeared when the genes that you are interested in asking questions about failed to fossilize with the organisms they acted upon a few million years ago.

Did it disappear with all the evidence for transitions in 99.9% of the fossil record?

The evidence for fossil transitions, or the answer to your bogus challenge? Despite whatever delusions you may have that reality adjusts to your conception of it, the two are very, very different things.
 
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Originally posted by npetreley
What cracks me up is this. It took days, and THE PEOPLE WHO ONE WOULD ASSUME KNEW ABOUT IT refused to mention allopolyploidy and the simple action of cross-breeding. And you have the gall to accuse me of being the one who is dragging this out?

Yes, because you kept asking about polyploidy, and what the mechanism was, and you kept getting the same answer.  That's because the mechanism that causes polyploidy is the same whether they are autopolyploids or allopolyploids.

In short, this drug on for days because you were looking for an answer to a question you refused to ask.

 
 
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