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Launched in 2011, the Curiosity Mars rover has been on the surface of Mars for 4000 Martian days as of November 6th, 2012 (sols, as described by astronomers). The rover is powered by a radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG), which uses the heat generated from the decay of radioactive Pu metal to generate electricity for science instruments, cameras, computer circuitry and power the rover's six wheels. The RTG has a minimum guaranteed lifespan of 14 years, so we should expect the rover to continue operating well throughout this decade. So far, the rover has driven 20 miles (32 km) on the cold Martian surface. The rover's wheels show some damage from rocks, but a traction control algorithm was uploaded to the computer onboard the rover.
Rover Diagram
Curiosity Rover by the numbers:
Source 1 - Curiosity rover at 4000 days old: NASA's Curiosity Rover Clocks 4,000 Days on Mars – NASA Mars Exploration
Source 2a - Rover wattage: Curiosity Rover Features Unique Hybrid Power System - News
Source 2b - 800 lumen, 9-watt LED bulb wattage: Choosing the Right Bulb | Smarter House
Source 3 - Speed: Top speed on Mars: 0.1 mph
Source 4 - Curiosity weight & size: Summary | Rover – NASA Mars Exploration
Rover Diagram
Curiosity Rover by the numbers:
- The rover has the equivalent electrical power to light up a dozen 9-watt LED bulbs, for a total power of 110 watts.
- Curiosity has a top speed of a little under 0.1 mph (0.16 km/h) on flat, smooth ground.
- Curiosity weighs 743 lbs on Mars due to reduced gravity. On Earth, Curiosity would weigh 1,982 lbs (899 kg), the weight of a small car.
- The rover is about the same size as a crossover SUV, with a length of 10 feet (3 m), height of 7 ft (2 m) and width of 9 ft (2.7 m).
Source 1 - Curiosity rover at 4000 days old: NASA's Curiosity Rover Clocks 4,000 Days on Mars – NASA Mars Exploration
Source 2a - Rover wattage: Curiosity Rover Features Unique Hybrid Power System - News
Source 2b - 800 lumen, 9-watt LED bulb wattage: Choosing the Right Bulb | Smarter House
Source 3 - Speed: Top speed on Mars: 0.1 mph
Source 4 - Curiosity weight & size: Summary | Rover – NASA Mars Exploration