It's certainly possible this is racially motivated.
My main issue on gerrymandering is that literally both sides do it. You can read about it in both sides media. Is Democratic gerrymandering less racist? I doubt it.
The whole process is pretty stupid. I can't honestly tell you what a non gerrymandered state looks like. I don't recall ever seeing it. Each side draws lines in their favor.
You mentioned proportionality as a possible indication of a problem. That's a rather good view. If you'll indulge me in a hypothetical practical example....
Imagine two schools. One student body is mostly white....the other mostly black. The white school draws from a larger tax base and student outcomes are better. This creates a disparity between student outcomes.
Seeing this, the mayor coordinates for better funding....the majority of which goes to the black school....and eventually, student outcomes equalize.
Yet in the process...we created another disparity. State funding is disproportionally higher at the black school. They get more tax dollars than the white school.
Realistically, if a disparity in of itself is an indication of bias....these are both legitimate problems. I think student outcomes are more important...but I don't have kids in school. If I did, I might feel cheated on the taxes.
A disparity is to be expected....top to bottom, left to right, across any groups we examine. Fixing one creates another. I don't see any problem with looking at them....but to draw conclusions about causality is overly simplistic. Disparities are the norm. Equal outcomes are the rarity.
As I also said in the same post:
I can't think of any situation where true "equal outcome" is desirable over "fair procedure."
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