When do you think the Jubilee started? At the stoning of Steven? And why?
Did you mean when Israel first kept the Jubilee in type? or did you mean which year is the actual historical Jubilee year? I'll try to answer what I think you are asking with some of the evidence that I have found. Of course, evidence must be inspired to be genuine evidence, or it must corroborate inspired evidence. The year 34 C. E. was the first year in the second Sabbatical cycle of 7 years, going toward the 50-year Jubilee.
Elijah, the prophet, prophesied that the Son of David would appear on the 85th Jubilee counting from creation.
Isaiah, the prophet, prophesying of this Jubilee, declared that the Spirit of the Lord would anoint the Messiah to set at liberty those who were bound (Isaiah 61:1, 2). Christ declared the Jubilee after reading Isaiah 61:1, 2, in the synagogue on the
Sabbath Day of Atonement by declaring,
"This day is this Scripture fulfilled in your ears." He omitted the phrase,
"and the day of vengeance of our God." since it did not apply to that particular Jubilee year. Then we have
Josephus, the first century Jewish historian All point to spring 27 C.E. to spring 28 C.E. as the historical Jubilee year.
By His fulfillment of the Jubilee, Jesus divided the
Jubilee prophecy of Isaiah 61 into two distinct fulfillments,
To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord, at the beginning of His public ministry at His first coming, and,
the day of vengeance of our God just before His second coming
. In the synagogue on the
Sabbath, the Day of Atonement of the Jubilee year, in the autumn of 27 C.E.,
He proclaimed the Jubilee by reading the Jubilee prophecy of Isaiah 61:1, 2 (Luke 4:16-21). He stopped in the middle of the sentence, omitting the phrase,
and the day of vengeance of our God. (thegreat and dreadful day of the LORD:
Malachi 4:5
) He closed the book and then proclaimed,
This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears. Luke 4:21, thus the Messiah fulfilled the
shadow Sabbath specifications of the Day of Atonement in that Jubilee year by His fulfillment of it on a
7thday Sabbath that Jubilee year.(Also notice the Bible cross-referencing for Luke 4:16-21 and Isaiah 61:1,2 which refer back to the Jubilee prophecy of Leviticus 25:8-10
)
Josephus, the first century Jewish historian, in the book,
JOSEPHUS COMPLETE WORKS, p. 706, begins his list of the ancient Jubilee years with the year,
1787-1786 B.C.E. and ends the list with his last recorded Jubilee year of
27-28 C.E. (spring to spring) the very year that
Jesus proclaimed the Jubilee on the
Day of Atonement, in the autumn of 27 C.E.
The ancient Hebrew calendar (Hillel I) begins the new year with the
new moon after the spring equinox, and ends the following spring with the first new moon after the spring equinox.Later, the Hillel II calendar adopted between 354 C.E. and 360 C.E. began the year with the nearest new moon to the spring equinox, which could be either before it or after it. There were
only 7 months in
this sacred year involving the
sanctuary services, although the count of the months continued until the new moon after the next spring equinox. However, the end of the
seventh month was
generally considered the end of the
sacred year. (Exodus 23:14-17, 34:22-23)
In the
ancient Hebrew writings is recorded an amazing prophecy made by Elijah, the prophet, regarding the appearing of the Messiah in connection with the Jubilee year.
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]
Elijah told Judah, the brother of Sala Hasida, 'The world will endure not less than 85 Jubilees, and on the last Jubilee the Son of David will come. (Sanh.97b) [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]
from the book, [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]
[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]
Sabbatical Year and [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]
Jubilee[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]
[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]
, p. 581-582 (Jewish Synagogue Library)[/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]No one knows exactly how long the earth endured from the creation of the world until man fell into sin,[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]but it would not have been much over the time of two Jubilees (a period of 98 years), as Adam's third son was born when Adam was one hundred and thirty years old[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif](Genesis 5:3) and Abel had just been killed by Cain. [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]From the entrance of sin until the Jubilee year of 27 C.E. when Jesus started His public ministry, could have been about 4067 years or 83 Jubilee cycles, which consequently would have been 85 Jubilees after creation, fitting exactly this recorded prophecy of Elijah.[/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]In these [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]same ancient Hebrew writings[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] is stated, [/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]The sages ... reckoned the historical order and the end of time by Sabbatical Years and Jubilees.[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]from the book, [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]Sabbatical Year and Jubilee[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] , p. 581 (Jewish Synagogue Library)[/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]Israel counted 17 Jubilees from the time they entered the land to the time they left it (Ar. 12b). [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]from the book,[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]Sabbatical Year and Jubilee[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] , p. 581 (Jewish Synagogue Library) [/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]God's instruction to Moses was that they should begin the count of the Jubilee cycle, from the time they entered the land of Canaan.[/FONT]
[FONT=Times New Roman, serif]Speak unto the children of Israel, and [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]say unto them[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif], [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]When ye come into the land[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] which I give you,[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] then shall the [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]land keep a Sabbath[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] unto the LORD. Six years thou shalt sow thy field,[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] and gather in the fruit thereof[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]; But in the seventh year shall be a [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]Sabbath of rest unto the land[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif], ... thou shalt number [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]seven Sabbaths of years unto thee, seven times seven years[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]; and the space of the [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]seven Sabbaths of years[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif] shall be unto thee [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]forty and nine years[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]...Then shalt thou cause the trumpet of the Jubilee to sound on the [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]tenth day of the seventh month,...And ye shall hallow the fiftieth year[/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif], and proclaim liberty... [/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman, serif]Leviticus 25:2-4, 9, 10 [/FONT]
Christ's
fulfillment of the Jubilee on the 7thday Sabbath, the Day of Atonement of that Jubilee year, in the autumn of 27 C.E., gives us the interpretation of the final fulfillment of the Jubilee,
the day of vengeance of our God, Isaiah 61:1, 2, which will, also, occur on the
Day of Atonement, on a 7thday Sabbath of a future Jubilee year.