As for the relation between God and mathematical/logical "laws", the relationship, I believe, is thus:
First, it is improper to say laws of logic, or "bounds" of logic. Sure, we say it everyday, but if we think a bit more formally about the matter we'll realize no-one is forced to follow them, nor is it possible not to follow them.
So, instead of being laws that bind us, they are observed principles of how things can be, and how they cannot be.
Can there be a married bachelor? No. Could this be different? No.
So, is God subject to these principles, so that even He has some limits?
My answer is no, for two reasons:
-first, going back to my first example, when we speak of illogical things we are actually speaking of nothing at all. We cannot even think of illogical objects (it is possible to fool our minds for a moment and pretend we are picturing a square circle, but in reality we are not). Thus, God can do everything; these things we call illogical are not a part of everything. To speak them is equivalent to remain silent.
-Second, God is not bound by any external law or force because the relations of logic (and therefore mathematics as well) are intrinsical to Him. Logic is a part of God's "nature", and it is impossible that God would be in any way different from what He is (because He is perfect, so to be different from that is to be imperfect).
With this view of logic and reason, it becomes even more clear why sin is always irrational and how the devil is the father of lies (whereas logic and reason never lie), and how we are rightly commanded to love God with all our understanding.
For contradictions are always lies (they can never be true), and so it is true that they are daughters of the fallen angel, whom with his words tries to go against the very essence of the God who created him and us, and endowed us with reason as one path through which we can arrive safely at truth, which is always conducing to Him.