Cosmological expansion is currently the accepted best fit explanation for the redshift observed over vast scale (astronomical) distances.
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Scientific objective testing however, leaves little room for beliefs, opinions and plea bargaining. In fact, it is specifically designed to detect, highlight, and neutralise such notions.Michael said:That would depend on what type of "test" you would accept, and which religious concept you're talking about.
As I pointed out in that thread, the reverse can also be true too. Scientists attempt to sweep their mistakes under the rug and engage in denial as well as any theist over religious ideas. The dark matter hypothesis is one such example.
Really? how so? As I understand it, naturalism today implies probabilistic outcomes.
I don't see how naturalism implies that - but I'm not sure what you mean by 'comprehension in the absolute sense'. Perhaps you could explain?
Scientific objective testing however, leaves little room for beliefs, opinions and plea bargaining. In fact, it is specifically designed to detect, highlight, and neutralise such notions.
I think you are conflating two different reasons. Scientists (good ones at least) do not sweep mistakes under the rug. The entire purpose of the scientific method is to continually refine human knowledge. If a scientist fails at something then it's an opportunity to learn something.
However in regards to religion, their information is not refined, only their interpretation of already established informtaion is altered.
As society and science progresses, religion becomes less and less relevant socially and educationally.
People used to point to the bible for their permission to own slaves. Now that that's no longer acceptable socially people try to spin exodus 21 in a way that isn't so, well.... immoral.
As science progresses we find out more information about the universe and how it works, so the account of creation is no longer veiwed as a fact of the universe.
Do you see how science is constantly learning and growing while religion just recycles the same information with different inflections?
But this post is based on having faith in science. So i will address that too. Faith is, by definition, believing something without evidence. Science does not operate on faith. If you put forth a hypothesis or proposition and give your reason for your findings as just faith, you will be justifiably laughed at. There is nothing at all in science that advocates or relies on faith.
Yes, but naturalism doesn't imply determinism, so I was asking you could justify saying "A corollary of naturalism is that the exact same circumstances will always produce exactly the same results".True at the quantum level. Though the behavior of a particle can be generally predicted confidently because most all but one of the probabilities are very low. But more to the point, in the deterministic view, when the conditions acting on the particle are exactly the same, the probabilities of its behavior are exactly the same.
Yes, supernaturalism is intrinsically incomprehensible, but that doesn't mean naturalism is necessarily comprehensible - for example, we have a mathematical model for how quantum mechanics behaves, but we don't yet comprehend its workings.In the natural world matter has certain properties. Which we can observe and elucidate. The behavior of nature has regularity and--as stated above--even at a sub-atomic level can be predicted with generally high accuracy. But how can we ever know anything about entities or forces which are claimed to exist outside the realm of matter/energy and the fundamental laws of nature? Under supernaturalism, anything can happen. The laws of nature can be suspended at any time, in any manner. There is no predictability or regularity. This means that it is impossible to learn or understand the exact mechanisms by which supernatural forces operate.
Yes, supernaturalism is intrinsically incomprehensible, but that doesn't mean naturalism is necessarily comprehensible - for example, we have a mathematical model for how quantum mechanics behaves, but we don't yet comprehend its workings.
In the natural world matter has certain properties. Which we can observe and elucidate. The behavior of nature has regularity and--as stated above--even at a sub-atomic level can be predicted with generally high accuracy. But how can we ever know anything about entities or forces which are claimed to exist outside the realm of matter/energy and the fundamental laws of nature? Under supernaturalism, anything can happen. The laws of nature can be suspended at any time, in any manner. There is no predictability or regularity. This means that it is impossible to learn or understand the exact mechanisms by which supernatural forces operate.
Yes, I'd agree with that.You've stated my point. Yes, there are things we don't yet understand. But if we work at it long enough, and we're clever, (and lucky,) it's possible that we might one day understand them. A universe that is a purely natural entity isn't inherently impossible to comprehend. But the supernatural is impossible to comprehend. Do you see what I'm saying?
Yes, but naturalism doesn't imply determinism, so I was asking you could justify saying "A corollary of naturalism is that the exact same circumstances will always produce exactly the same results".
Yes, supernaturalism is intrinsically incomprehensible, but that doesn't mean naturalism is necessarily comprehensible - for example, we have a mathematical model for how quantum mechanics behaves, but we don't yet comprehend its workings.
So what makes you think that, "Naturalism implies that ... there is nothing that we are incapable of comprehending ..." when we don't comprehend the behaviour of the most basic features of the natural world?
Depends on what form of supernaturalism. Classical Christian metaphysics most certainly view the laws of nature as predictable and understandable--this is why modern science developed in Europe and not in a culture where people did not believe in logic.
You seem to be conflating naturalism with mechanism and determinism, which is not necessarily true, and supernaturalism with anti-realism, which is also not necessarily true.
Not forgetting the considerable pre-Renaissance scientific and mathematical advances of the ancient Asia (China, 'Golden Age' Islam, etc).Actually, science began with the ancient Greeks, way before Christianity. They developed the basic principles of logic. 600 years BC, Thales was already teaching that the world operated by natural processes, and not under the influence of gods. I think it was Eratosthenes who recognized that the Earth was spherical and calculated the circumference within about 10% of the exact measurement. Archimedes, Pythagoras, and Aristotle all did work in natural science. Unfortunately, much of that was ignored or lost when Christianity became dominant. And it took until the Renaissance, 1500 years later, later when science was again appreciated. And even then, we know the established church opposed, and tried to suppress, scientific findings that conflicted with their religious doctrines, i.e., Galileo.
Quite - if the macro-scale world wasn't for-all-intents-and-purposes deterministic, it's hard to see how the world we see could exist...Determinism is an assumption. But it's logical one, if one accepts that the universe is purely a function of matter and energy. It's apparent from observation, and experimentally, that natural phenomena are predictable and regular. Like that heat always flows from a region of greater to lesser intensity. Or that magnets always have 2 poles--one that attracts and one that repels the poles of other magnets. Or that there are physical constants, like the force of the earths' gravitational field, or the mass of a proton at rest. So just by simple inductive logic, it's reasonable to conclude that matter always behaves the same way under the same conditions.
Not forgetting the considerable pre-Renaissance scientific and mathematical advances of the ancient Asia (China, 'Golden Age' Islam, etc).
Quite - if the macro-scale world wasn't for-all-intents-and-purposes deterministic, it's hard to see how the world we see could exist...
The sub-atomic scale seems to be rather different (although that may be an artefact of our perspective).
Actually, science began with the ancient Greeks, way before Christianity. They developed the basic principles of logic. 600 years BC, Thales was already teaching that the world operated by natural processes, and not under the influence of gods. I think it was Eratosthenes who recognized that the Earth was spherical and calculated the circumference within about 10% of the exact measurement. Archimedes, Pythagoras, and Aristotle all did work in natural science.
Unfortunately, much of that was ignored or lost when Christianity became dominant. And it took until the Renaissance, 1500 years later, later when science was again appreciated. And even then, we know the established church opposed, and tried to suppress, scientific findings that conflicted with their religious doctrines, i.e., Galileo.
Determinism is an assumption. But it's logical one, if one accepts that the universe is purely a function of matter and energy.
To add to what @Silmarien has already said, you make quite a few errors.Actually, science began with the ancient Greeks, way before Christianity. They developed the basic principles of logic. 600 years BC, Thales was already teaching that the world operated by natural processes, and not under the influence of gods. I think it was Eratosthenes who recognized that the Earth was spherical and calculated the circumference within about 10% of the exact measurement. Archimedes, Pythagoras, and Aristotle all did work in natural science. Unfortunately, much of that was ignored or lost when Christianity became dominant. And it took until the Renaissance, 1500 years later, later when science was again appreciated. And even then, we know the established church opposed, and tried to suppress, scientific findings that conflicted with their religious doctrines, i.e., Galileo.
Determinism is an assumption. But it's logical one, if one accepts that the universe is purely a function of matter and energy. It's apparent from observation, and experimentally, that natural phenomena are predictable and regular. Like that heat always flows from a region of greater to lesser intensity. Or that magnets always have 2 poles--one that attracts and one that repels the poles of other magnets. Or that there are physical constants, like the force of the earths' gravitational field, or the mass of a proton at rest. So just by simple inductive logic, it's reasonable to conclude that matter always behaves the same way under the same conditions.
HAHAI'm a Neoplatonist myself. (At least on Mondays.)
Science requires faith in authority of its structure, with acceptance thereof if it doesn't contradict your own experience. It doesn't need Faith as wilfull virtue to accept it, which religion requires.
Christianity asks us to abandon ourselves, to give yourself in entirety to God, which would be impossible and unreasonable on the ambivalent terms of scientific reality testing.
Scientific objective testing however, leaves little room for beliefs, opinions and plea bargaining. In fact, it is specifically designed to detect, highlight, and neutralise such notions.