(CLV) Ja 2:17
Thus, also, is faith, if it should not have works: it is dead by itself.
Keep in mind that James is talking about an empty profession of faith/dead faith and not authentic faith. In James 2:14, we read of one who
says/claims he has faith but has
no resulting evidential works (to validate his claim). That is not genuine faith, but a
bare profession of faith. So when James asks, "Can
that faith save him?" he is saying nothing against genuine faith, but only against an
empty profession of faith/dead faith. So James
does not teach that we are saved "by" works. His concern is to
show the reality of the faith professed by the individual (James 2:18) and demonstrate that the faith claimed (James 2:14) by the individual is genuine.
(CLV) Ja 2:18
But someone will be declaring, "You |have faith and I have works." Show me your faith apart from the works and I shall be showing you my faith by my works.
James is discussing the
evidence of faith (
says-claims to have faith but has no works/I will show you my faith by my works - James 2:14-18) and
not the initial act of being accounted as righteous with God. (Romans 4:2-6)
(CLV) Ja 2:19
You/ are believing that God is one. Ideally are you doing. The demons also are believing and are shuddering.
In James 2:19, we see that the demons believe "mental assent" that "there is one God," but they
do not believe in/have faith in/trust in/reliance in Christ unto salvation. In other words, they
do not believe on the Lord Jesus Christ (Acts 16:31)
and are not saved. Their trust and reliance is in Satan (and not in Christ) as demonstrated by their rebellion in heaven and continuous evil works.
(CLV) Ja 2:20
Now are you wanting to know, O empty man, that faith apart from works is dead?
"Faith without works is dead" does not mean that faith is dead until it produces works and then it becomes a living faith or that works are the source of life in faith or that we are saved by works. That would be like saying that a tree is dead until it produces fruit and then it becomes a living tree and the fruit is the source of life in the tree. James is simply saying
faith that is not accompanied by evidential works demonstrates that it's dead. If someone merely
says-claims (key word) they have faith
yet lack resulting evidential works, then they have an
empty profession of faith/dead faith and not authentic faith.
(CLV) Ja 2:21
Abraham, our father, was he not justified by works when offering up his son Isaac on the altar?
Notice closely that James does not say that Abraham's work of offering up Isaac resulted in God accounting Abraham as righteous. The accounting of Abraham's faith as righteousness was made in Genesis 15:6,
many years before his work of offering up Isaac recorded in Genesis 22. The work of Abraham did not have some kind of intrinsic merit to account him as righteous, but it
showed or manifested the genuineness of his faith. That is the "sense" in which Abraham was "justified by works." He was
shown to be righteous.
(CLV) Ja 2:22
You are observing that faith worked together with his works, and by works was faith perfected.
Faith made perfect or complete by works means bring to maturity, to complete like love in 1 John 4:18. It doesn't mean that Abraham was finally saved based on merits of his works after he offered up Isaac on the altar in Genesis 22. When Abraham performed the good work in Genesis 22; he
fulfilled the expectations created by the pronouncement of his faith in Genesis 15:6.
(CLV) Ja 2:23
And fulfilled was the scripture which is saying, Now "Abraham believes God, and it is reckoned to him for righteousness," and he was called "the friend of God."
The scripture was fulfilled in vindicating or demonstrating that Abraham believed God and was accounted as righteous. Abraham was
accounted as righteous based on his faith (Genesis 15:6)
not his works (Romans 4:2-3)
long before he offered up Isaac on the altar in Genesis 22.
(CLV) Ja 2:24
You see that by works a man is being justified, and not by faith only.
As I already stated in post #53, James is not using the word "justified" here to mean "accounted as righteous" but is
shown to be righteous. Again, James is discussing the
evidence of faith (
says-claims to have faith but has no works/I will show you my faith by my works -
James 2:14-18) and
not the initial act of being accounted as righteous with God. (
Romans 4:2-3) Works bear out the justification that already came by faith.
In the Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, the Greek word for justified "dikaioo" #1344 is:
1. to render righteous or such he ought to be
2.
to show, exhibit, evince, one to be righteous, such as he is and wishes himself to be considered
3. to declare, pronounce, one to be just, righteous, or such as he ought to be
In Matthew 12:37, we read - "For by your words you will be
justified, and by your words you will be condemned." This is because our words (and our works) reveal the condition of our hearts. Words/works are evidences for, or against a man being in a state of righteousness.
God is said to have been
justified by those who were baptized by John the Baptist (
Luke 7:29). This act pronounced or declared God to be righteous. It did not make him righteous. The basis or ground for the pronouncement was the fact that God IS righteous. Notice that the NIV reads,
"acknowledged that God's way was right.." The ESV reads,
"they declared God just.." That is the "sense" in which God was "justified." He was
shown to be righteous.
Matthew 11:19 "The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, 'Behold, a gluttonous man and a drunkard, a friend of tax-gatherers and sinners!' Yet wisdom is
justified/vindicated/shown to be right by her deeds."
(CLV) Ja 2:25
Now likewise, was not Rahab the prostitute also justified by works when entertaining the messengers and ejecting them by a different way?
Rahab believed in the Lord with authentic faith (Joshua 2:9-13), requested "kindness" (2:12), received the promise of kindness (2:14), and hung out the "scarlet line" (2:21), as the
demonstration of her authentic faith. She
showed that her faith in God was not a dead faith by her works, just as all genuine believers show theirs. (James 2:18)
(CLV) Ja 2:26
For even as the body apart from spirit is dead, thus also faith apart from works is dead.
The comparison here of the body and the spirit and faith converges around their modes of operation. The spirit (Greek pneuma) may also be translated "breath."
As a breathless body exhibits no indication of life, so fruitless faith exhibits no indication of life. The source of the life in faith is not works; rather, life in faith is the source of works. (Ephesians 2:5-10)