If not a solid dome what about the dangerous Van Allan belts ?
NASA engineer admits they can’t get passed the Van Allen Belts
Sure. Well the thing is, it was a relatively common, if not universal view among ancient peoples. For example, some ancient cultures had stories describing shooting arrows up at it, or using a ladder to climb up to it. And if you made it to the other side, you would find heaven, or reach heaven in some sense.
It was described more as something like the sky immediately above us. Far enough in the sky that you couldn't reach it, but close enough that perhaps if you could climb a mountain, you might reach close enough to experience it. Kind of like Moses in Exodus. He climbs my sanai, and it says that Moses then saw God, and under God's feet were a payment of sapphire stone. Like lapiz lazuli, for bluish heavenly clearness.
So it wasn't really like a scientific thing, it was more like an ancient cosmological perspective based on how people viewers the sky a very long time ago, before there were space ships and things like that.
Another good way to think of it is, what is described in Genesis chapter 1 in the sky? Well, the "waters above". And when you go outside on a clear sunny day, and you look up at the sky, what do you see? It almost looks like an ocean. A heavenly ocean above, but it is brilliant and beautiful. And God's hand, much like in the Exodus passing of the red sea, God holds that water back.
He made strong the skies above, When the springs of the deep became fixed, When He set for the sea its boundary So that the water would not transgress His command, When He marked out the foundations of the earth;
Proverbs 8:28-29
you set the beams of your chambers on the waters, you make the clouds your chariot, you ride on the wings of the wind,
Psalms 104:3
The Lord sits enthroned over the flood; the Lord sits enthroned as king forever.
Psalms 29:10
Praise him, highest heavens, and waters above the heavens. Let them praise the name of Yahweh, because he commanded and they were created. And he put them in place *forever and ever*, by a decree he gave that will not pass away.
Psalms 148:4-6
The psalmist for example, he could look up and see it. Praise Him waters above the heavens.