I partly agree with this but I also believe that certain definitions of deities can indeed be tested. For instance, a giant deity who eats a 100 people every day in downtown Manhattan is an example of a falsifiable deity.
I would say that particular theories about deity can be tested. But yes, essentially you are correct. This is one way that theists have tested theories about deity over the centuries and have discarded most of them. The religions we have today are those that survived the falsification process (much like the scientific theories we have today are those that have survived falsification
I think there is such a thing as a militant atheist and I even see Dawkins as being one. However, I don't remember Sagan ever making the claim that science had refuted religion in Cosmos. All I remember him saying, in much the same manner Hawking has, that God was unnecessary to explain the universe.
That last sentence is itself bad science and can only be true if one accepts as true the basic statement of faith of atheism: natural = without God.
Sagan was more subtle. "The Cosmos is all that is or ever was or ever will be." the book Cosmos, pg 5. Then for the book (or series) the Cosmos is spoken only in terms of the physical universe. So Sagan is saying there is nothing but the physical universe. Later Sagan discusses the Hindu concept that the universe is the realized result of a divine dream. Sagan then says "These great ideas are tempered by another, perhaps even greater. It is said that men may not be the dreams of the gods, but rather that the gods are the dreams of men."
"We are, in the most profound sense, children of the Cosmos."
Sagan also espoused scientism:
"Science is not perfect. It's often misused. It's only a tool. But it's the best tool we have, self-correcting, ever changing, applicable to everything." pg 242
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