First off, I congratulate you for going out of your way to learn about logical fallacies, and to examine the arguments put forward in a skeptical and rational view.
The truth has nothing to hide from an honest evaluation of the facts, and no matter where your exploration may take you, I think it's commendable you are attempting to take an honest crack at figuring out what is and what is not true.
Now on to your post: (Sorry, the quote function isn't working, so I'll have to write it without quotes)
In the bit about the Kalam argument, the flaw in reasoning comes from the unjustified assertion that the cause of the universe is a conscious and all powerful creator being.
Even if we grant the basic argument that:
1: Everything that begins to exist has a cause
2: The universe began to exist
Therefore
3: The universe has a cause
You can only state that the universe has a cause. Nowhere are you justified in attributing characteristics to what that cause is.
People like William Lane Craig try to get around that by claiming that god "didn't begin to exist" and is therefore uncaused. However, he is simply making an unjustified assertion there, and committing a special pleading fallacy.
Going later into your post, you mentioned that the big bang is only hypothetical and can't be proven, that's actually incorrect. We can prove the big bang happened, however as of yet we can't definitively say what caused it to happen.
If you'd like to research more on that, I'd recommend a book by Lawrence Krauss called "A Universe from Nothing", it's also available in audiobook form which makes it a lot quicker and easier to digest I find. Here's a condensed version in lecture form if you want to check it out:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ZiXC8Yh4T0
Getting back on point though, we don't know definitively what "sparked" the big bang. We know the laws of physics allow for the big bang to occur naturally, but we can't definitively prove that's what happened.
But that being said, we have no reason at all to assert that a god did it. Even if a god actually exists and actually sparked the big bang, we still have no justification as of yet to claim that's what happened. We simply don't have the evidence to back that claim. So, to assert it was a god that did it is an argument from ignorance fallacy (unless you can show with evidence that your claim is correct).
Anyway, that's it for now!