I disagree that Seventh-day Adventists are alone in using that argument, even today. Seventh Day Baptists still categorize the ten commandments as moral and teach that Christians should observe the Sabbath:
Creation and the Law
God so desired that His people know Him that He revealed to them part of His character, known as the Law or Ten Commandments. These ten words of law were God's desire for the Children of Israel and for all humankind.
The fourth of these Commandments points back to creation as the origin of the Sabbath. God commands people to keep the Sabbath because He, Himself kept the Sabbath at creation. God blessed the Sabbath and made it holy by setting the example for all mankind to rest on that day. . . .
Jesus and the Sabbath
The Ten Commandments are an expression of God's very nature and will, which is unchangeable. Jesus Christ did not come to change even the smallest portion of the moral law (Matthew 5:17-18). Some say that Christ changed the Sabbath from the seventh day of the week to the first day of the week. That would require a change in the law.
The moral law says that "the seventh day is the Sabbath" and not the first day of the week. In no place does the Bible tell us of this change in the law from the seventh to the first day of the week.
The Sabbath was the commandment most corrupted by the Pharisees. So, it is not surprising that it was over Sabbath-keeping that Jesus would have most of his conflict with the Pharisees. The Sabbath issue between Christ and the Pharisees is never over which day to worship or over whether the Sabbath was still part of God's desire for man. The issue for Christ was the way in which the Sabbath was being kept and the Pharisees' attitude toward the Sabbath. . . . (
Seventh Day Baptist - Sabbath)
Also, the United Methodist Church's
Articles of Religion includes this statement, dividing the law into categories:
Article VI—Of the Old Testament
The Old Testament is not contrary to the New; for both in the Old and New Testament everlasting life is offered to mankind by Christ, who is the only Mediator between God and man, being both God and Man. Wherefore they are not to be heard who feign that the old fathers did look only for transitory promises.
Although the law given from God by Moses as touching ceremonies and rites doth not bind Christians, nor ought the civil precepts thereof of necessity be received in any commonwealth; yet notwithstanding, no Christian whatsoever is free from the obedience of the commandments which are called moral. (
The Articles of Religion of the Methodist Church V-VIII)
That is almost identical (other than a few differences in capitalization and punctuation) to this statement from the Anglican Communion's
Thirty Nine Articles of Religion:
7. Of the Old Testament.
The Old Testament is not contrary to the New: for both in the Old and New Testament everlasting life is offered to Mankind by Christ, who is the only Mediator between God and Man, being both God and Man. Wherefore they are not to be heard, which feign that the old Fathers did look only for transitory promises. Although the Law given from God by Moses, as touching Ceremonies and Rites, do not bind Christian men, nor the Civil precepts thereof ought of necessity to be received in any commonwealth; yet notwithstanding, no Christian man whatsoever is free from the obedience of the Commandments which are called Moral. (
Anglican Communion Information Service - The Thirty Nine Articles)
In addition, the Presbyterian Church in America still cites the Westminster Confession as a doctrinal standard (
PCA: COF PREFACE). The Constitution of the Presbyterian Church (USA) consists in part of
The Book of Confessions, described on their website as "containing historical statements of what we as a church believe," including the Westminster Confession (
Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) - Office of the General Assembly - The Constitution of the PC(USA);
Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) - Office of the General Assembly - The Book of Order).
While those churches--which are not all Arminian groups--as a matter of practice may not emphasize the ten commandments much anymore, and they certainly don't teach that obedience to the fourth commandment will be the final end-time test of loyalty for true believers (which is unique to Adventism), the idea of categorization of the law is still included in their official documents and websites, so at least on paper they still officially require obedience to the ten commandments.
On a personal note, my current church, which is a Baptist church, does not have a doctrine upholding the ten commandments as a moral law. However, some of the members there believe that the ten commandments are still binding and that Sunday is the Christian Sabbath and that certain activities should not be done on that day, and I've had discussions with them about that. It becomes a problem when some of the kids' teachers promote that view of the law in Sunday School, and I've had to explain to my kids several times what we now believe about it (in as simple terms as I could since they are still very young). It is frustrating to me that that still happens although it is less common in many churches today than it used to be. That's my one major issue with that church although it is not an official teaching. On the other hand, apart from other reasons, I wouldn't feel comfortable joining a Methodist or Presbyterian or Anglican church that still held to that view of the law in their official doctrinal statements. And if I weren't concerned about official belief statements, I could have just remained an Adventist and transferred my membership to my hubby's grandma's progressive Adventist church; that would have made our family relationships a lot less complicated.