Ancient writers’ opinions of Pontius Pilate vary considerably. In his
Legatio ad Gaium (
The Embassy to Gaius6), Philo describes Pilate as “a man of inflexible, stubborn and cruel disposition” when he refuses to remove pagan statues from the Holy City of Jerusalem.
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The Gospel of John, however, describes Pilate as a man who bends to the whims of others:
As soon as the chief priests and their officials saw [Jesus], they shouted, “Crucify! Crucify!” But Pilate answered, “You take him and crucify him. As for me, I find no basis for a charge against him.”
1 In this excerpt, Pilate himself has no malice towards Jesus. His reply gives no indication of cruelty. Instead, Pilate responds to the wishes of those he governs and gives his approval to their demands.
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Josephus describes him with relative neutrality.
9 In Josephus’
The Jewish War, Pilate stages a show of force against a group of dissenting Jews, but gains respect for them when he recognizes their religious dedication and calls off his guards.
10 He serves the Roman Emperor but is not inherently malicious or anti-Semitic. While none of these authors portrays Pilate as a hero, some groups throughout history have viewed Pilate in this light. In fact, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church considers Pontius Pilate and his wife saints.
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