John 17:3 - And
this is eternal life, that they may
know You, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom You have sent (which is an intimate, experiential knowledge, found only in a relationship). The term "know" implies intimate, experiential knowledge, through a relationship with Him, not merely theoretical knowledge.
I completely agree John 17:3 is speaking about about eternal life being intimate and experiential knowledge through a relationship with God and with Jesus, so when Matthew 19:17 says that the way to enter eternal life is through obeying God's commandments, then that means that God's commandments are His instructions for how to intimately and experientially know Christ through having a relationship with him. In 1 John 2:4, those who say that they know Christ, but don't obey His commands are liars and the truth is not in them, and in 1 John 3:4-6, sin is lawlessness and those who continue to practice sin have neither seen nor known him. In Matthew 7:21-23, Jesus said that he would tell those who were workers of lawlessness to depart from him because he never knew them, so again, God's law is His instructions for how to experientially know Christ. In Jeremiah 9:3 and 9:6, they did not experientially know God and refused to know Him because in 9:13, they had forsaken the Mosaic Law, while in 9:24, those who experientially know God know that He delights in practicing steadfast love, justice, and righteousness is all the earth, so delighting in expressing those and other aspects of God's character through our obedience to the Mosaic Law is the way to experientially know God.
In John 5:39-40, Jesus said that that they searched Scriptures because they think that in them they will find eternal life, and that the Scriptures testify about him, but they refuse to come to him that they may have life. According to Matthew 19:17, eternal life can be found in Scriptures and the Pharisees were correct to search for it there, but they needed to recognize that the goal of everything in Scriptures is to testify about how to experientially know Christ and come to him for eternal life. In Philippians 3:8, Paul was in the same boat as the Pharisees, where he had been keeping the law, but without having a focus on knowing Christ, so he had been missing the whole goal of the law and counted it all as rubbish. In Romans 10:4, it is speaking about a relationship with Christ being the goal of the law for righteousness for everyone who has faith.
This is not about salvation by grace plus law, faith plus works.
Philippians 3:9 - and be found in Him,
not having my own righteousness, which is from the law, but that which is
through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith. In
Titus 2:11-14, the grace of God that brings salvation has "appeared to all men." (Yet that does not mean that all men will accept God's gift of eternal life through faith). God's grace (enabling power) is unmerited and brings salvation through faith (
Ephesians 2:8) and in
Titus 2:11-12, the "grace of God" also teaches us to deny ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously and godly in the present age. Jesus certainly gave Himself for us to redeem us from every lawless deed, and to purify for Himself a people for His own possession, eager for good deeds. Apart from the blood of Jesus, this is not possible and even though we are saved by grace through faith, not works, we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand that we should walk in them. (
Ephesians 2:10)
In not grace plus law or faith plus works, but rather God teaching us to obey His law is how He shows His grace to us and obeying His law is what faith looks like. In Psalms 119:29, David wanted God to be gracious to him by teaching him to obey His law, in Romans 1:5, we have received grace in order to bring about the obedience of faith, and again in Titus 2:11-14, our salvation is described as being trained by grace to do thing that God's law was given to instruct how to do, so God teaching us to live in obedience His law is itself the content of His free gift of salvation from living in disobedience to His law. To use an analogy, if a profession musician were to teach me how to play an instrument as a free gift to me, then the training itself would be the content of their free gift and participating in that training would be doing nothing to earn it, but rather that is what it would look like to receive it.
The life of discipleship flows out of the new command, to love one another as He loved us (
John 13:34), which Paul refers to as the "law of Christ." (
Galatians 6:2) Love fulfills the law (
Romans 13:8-10). We are not under the law of Moses and will not be justified by the law. (
Galatians 2:16)
In Matthew 22:36-40, Jesus summarized the Mosaic Law as being about how to love god and how to love our neighbor, so obedience to it is what it looks like to love one another as He loved us. God is not in disagreement with Himself about which laws we should follow, so the Law of Christ is the same as the Law of the Spirit and the Law of the Father, which was given to Moses. Christ set a sinless example for us to follow of how to walk in obedience to the Mosaic Law and did not hypocritically preach something other than what he practiced, so it wouldn't make sense to think that the Law of Christ was something other than the Mosaic Law, which we are under if we are under the two greatest commandments. If someone's obedience to the greatest two commandments does not look like obedience to God's other commandments, then they are not treating the greatest two commandments as being the fulfillment of the other commandments. However, the Mosaic Law was never given for the purpose of earning our justification, so I agree we do not earn our justification by obeying it, though Galatians 2:16 is speaking about works of the law rather than about the Mosaic Law.
Apart from faith in Christ and the blood of Jesus, all of our sins would remain and in the eyes of God we would all be seen as workers of lawlessness.
I agree, though God's law was never intended to be obeyed apart from faith in Christ, especially because Christ said that faith is one of the weightier matters of the law (Matthew 23:23).
Keep in mind that nobody has perfectly obeyed all of God's commandments, except for the Lord Jesus Christ. In regards to the rich young man in
Matthew 19:17, Jesus exposed him as falling short of keeping even the first commandment (
Exodus 20:3) which is the first of the two great commandments (
Deuteronomy 6:5;
Matthew 22:37). The rich young ruler confidently and (self righteously) declared that he has kept the commandments from his youth up and qualified for heaven under those terms. Yet Jesus knew the man's wealth had become his idolatrous god, which kept him from believing in Jesus unto salvation.
The rich young ruler missed the point that Jesus was making, failed to place his faith in Jesus for salvation, and continued instead to trust in his riches (vs. 21-23). The young man went away sad because he could not part from his great wealth, not even in exchange for eternal life.
In
1 John 2:3-4, we read - By this
we know that we have come to know Him, (already know Him/already saved/demonstrative evidence) if we "keep" (Greek word "tereo" which means guard, observe, watch over) His commandments. 4 The one who says, “I have come to know Him,” and does not "keep" (guard, observe, watch over) His commandments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him.
In Deuteronomy 30:11-20, it says that God's law is not too difficult to obey and that obedience brings life and a blessing while disobedience brings death and a curse, so choose life! So it was presented as a possibility and as a choice, not as the need for perfect obedience. If we needed to have perfect obedience for some strange reason, then that would mean that God essentially gave the Mosaic Law with the goal of cursing His children when in reality it was given for our own good in order to bless us (Deuteronomy 6:24, 10:12-13). Repentance doesn't change the fact that we have all fallen short of perfect obedience, so the fact that repentance has value demonstrates that perfect obedience was never a requirement for us. In Romans 3:21-22, it doesn't say that the Law and the Prophets testify that the righteousness of God comes through perfect obedience, but rather they testify that it comes through faith in Christ for everyone who believes, so this has always been the one and only means of becoming righteous. In Genesis 6:8-9, Noah found grace in the eyes of God and was a righteous man, so he was declared righteous by grace through faith by the same means as everyone else. God had no purpose in providing an alternative and unobtainable means of becoming righteous by having perfect obedience when a perfectly good means was already in place, so even if someone managed to have perfect obedience to the Mosaic Law, then they still would not earn their righteousness because it was never given for that purpose.