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1 Peter 3:
Peter continued the explanation in the next chapter, but then he switched to the present tense, 1 Peter 4:
The aorists direct our thoughts to some definite occasion. Time or tense is not always in the past. They are done on the last day of a person's life, corresponding to the last day of the current creation for everyone.
Who are these dead people?
These dead people refer to:
i.e., those who knew God and those who didn't18 For Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous,
What did Peter mean by "spirits in prison"?that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit, 19 in which he went and proclaimed [aorist indicative] to the spirits in prison, 20a because they formerly did not obey, when God’s patience waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was being prepared.
Peter continued the explanation in the next chapter, but then he switched to the present tense, 1 Peter 4:
At this point, Peter addressed people who were alive at his time.4 With respect to this they are surprised when you do not join them in the same flood of debauchery, and they malign you.
When are the preaching and judging performed?5 but they will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead. 6 For this is why the gospel was preached [Aorist Indicative] even to those who are dead, that though judged [Aorist Subjunctive] in the flesh the way people are, they might live in the spirit the way God does.
The aorists direct our thoughts to some definite occasion. Time or tense is not always in the past. They are done on the last day of a person's life, corresponding to the last day of the current creation for everyone.
Who are these dead people?
These dead people refer to:
- The deceased patriarchs and the Old Testament saints. (Papists' Limbus)
- The people who died in Noah's flood long ago.
- Those who are alive but spiritually dead. (Amplified Bible)
- The good Christians who died as martyrs.
- All the dead and all will head to heaven eventually. (Origen, universal salvation)
- Some dead people at the time. Some to heaven, others to hell.
- A selected (or elected) group of dead people who never heard of the gospel when alive but would believe if they heard it.
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