I believe that God uses time, He could not be outside it for He could not be shocked by man's sins, if He was outside of time He would just know they were going to happen:
Gen 6:5-7 And the Lord saw that the sin of man was great on the earth, and that all the thoughts of his heart were evil. And the Lord had sorrow because he had made man on the earth, and grief was in his heart. And the Lord said, I will take away man, whom I have made, from the face of the earth, even man and beast and that which goes on the earth and every bird of the air; for I have sorrow for having made them.
I do believe that God knows everything that can happen, He can foreknow events. In Artificial Intelligence there is a branch of knowledge called a Decision Tree, it can predict all possible outcomes in a game based upon free will or random choices of players. If we take this concept to God, we can say within creation God can know ahead of time, every possible outcome of free will choices. The level to which He constrains these outcomes is unknown. But some constraints, in the form of stories, may be necessary to reduce, even God's, computational abilities. In reality, God probably uses something other than a Decision Tree to know the future, but a Decision Tree shows we can know all outcomes in advance, yet still, be bound by time.