As many scriptures that testify of Christ beforehand

Genesis 3:15 is first mention of God’s promised redeemer…. it says “And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed, he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heal.”

First let me offer my view here and then we will follow this promise to its conclusion in light of Christ and then I will move to another…

My understanding of the Hebrew here is that the seed can be taken as singular or plural (just as the word offspring) but when referring to the seed of the woman, a singular male pronoun is associated. That this is correct is only born out later as the scriptures unfold as referring to this “seed”.

Yet it would be unheard of in that day for people to think of women having “seed”. This concept one only associated with men or God and in this passage no father is mentioned. Why not a seed of Adam? Well as we know that is because He is not! But a controversy arises because if this “seed” is being used as the idea of the generation of life like by sperm, then the same hermeneutic must apply to the Serpent’s “seed” but as scripture unfolds we see he has no biological offspring. Therefore the usage refers to followers or those who come after and not necessarily a physical relative…

When the Serpent bruises the woman’s seed it is said he bruises his heel (that aspect of him lowest and closest to the earth) but of the serpents seed his head is bruised (the place of planning, authority, determination, etc.,) but before I get deeper than what you need let’s move on….

The “seed” promise in Genesis 15:18-20 physically passes on to the future offspring of Abraham, then to Isaac (Genesis 21:12), then later to one of Jacob’s sons (Judah) through whom is born King David which brings us to the next link in the chain. 1 Chronicles 17:11-15 tells us that YHVH declares
11 And it shall come to pass, when your days have been fulfilled that you must go to be with your fathers, that I will raise up your seed after you, which shall be of your sons; and I will establish his kingdom. 12 He will build me a house, and I will stablish his throne forever. 13 I will be his father, and he shall be my son: and I will not take my mercy away from him, as I took it from him that was before you: 14 But I will settle him in my house and in my kingdom forever: and his throne shall be established for evermore. 15 According to all these words, and according to all this vision, so did Nathan speak unto David.

1 Chronicles 17:11-15, from within the tribe of Judah, YHVH by His Spirit, through the Prophet Nathan, tells King David that God is going to set up “a seed“ after David’s time who will be a “son of David“ (a common Rabbinical tag for Messiah from that time right up until the present), and that God Himself is going to establish this seed’s Kingdom and his throne will last “forever” (see Genesis 49:10, and Isaiah 9:6). God also declares, “I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me for a Son“ (1 Chronicles 17:13), and he will have the mercy of God forever; he will settle in God’s house, and in God’s Kingdom forever. Note how this Chronicler applies the older Rabbinical “sense” regarding this seed to be “a seed“, and again, as a male! So from this we know that the seed is a particular male, so now let us hope to narrow it down even further, shall we?

We know that the Holy Spirit is not alluding to King Solomon here, as some have conjectured. How? We know this for a number of reasons, the first of which is the fact that as David’s immediate son, he is not “after“ David’s time, but is in fact during it. Secondarily, though he built a house for God, it in no wise lasted forever, and neither did his kingdom, for it only lasted only until the evil King Johoiakim (Jeremiah 22), when through him, Solomon’s line was cut off from the promise to the throne. Solomon had defiled the Kingship of Israel by sinking into gross idolatry near the end of his life, and planted his own seed of idolatry which in the end caused the division and demise of David’s united kingdom, and eventually the very diaspora of Israel that History so accurately records. May the Lord have mercy on his soul, and on ours! I can only hope that Solomon was trusting in God’s future provision for sin, the Messiah, who was to be the LORD’s salvation! Interestingly, the physical genealogy of Jesus is through David’s son Nathan not Solomon (by Mary). Legally he had Solomon’s lone covered through Joseph but physically through Nathan.

Even the early Jews knew this was speaking of Messiah. For instance, The ‘Pesikta Rabbati’ (alluding to a mystery hidden from ha’Satan) has Elohim say to the old Serpent, “This light is kept for Him who shall put you to shame“. Then the Father shows him Messiah, i.e., the Son, and Satan declares, “Verily this is Messiah who shall bruise me and all the princes of the angels of the people…!” Rabbi David Kimchi, centuries after Jesus, again identifies this “seed of David“ to be the coming one of Daniel 9, and King Messiah, while both the Targum Jonathan, and the Midrash Rabbah, tie in that this child who was to be the one born in Bethlehem of Judea, who is also the “Son given“ of Isaiah 9:6, and is in fact “the Lord“!

Now the passage referring to His birth in Bethlehem reveals an interesting curiosity that many miss. This “son of David” born in Bethlehem (as a human baby) is said to have been coming forth from everlasting. The scripture tells us this one now being born of a woman has come many times before. Hebrew and rabbinical commentary also bears this understanding out so it os not just some invention of the Christians.

The Targum Jonathan ben-Uzziel points out that, “Out of you Bethlehem shall the Messiah go forth before me to exercise dominion over Israel, whose shem has been spoken of old, even from Eternity.“

In another Jewish work called the “Mashmiah Yeshua“, the wise sage Abarbanel declared, “O’thou Bethlehem Ephrata…out of you shall come forth unto Me a Man, a Ruler in Israel whose goings forth from the days of old…that is from the seed of David…who was of Bethlehem of Judah.”

Then in Luke 2:11 we read “Today, in the city of David (Bethlehem), is born unto you the Savior, who is Messiah, the Lord.“

And in Galatians Paul shares “Now to Abraham and his Seed were the promises made. He does not say seeds as of many, but as of one, “and to your Seed“, who is Messiah“

So that is a smattering regarding that which falls under the rule of first mention…now I will go to another unless you wish me to stop…

In His love
Brother Paul

Compare Deut. 18:18 to Acts 3:22 which speaks of a Prophet (like Moses) who will speak what the Lord speaks and do what the Lord does (which Jesus continually claims about Himself). Like Moses He not only redeems and saves God's chosen ones (Jews and Gentiles of faith) and brings them into newness of life, but institutes a Covenant. The New covenant in His own blood.

Also In verse 7 of Psalm 2, which many of the ancient Rabbis agree is speaking of the Messiah, the Scripture says, “You are my Son, this day I have begotten you.“ They commented that this was not referring to David, but rather to the coming one who would be like him. It is of this Son, that the early Targumim say, “Behold the days come, says the LORD, that I will raise up…Messiah, and He shall reign as King…“! The Zohar agrees in Genesis F61.88 that the Messiah is the Eternal Son when it says, “This is the faithful Shepherd, of who it is said ‘Kiss the Son‘, you are the Prince of the Israelites, the Lord of all the earth…the Son of the Most High, the Son of the Holy God…and the gracious Shekinah.“ Knowing this, can we still say or think this is some later Christian evolution?

In the Babylonian Talmud, Rabbi Huni declared his belief that, “This man is the King Messiah, of who it is said ‘This day I have begotten thee“, and Onkelos, the wise proselyte, in his Targum, connects Messiah this Son, with the specially promised “Seed“, when he says, “I will put enmity between you and the Woman, and between your son, and her son. He will remember you, and what you did to Him at the beginning, and you shall be observant unto Him at the end.“ Yet sadly most of these men died never seeing that Jesus was the only fulfillment of all these things.

Yo will have to pardon me if these are a bit disjointed as I am not following a chronological list but remembering these things from my early years...and referring to old notes.


Paul

Isaiah 9:6 reveals the name (shem) of the Son when it says, “His shem shall be called, Wonderful (pele’, a worker of miraculous things), Counselor (one who comes alongside to help and guide; a mediator, an advocate), He shall be called the Mighty God (for He and the Father are Echad), and the eternal Father (progenitor of the Creation), and He will be the Ruler or Prince of Shalom, and it is written that in Him, the Throne of David is His forever. Amen? Amen!

The Holy Spirit again speaking of Messiah says in Psalm 89:27, “I also make him the firstborn, the highest of the Kings of all the Earth.“ So here we see that Messiah is none other than the King of all kings, the Lord above all lords. In the Torah this title is given only to YHVH but no Rabbi questions this.

The Scriptures tell us that no man has seen God at any time for He is a life giving Spirit. Jesus revealed to us that no one has ever seen the Father, neither has anyone ever heard His voice. He tells us instead that “the only begotten Son has declared Him,” or made Him manifest! What this seemingly implies is that, throughout the Tanakh, whenever YHVH seemed to "appear" unto mankind, it was actually YHVH/the Son, and not YHVH/the Father. Before Jesus came and made our reconciliation possible, YHVH/the Father was unknowable and utterly transcendent. The only understanding of the LORD as “Father” was in His role as creator, but the role as a personal relationship was unknowable.

But wait, there is only one YHVH! The Father not being the Son, nor the Son the Father, it was the Word (Memra/Son) who was known to the ancient Jewish sages as the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, before His incarnation. The Father has in turn given unto Him all authority, and made Him to be King above all kings. It is written that all authority has been given unto Him both in heaven and on the earth! Daniel speaks of this as well. Listen to what Daniel prophecies in Daniel 7...” I saw in the night, visions, and, behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him. And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.”


Paul

In Zechariah 12, the Prophet is talking about events that will not even happen until the as yet future. However, the central focus of this chapter, the epitome or climax if you will, is about the one who comes on the clouds in Glory to destroy the enemies of God. The Rabbis have always considered this a messianic passage. It is none other than the one who is like David yet was as much his root as his offshoot. In verse 10 we read,
“And I (YHVH) will pour out on the House of David and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the Spirit of grace and supplication, and they shall look upon Him (some translators say “Me&#8220 whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him as an only son…as one grieves for a firstborn son…”.

In the passage mentioned above, many Rabbis of old agreed that YHVH Himself is speaking, and that He is referring to Himself as the one whom we have pierced. Modern Rabbis want to always translate “pierced” as “run through” because they want to avoid the natural connection this implies to the Jesus events, but still we must ask, when have we ever run YHVH through, or pierced YHVH? Well the qualifying phrase clears this up. It is YHVH the Ben-yachid, Messiah ben-Yosef, who it has been said would be slain just before the fall of the second Temple, before the sacrificial system ceased (Daniel 9), only this is about when He returns. They are mourning for His firstborn Son.

Now whether or not one believes Messiah is YHVH, in this prophecy of Zechariah, it is revealed that the very scion of David, who will come in the clouds (Daniel 7), is also the pierced one (Isaiah 53)! This is very important, because it was written centuries before Jesus was even born. This means the one Messiah (Christ in the Greek) comes upon the plane of human affairs at least twice. This also is the doctrine we preach when we say that He is coming again. When Messiah ben-David comes on the clouds, everyone, even the non-believing Jewish people (for many also believe), will realize that this is who Jesus was. We slew Him when He came first to make an atonement (Isaiah 53), and it was by this slaying He could be counted as YHVH’s offering for sin. At that time they will all realize that it was He who was the “Prince“ mentioned in Daniel 9, who was sent to be "cut off" (see also Isaiah 53:8). The very one who’s hands and feet were pierced, and who was run through with a Roman spear (Psalm 22)! Will you really wait until then to accept what He has done for you? If you do, it may be too late!

The Jewish Targum on the Minor Prophets says “the nations pierced Messiah the son of Ephraim“, and indeed we did. It was our sin that killed Him. But make no mistake, as YHVH He foreknew this would happen. He willfully laid down His own life for us because He first loved us, and no one could take this from Him. Even the Talmud says about the one they call Messiah ben-Yosef, that, “he bore our iniquities" (Isaiah 53)! In the Babylonian Talmud, Sukkah 52a, Rabbi Dosa confirms that Zechariah 12:10 refers to the slaying of Messiah ben-Yosef, and finally, as late as the twelfth century, Rabbi Ibn Ezra interprets it like this: “All the heathen shall look to me to see what I shall do to those who pierced Messiah, son of Joseph.“ But even then they could not see this was Y’shua/Jesus.


Sixteenth century Rabbi Moses Alshekh once wrote paraphrasing YHVH, “I will do yet a third thing and that is that ‘ they shall look unto me ‘, for they shall lift up their eyes unto me in perfect repentance, when they see him whom they pierced, that is Messiah, son of Joseph; for our Rabbis of blessed memory, have said that he will take upon himself the guilt of Israel, and then shall be slain in the war to make an atonement, in such a manner that it shall be accounted as if Israel had pierced him, for on account of their sin he died, and therefore, in order that it may be reckoned to them as a perfect atonement, they will repent, and look to the Blessed One, saying that there is none besides Him to forgive those that mourn on account of him who died for their sin: this is the meaning of “they shall look upon Me.“ The ME is YHVH....who is speaking!


Paul

Another important metaphor we find in the Hebrew Scriptures for this pre-eminent So/Messiah is concept of "the Branch"! As the Branch of Jesse, He is the son of Jesse (Isaiah 11). As the Branch of David, He’s the messianic “son of David” (Zechariah 3, 6, 9, 12). And as the Branch of YHVH (Isaiah 4:2), He is the Son of YHVH! It is to Him that Jacob (the unbelieving Israelites) shall one day return (Isaiah 10:21). He will be both our King, and the true High Priest of God, after the order of Melchizedek (Zechariah 6:12-13) and His Kingdom (Rulership/Lordship) will be from everlasting to everlasting.

Isaiah 11:11 reveals that it is the Branch (the Natzar or Nazar) of YHVH, that comes to Judge, when He comes the second time. Jeremiah 23:5, says that this “Branch” (the tsemech of David), is the King Himself, the true King, and when He comes, He will execute Judgment in Righteousness. But why would the Prophet Jeremiah call this Branch by God’s own name, YHVH-Tzedkenu, “the Lord our Righteousness” (Jeremiah 23)? Why would Isaiah say He is “the Mighty God“? A title reserved only for YHVH Himself! Why? While it is written that Messiah is coming to judge the Earth, it is also written the YHVH Himself is coming to judge the earth, with righteousness (Psalm 96:13). Are there then two ultimate Judges? Two Kings of all the Earth? Two Saviors? Two Redeemers? Two YHVH-Shaloms? Two YHVH-Kevods? Two Mighty Gods? Two YHVH-Tzedkenus? The LORD forbid! No family...this is not so...there is only one and His name when He came to earth was Y’shua (Jesus).

Isaiah 49:6 says, “…it is a light thing that you should be my servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob and to restore the preserved (nazarized) of Israel: I will also give you for a light to the Gentiles, that you may be my salvation (yeshuah) unto the ends of the earth.”

Isaiah 49:8 says, “…in a day of salvation (yeshuah) I have helped you, and I will preserve (nazarize) you, and give you for a covenant of the people (the goyim/gentiles)…”

He shall be called a Nazarene....

In Genesis, He is not only the promised seed, but He is also Shiloh, unto whom the obedience of the goyim shall be. This Word or manifest YHVH is the very God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, robed in human flesh! In Exodus 3 He is the Angel of the Lord who calls Himself the “I AM that I AM” or in Hebrew, the I Will Be, which means the One of continuous existence without beginning or end. In Isaiah, He is the Son whose shem is the Mighty God. In Micah, though everlasting, He is born in the likeness of human flesh, to one day rule when He returns and they mourn for Him, as the Holy Spirit revealed though Zechariah! Messiah, the Son of the living God (Matthew 16:13-17), came from Heaven (John 2:13-15) bearing the gift of Eternal life. He is the First and the Last (Isaiah 48/Revelation 1). Daniel reveals that “in that Day“ the whole world will recognize who this coming one is and they will worship and serve Him. The word for worship or serve here is in the Aramaic, a word used only in reference to the Lord God. In Jeremiah 33 He is not only the Branch but also He is the Lord our Righteousness (YHVH-Tzedkenu). In Malachi 4 He is the Sun of Righteousness who rises with healing in His wings. Surely the genuinely faithful and the tzaddikim would never worship a mere man! Yet He was worshipped. He forgave sins and controlled the elements. These are things that only God can do. Yet He is also called the Son of Man and one like unto a son of man! So just by this brief overview we can see that He is spoken of in nearly every book of the Bible either directly or in type.

Paul

YHVH speaking…

“Sing for joy and be glad, O daughter of Zion; for behold I am coming and I will dwell in your midst,” declares YHVH. “Many nations will join themselves to YHVH in that day and will become My people. Then I will dwell in your midst, and you will know that the LORD of hosts has sent Me to you.”

Now wait, let me see if I can wrap my mind around this illumination. First, there is only one God (Elohim), only one YHVH, but here, like in Isaiah chapter 48 and many other places we have YHVH coming to tabernacle with us (rendered “to dwell” in John 1) and YHVH is speaking and saying that YHVH is being sent from or by YHVH of hosts. If you did not understand what I have been showing you, this would indeed be confusing. But to me the scripture is saying that when YHVH is manifest in temporal history in some form (in this case He came incarnate as a human being) He does not cease to be fully God.

This apparent but not actual dichotomy is understood when we grasp that the Holy Spirit all through the word of God tells us over and over that the one Elohim (God, the Creator) is one in essence and nature, but is also a unity of pluralities and attributes. One God revealed in three personae. One we call the Father, another we call the Word (or Son), and a third we call the Holy Spirit. YHVH has revealed Himself in these three ways or persons. Let it be noted however that at times we hear subject/object dialogues between these persons.

And here in Zechariah we have YHVH speaking in human terms we can only see as speaking about two YHVH’s but that cannot be since YHVH Himself clearly has communicated there is only one YHVH. As what He is doing here, He is becoming our Redeemer and will Himself be in this human form (Jesus) when He says “I will dwell in your midst” (this is not the prophet, it is YHVH speaking) and when He suffers, because the sins of the whole world will be laid on this human manifestation for only God Himself could possibly bear such a thing. This is why He tells us elsewhere we have caused Him to bear our sins.

As Jesus revealed no one has ever seen the Father OR ever heard His voice....the Son has declared Him (that is made Him known or manifest)

We read in Isaiah 33:10 the following testimony, “Now I will arise says YHVH…”, then further in Isaiah 33:17says, “Your eyes shall see the King in all His beauty…”, and finally in 33:22 he reveals, “YHVH is our Judge,…Lawgiver…, our King, He will save us…”

Paul

Yes beloved, praise His name, when YHVH comes, He will be a seeable beauty, He will come as the Lord, our Savior (Yesha), the sick will be healed, and their iniquities will be forgiven (Isaiah 53; 61) and in that Day He will exercise His rightful Kingship. This is the same presence of God known in times past as YHVH-K’vod, the Glory of the Lord, who would come and shakan (dwell) “with“ His people in the Tabernacle made with hands, only now He comes and shakans (dwells) in a tabernacle not made by hands (John 1). Isaiah 40:5 says, “…and the Glory of YHVH shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it…” .

In Isaiah 40:10, 11 the prophet tells us “Behold the YHVH-Elohim will come with a strong hand (albeit His Right Hand), His arm shall rule for Him (that is Messiah), His reward is with Him, and His recompense is before Him. He shall provide for His sheep as a Shepherd, He shall gather His lambs in His arm"! (Parenthesis mine) The Arm of the Lord revealed in Isaiah 52:13 - Isaiah 53

Notice this, His right hand, His arm that all can see, shall rule for Him and shall administer all judgment. Thus all those who are “in Messiah“, gathered in his arms, will be protected and will be provided for, as if by a loving Shepherd. Psalm 23 and other places make plain the sense of the Messiah’s Shepherd-like qualities as defining YHVH’s relationship with His children. In effect, the LORD (YHVH) is our Shepherd says it all doesn’t it? Thus we actually lack nothing of significance because the source of all provision precedes the lack. He provides comfort, discipline, rest, sustenance, etc!
Now just so you do not think this is specific to only Isaiah, look at Zechariah 13:7 where YHVH (the Spirit) speaks of Messiah ben-Joseph being wounded (pierced and run through) when He comes to the House of His friends (Israel): “Awake, O’sword, against My Shepherd, and against the Man, that is My fellow…” (see John 10:14-16; Hebrews 13:20; I Peter 5:4; Revelation 22:11-21) The Shepherd will come as the “Man” and this “Man” will be YHVH’s “Fellow”. How much clearer can it get?

So start with all of these (I know I did not hit all the most obvious ones but this should get you thinking and exploring)

In His love

Paul

Who is Shiloh?

Genesis 49:10 “The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.

The word “people” here is the word “goyim” or gentiles…

Isaiah 11:10 tells us “And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek: and his rest shall be glorious.”

This root pf Jesse, elsewhere called his offshoot (because as the Son/Word He was before Jesse and as Jesus the Messiah, an offshoot or branch), to whom the gentiles sought, is the provider of a glorious Shabbat (rest).
Well now that is well and good but why do I say this is Jesus? Daniel 9 tells us of a Messiah who would arise in the time of an as yet unbuilt Temple (the second Temple was not completed until well after Daniel). It is said that this Messiah would be “cut off” (a reference to Isaiah 53:8) just before another prince (Titus was the son of Emperor Vespasian) would come and destroy the Holy City and that at that time the sacrifices and oblations would cease (which they did and to this day have not been re-instituted). All the others alleged to be this Messiah were either long dead or not deemed so until after. Plus the prophecies tell us this ensign to the gentiles, would be one to whom they would flow and attain a glorious rest. Elsewhere Isaiah says He will bring the light to the gentiles.

Now as it turns out, when Christ was born, the scepter (the shebbet or staff of leadership) had departed from Judah. No longer was a son of David upon the throne (the vassal King Herod was a semi-Edomite), and only by this Messiah has the light of the one God come to the gentiles and indeed we have flocked to Him. Ahhh! And is not our rest in Him glorious?

In all of human history, no other deemed to be Messiah (the Christ) brought the light of God to the gentiles, no other was “cut off from the land of the living” just prior to the destruction of the 2nd Temple and the ceasing of the sacrifices…not Hezekiah, Judah the Galilean, Akiba, bar Kochba, none of them, only Jesus.

Daniel also tells us He would put an end to sin (which He did on the cross only to be fully realized at the parousia) and that He would ushe on everlasting righteousness (the righteousness of God by faith as opposed to the fleeting righteousness of our own works).

Jesus IS Shiloh. Shiloh, if you know your Bible, was also a place. It was the place where God, the I AM, tabernacled with His people. Is it not said of Christ that God was in Him reconciling the world (not just Israel) to Him? John tells us that the Word (the Memra/Logos look up The Memra) who was with God in the beginning and was God, came in the flesh (incarnate) and “dwelt among us”….did you know the Greek word for dwelt is “skeenoo”? Skeenooo means to pitch tent, hence to tabernacle! Remember how in the Tabernacle (at Shiloh) the glory of the Lord would appear over the Bema Seat of the Ark of the Covenant? Read on in John for He tells us He came as the glory of the only begotten of the Father? He is the Tabernacle not made with hands and the glory of YHVH….

Paul

A not so obvious one we think IS....(see the debate between me and Yonah

Isaiah 52:12–53

“Behold My servant shall prosper. He shall be exalted, he shall be lifted up, and shall be very high. Many were appalled at him. So marred was his visage, unlike that of any man, and his form, unlike that of the sons of men. He shall startle many nations, kings shall be silenced, for that which had not been told they shall see, and that which had not been heard they shall perceive, but who has believed our report? To whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed? For he grew up like a young plant, as a root out of dry ground. He had no form or comeliness that we should desire him, nor beauty that we should delight in him. He was despised and rejected of men, a man of pains, and acquainted with grief, people shall hide their faces from him. He was despised and we esteemed him not. He bore our sickness and carried our pain, yet we esteemed him smitten and stricken of God, and greatly afflicted, but he was wounded for our transgressions, he was crushed for our iniquities, the disturbance of our peace and wholeness was placed upon him, and by his stripes we are healed…he bore the sin of many and made intercession for the transgressors“.

Paul

Isaiah 53's Messianic account of the suffering Servant is beloved of Christians and shows the unity of Scripture.

Fireinfolding said:

Hey Paul, good job seems your the only one adding to it here, its still good to have to refer to, at least someone is looking to prove Jesus Christ.

God bless you

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Many years ago when encountering Jewish people (I believe it was the Spirit of God) I was confronted with the issue that Jesus and the Apostles only had (and had to rely on) the Hebrew scriptures from which to demonstrate Christ and our earliest traditions. So I looked for (and believe I was led to) see Him in every book....

I wanted to see Christ in the OT and found it could not be avoided...and the Lord willing I saw some fruit...not only in my desire to defend Christ but in seeing some formerly Orthodox Jews actually embrace Messiah (to God be the glory)

Paul