rural_preacher said:
However, I believe that such a view ignores the clear example provided in God's Word. Baptism always followed repentence and belief.[/quote[
I agree.
[quote[In fact, baptism (immersion) pre-dates Christianity in the Jewish community. It was used as a means of publicly declaring repentence and also conversion to Judiasm. Going under the water symbolized dying to the old way of living; coming up out of the water symbolized new life. We can see this in John's baptism...a baptism of repentence. The Jewish people understood what he was doing because that type of baptism was commonly practiced.
However, paedobaptists would be quick to note that historical documents show that infants were included in pre-christianian Jewish baptism rites.
Jesus instituted baptism for those who are born again by the power of the Holy Spirit through faith in Him because it so perfectly represents His death, burial and resurrection.
Here I would disagree, baptism was instutited for those who profess faith in Christ. One's being born-again is not something someone does (by faith) it is an act of God. Just as we were born the first time, with no help of our own, our second-birth is by the power of God, not in response to something we do, but so that we can even see the kingdom of God. Our response then is to have faith. (John 3:3)
Thus, regeneration occurs first and faith follows. Thus baptism TRULY does represent death, burial and resurrection... its something that comes completely from God, not as a result of works, but by His grace alone.
By the way, baptists are not the only ones who hold to this view and practice. Many other Christian groups practice believer's baptism (immersion). For example, the Assemblies of God.
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Just a note, immersion is not the only means of baptism operated on believers. While I disagree with the other modes, I don't believe the mode is as important as the timing, given special circumstances.
In antiquity people were immersed three times, once for the Father, Son and Spirit. This practice was ceased because some cultic groups had taken that form of Baptism and the church (at that time the Catholic church) decided not to do it that way any more. Eventually sprinkling became the normative mode in the Roman Catholic church and the Reformed churches that came out of her. They base sprinkling on the Biblical examples where blood or water is sprinkled on the altar, or on the people as a means of cleansing. (Heb 9,:21, 10:22, 12:24, 1 Pe 1:2)
I don't find the arguments convincing however, given that John the Baptist, who practiced a forerunner of Christian baptism baptized in a river, and the example of the Ethiopian baptized by Phillip seemingly in a pool of water.
In the Eastern church baptism was by triune affusion (where water is poured over the head). I don't know the history of the Anabaptists sects and their mode of baptism but immersion has been proven through archeological finds to have been practiced from antiquity, as has the other modes. I believe that all three modes (immersion, sprinkling and affusion) have been occuring for a long time.
As to "believers baptism", all churches practice it when it comes to newly believing
adults. Yet I find this amusing since one of the 'proof texts' often used by paedobaptists is:
Act 2:39 "For the promise is for you and your children...
...they nearly always leave off the rest of the verse...
and for all who are far off, as many as the Lord our God will call to Himself."
...the focus is not "you and your children" but "as many as the Lord our God will call to Himself." To be consistent, paedobaptists using this verse would need to baptize
everyone they encounter.