How does natural selection determine which mutations remain and which do not?

xianghua said:

again: we can compare it with a car for instance.

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Denied, I and many other people have already explained to you why cars and other machines we build are not comparable to living organisms.

xianghua said:

if you agree that a car cant evolve stepwise then why we cant conclude the same for living systems?

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Because cars don't work the same way as living systems do.

PsychoSarah said:

Because cars don't work the same way as living systems do.

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so what? they both ic. so you need to prove that this difference is relevant to the ic concept.

xianghua said:

so what? they both ic.so you need to prove that this difference is relevant to the ic concept.

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Boring.

We get it - nothing will ever convince you that you are wrong, and your religious beliefs require you to never admit it even if you realized it.

xianghua said:

so you just replace one complex system by another one with even more components: flagellum, receptor, processing system, a signal transition system etc. even so i dont see how by adding a new olfactory receptor to a motion system we will end up with an olfactory system. its like moving from a dvd into a video camera.

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I was providing a simple example context where a mutation for chemical sensitivity could provide an organism a selective advantage for the potential evolution of an olfactory organ; I'm afraid I can't think of a simpler example if you are unable to follow that one.

Cells in colonies and multicellular organisms exchange signals from the start of their development. If an organism can't respond to stimuli from its environment, it will have no use for environment sensors (and it will die - more accurately, it could never have evolved - responsiveness is a requirement for life). Mechanisms for sensing and responding the environment provide a selective (evolutionary) advantage at the earliest stages in the evolution of life.

Do some reading around the subject, perhaps that will help - although I'm not optimistic.