Danthemailman
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- Jul 18, 2017
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In regard to eating His flesh and drinking His blood, Jesus explains the sense of the entire passage when He says, "It is the Spirit who gives life; the flesh profits nothing. The words that I speak to you are spirit, and they are life." (John 6:63) As Jesus was accustomed, He used figurative language to emphasize these spiritual truths.Fellowship with Jesus is, firstly, salvatory, and secondly, John ch. 6 expressly declares that eating the Body and Blood of our Lord is a requirement for salvation. (John 6:53-66; this statement was, it turns out, almost as unpopular among the followers of our Lord in 33 AD as it is now, with libraries of books having been written since the 16th century in an attempt to deny that Christ our God meant what he said in chapter 6 literally, as is reflected in 1 Corinthians 11 and in the synoptic Institution Narratives).
None of that is true outside of the Roman Rite and its various Western Protestant derivatives. In most of the ancient Christian liturgies, the bride and groom do not perform the sacrament of Holy Matrimony on each other, but are united into one flesh by being crowned and drinking of a common chalice by the Bishop or Presbyter. For this reason the liturgy of Matrimony and the Byzantine and Slavic Coronation liturgy (which was the same whether in Constantinople, Belgrade, Moscow, Sofia or Bucharest) is almost identical, and in all the Eastern churches the sacrament of Holy Matrimony is referred to as Crowning.
However, liturgical parallels aside, Zwinglianism also collapses under the weight of the same scripture Martin Luther properly carved into the table at the Marburg Colloquy around 500 years ago, as our Lutheran friends @ViaCrucis @Ain't Zwinglian and @MarkRohfrietsch will confirm - HOC EST CORPUS MEUM.
”THIS IS MY BODY.”
Not, “This is a symbol of my body,” or “This is a memorial of my body“ or “This will become my body when you receive it in your mouth” but “This is my body,” present tense, and “This is my blood.”
And the word translated as remembrance in the original Greek is Anamnesis, which has a more complex meaning, akin to recapitulation - for it is the belief of traditional Christians who believe in the real presence that we are participating in the Lord’s Supper with Christ our God.
It should also be noted that the reason why we usually practice closed or semi-closed communion (at a minimum limiting participation to the baptized in all but the most liberal of Anglican parishes, and in Orthodox and Lutheran parishes admitting only those whose membership in the Church is certain for our clergy, who will have to offer an account), is found in 1 Corinthians 11:27-34; since it is the body and blood of our Lord, we do not want to partake of it unworthily, and be among those ill or reposed St. Paul warns us of.
Thus, there is a Scriptural imperative for the Real Presence and partaking the Eucharist to receive Salvation, and to reject Zwinglianism, but since in Orthodoxy we are not Sola Scriptura, the weight of tradition also applies and when we examine the liturgical history of the Christian church, well, the interesting fact is that all ancient liturgies have a text called the Epiklesis, except for the Roman Canon (but it has equivalent features) which requests the Holy Spirit to descend and change the elements of bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Christ our God. Indeed, I cannot tell you of any which lack this feature in some form, for prior to the Restoration, they did not exist; the closest would be the Roman Canon, but since obviously the Roman Catholics believe in the Real Presence and the Real Change that also doesn’t change anything from a historical perspective; there is no evidence of a systemic lack of belief in the physical presence of Christ in the Eucharist being common among Christians until the Calvinist, Zwinglian and Anglican churches, although the Calvinists at least admitted a spiritual presence (some say Theodore of Mopsuestia denied the reality of the physical presence, but this is not true, for (a) he wrote a liturgy with a very strong Epiklesis and (b) expressed the interesting belief that the Prothesis, that is, the traditional liturgy of preparation that is the common patrimony of all the ancient Eastern chuches - Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and the Church of the East, inaccurately called the Nestorians, although only the latter venerates Theodore as a saint for Nestorius used aspects of his theology to reinforce the Nestorian heresy, well Theodore taught that the Prothesis changes the bread and wine into the crucified body and blood of Christ and then the Epiclesis causes them to become the resurrected Body and Blood of our Lord, which is interesting; not doctrinal even in the Church of the East which venerates him since its a bit odd, but definitely not a denial of the real presence, but rather, it represents the most eccentric view on the Eucharist one would find in any church prior to the 16th century.
Indeed, the main gripe of the Proto-protestant retro-Orthodox Moravians led by St. Jan Hus and St. Jerome of Prague, who are venerated by the Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia as martyrs, was the lack of communion in both kinds for the laity and the lack of a vernacular liturgy, which the Czechs and Slovaks had enjoyed before they were conquered and forcibly placed under Roman clergy by the Austrians in 1200 AD ( about 5 years before the evil and decadent Venetian Republic redirected the Fourth Crusade from the Holy Land to Constantinople).
Jesus is not speaking of cannibalism here, but believing in Jesus Christ unto salvation, as He makes abundantly clear by repeating the same truths both in figurative and plain language.
Compare for example the following verses:
John 6:47 - Most assuredly, I say to you, he who believes in Me has everlasting life.
John 6:58 - He who eats this bread will live forever.
“He who believes” in Me is equivalent to “he who eats this bread” and the result is the same, eternal life.
The parallel is also seen in verses 40 and 54:
John 6:40 - Everyone who sees the Son and believes in Him may have everlasting life; and I will raise him up at the last day.
John 6:54 - Whoever eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day.
John 6 does not support transubstantiation. On the contrary, it is a statement on the primacy of faith as the means by which we receive the grace of God. (Romans 5:1-2) Jesus is the Bread of Life; we eat of Him and are satisfied when we believe in Him unto salvation.
Bread represents the "staff of life." Sustenance. That which essential to sustain life. Just as bread or sustenance is necessary to maintain physical life, Jesus is all the sustenance necessary for spiritual life.
The source of physical life is blood -- "life is in the blood." As with the bread, just as blood is the empowering or source of life physically, Jesus is all the source of spiritual life necessary.
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