I'm praying for you and your husband during these difficult times. It sounds like he has some depression or mental illness caused or aggravated by what's going on with him physically. Family counseling is essential. Since he is refusing medication, there is probably a way forward.
A good Christian counselor would be beneficial to you and your children. Your pastor might be able to recommend one. Your kids need to understand that Dad is sick and has a hard time controlling his actions.
As for your husband, any type of counseling he would agree to would help tremendously. Basically he needs to get on his meds and go from there.
I understand where the post counseling divorce was going. However, there might be a clear path to reconciliation in your situation. As long as he is not causing any physical harm to you or the kids, counselors will help your family deal with his hurtful words or actions.
Mental illness does a lot of christian marriages a lot of harm. We all think "It's not supposed to be this way". I'm going to pray for you and your family today. God is so wonderful to those who trust, believe there can be a happy family at the end of the tunnel.
God bless,
LT