- Dec 17, 2010
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Believe it or not, I'm starting to think that we have a Choice between Democracy and a Bill of Rights. I'm convinced that a Bill of Rights so fundamentally undermines the Democratic process that we should start to question just how well a Bill of Rights even does its 'job' of protecting people!? Let's start at the beginning.
Human Rights
Im all for human rights, who isnt? But what is the best mechanism to protect human rights in a country? Is it a Bill of Rights, or some other mechanism?
1. A Bill of Rights is stuck in an ivory tower and is not specific or real!
We are all for right to privacy, agreed? As long as we stay in the abstract like this we are happy. I want my privacy, you want yours if thats all we had to say about it we can all agree. Lets just have Australia sign the Bill of Rights and be done with it. Pass the champagne.
Not so fast. Lets get specific here. I can easily imagine situations where I gladly give up my right to privacy, and yet others would be horrified by this idea! A few decades ago I described to an American friend how the Australian Police have the power to randomlypull drivers over without due cause for concern or anything like it and ask the driver to blow into a tube which measures their breaths alcohol content. Its called Random Breath Testing (RBT). I love it. Ill gladly blow into that bag once a year or so if it means statistically safer roads. But my American friend? He gasped in horror! What about your right to privacy? he protested, as if I had said something unthinkable.
Once we get specific the battle lines are drawn up. Im completely happy to donate a few minutes a year to blow into an RBT bag, but others are horrified. I mean they might get caught drink driving!
But RBT is not the point the fact that we can so easily disagree about RBT is. I see it helping my right to life but others see it attacking their right to privacy. We can all agree on a vaguely worded, sugar-and-spices bill of rights sitting in a shiny showroom, but take it out on the streets for a drive in the real world and we suddenly discover all sorts of problems. Dont just buy a Bill of Rights thats only been sitting in the showroom. Take it for a drive. It cant just look good in the showroom, its got a specific job to do.
For instance, what is a right to free speech? Does it mean I can say what I want about a company or product and get away with it? Every time? Publicly, on TV? Does it mean I can yell FIRE! in a crowded cinema? Does it mean I can burn the flag, put up pornography in public places, or even walk down the street nude as part of my free expression?
Once we get into the mucky business of getting specific we discover that smart, educated people disagree. The rest of this page is about how best to protect our rights in a society that must adapt to new technologies, changing cultures, and above all, have a process for protecting our rights even when people disagree. I believe Australia already has those mechanisms in place, but we simply dont appreciate them for what they are because too many of us feel we need a parchment of fine sounding words, without asking what all these fine sounding words actually mean in our daily lives.
As Big Ideas said:
Does RBT infringe on my right to privacy or help protect my right to life? Will society judge that my right to privacy is violated if a cop pulls me over and asks me to blow into a tube, or will society decide my right to protection from drunken idiots wielding a ton of steel at a hundred kilometers an hour is more important?
When we break down notions of human rights into specific questions we can see that they become divisive. Its just like watching the ABCs Q&A, you can see the audience drawing up their battle lines and feel the tension in the air. Educated, nice people will just disagree because of their own life experiences and baggage. For instance, if I have had a ban run in with the authorities as a youth, and naturally feel suspicious about giving the police extra powers, I would no doubt want to ban RBT. Its just too open to abuse! But if on the other hand I had watched my dear father die in the twisted metal of a car wreck, then I might be more likely to want strong action against drink drivers.
Lawyers and judges have had training to interpret the law, not decide social issues for us. Who are lawyers to interpret multi-disciplinary issues that might involve Australian society, culture, psychology, architecture and infrastructure? Human rights can affecteverything, from how we design a train station with access for the disabled to how we run the public transport system as a whole. Rights questions are asked of employment programs and military training, running a school and how you walk to school. Are a bunch of wealthy lawyers going to make better decisions than engineers and teachers and bus drivers on these matters? Are they somehow more qualified to debate the issues and rights and wrongs of the best ways to protect Australian citizens living in the real world with real problems?
I say no. I say as imperfect as it is that we keep our human rights where they are. We keep them under Parliamentary Law. For our Parliaments, whether Federal or State, are subject to the ebb and flow of contemporary wisdom and common sense. Politicians should adapt the laws to the concerns of the day. Every year brings new social problems, scientific concerns, technological innovations, infrastructure concerns and public health crisis. Laws travel in one direction for a while and society learns from experience. Then when the situation changes and public pressure builds laws can move back again. This is a good thing!
Social policies should be decided by science and statistics and sociology and psychology and, if all else fails, elections! Surely, in a specific question like the RBT laws, we want the public to decide. Surely we want controversial policies like banning the Burqa or pub curfews or teenage driving laws decided by statistics and social sciences and public opinion, not dusty old texts written by our grandfathers. For make no mistake a Bill of Rights will age. Even more so in this era of technological acceleration.
3. A Bill of Rights will politicize the judiciary
Lawyers and judges are unelected, unaccountable, and unsuited to interpret a bill of rights in the thousands of very real, very practical questions that could be put to them. A bill of rights turns judges into high priests of social policy. This politicizes the judiciary. Just watch American politics the next time a new judge is appointed to the Supreme Court.
4. A Bill of Rights will encode the silly prejudices and blind spots of our generation forever!
Policies can be right for one generation and wrong for another. RBT might be necessary in this generation of drinking and driving. But if robot cars arrive over the next ten years, driving may become a thing of the past let alone drink driving. So if RBTs become irrelevant, the laws and policies can easily be changed. They are not enshrined in some interpretation of the Bill of rights a hallowed parchment up there with our Constitution!
The problem with these Bills is they cannot predict the thousands of new social policies we will need for each situation. The ivory tower doesnt always understand life on the street. A bill of rights attempts to condense weighty and complex issues into trite summaries. Do we really want these things encoded for all time?
Bills of rights promote an absolute formula of rights as interpreted by our generation, and make them absolute for all time. However they should more accurately be described as social policies and Parliamentary laws held to account by the political process and democratic discussion of the day. Instead of ensuring our rights through some abstract, ivory tower parchment codified for all time, we should protect them through a strong democratic process. It will reflect the silly prejudices and blind spots of our day.
Instead lets protect our human rights by protecting the free press and good government and integrity of our elections and all the other foundations of a good democracy. Lets stay vigilant in protecting the processes of effective democracy, for this best protects the integrity of the conversation of the day. Not some piece of paper stuck behind glass in a museum.
5. A Bill of Rights will enshrine selfishness over the good of the community
I would have sworn the Australian Christian Lobby would have been for a bill of human rights. Of course they are for human rights, but surprisingly they are against a bill of rights! Instead, Brigadier Jim Wallace, AM, (Retd) Managing Director of the Australian Christian Lobby said something to the effect that Bills of rights enshrine selfishness over the rights of the community, which helped me remember my conversation with my American friend about RBT. For is it really that big a deal to pull over and blow through a little tube once a year, if that? Is it really affecting my privacy that much, especially if I am a law abiding citizen and have nothing to fear? In other words, YES, I support RBT! I think it is a valuable tool for getting the idiots off the road. Drink driving is death on wheels. I have trouble imagining a society that would refuse this powerful tool for curbing a very real problem. But my American friend gasped in revulsion at the concept. He saw view it as an attack on his freedom because he was taught about his right to privacy from a very young age. But thats not really the lesson Americans seem to learn. Instead, in this and so many other areas, they learn that the individual matters more than the community, that selfishness is good. I find that appalling.
Please, Dont leave us with the bill! Download the podcast here.
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bigideas/stories/2009/2596855.htm
Human Rights
Im all for human rights, who isnt? But what is the best mechanism to protect human rights in a country? Is it a Bill of Rights, or some other mechanism?
1. A Bill of Rights is stuck in an ivory tower and is not specific or real!
We are all for right to privacy, agreed? As long as we stay in the abstract like this we are happy. I want my privacy, you want yours if thats all we had to say about it we can all agree. Lets just have Australia sign the Bill of Rights and be done with it. Pass the champagne.
Not so fast. Lets get specific here. I can easily imagine situations where I gladly give up my right to privacy, and yet others would be horrified by this idea! A few decades ago I described to an American friend how the Australian Police have the power to randomlypull drivers over without due cause for concern or anything like it and ask the driver to blow into a tube which measures their breaths alcohol content. Its called Random Breath Testing (RBT). I love it. Ill gladly blow into that bag once a year or so if it means statistically safer roads. But my American friend? He gasped in horror! What about your right to privacy? he protested, as if I had said something unthinkable.
Once we get specific the battle lines are drawn up. Im completely happy to donate a few minutes a year to blow into an RBT bag, but others are horrified. I mean they might get caught drink driving!

But RBT is not the point the fact that we can so easily disagree about RBT is. I see it helping my right to life but others see it attacking their right to privacy. We can all agree on a vaguely worded, sugar-and-spices bill of rights sitting in a shiny showroom, but take it out on the streets for a drive in the real world and we suddenly discover all sorts of problems. Dont just buy a Bill of Rights thats only been sitting in the showroom. Take it for a drive. It cant just look good in the showroom, its got a specific job to do.
For instance, what is a right to free speech? Does it mean I can say what I want about a company or product and get away with it? Every time? Publicly, on TV? Does it mean I can yell FIRE! in a crowded cinema? Does it mean I can burn the flag, put up pornography in public places, or even walk down the street nude as part of my free expression?
Once we get into the mucky business of getting specific we discover that smart, educated people disagree. The rest of this page is about how best to protect our rights in a society that must adapt to new technologies, changing cultures, and above all, have a process for protecting our rights even when people disagree. I believe Australia already has those mechanisms in place, but we simply dont appreciate them for what they are because too many of us feel we need a parchment of fine sounding words, without asking what all these fine sounding words actually mean in our daily lives.
As Big Ideas said:
The language of human rights is arguably the dominant language of moral discussions in todays world, but does this language alter a States scope for action?
According to todays guest yes it does.
He argues that the language of human rights can achieve a sort of bogus consensus because it deals in moral abstractions that are so abstract and so couched in emotively appealing connotations and generalisations that just about everyone can sign up to it. And that the definitions of human rights are contestable and contested, debatable and debated every day and all of the time.
Canadian Professor James Allen
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bigideas/stories/2011/3210017.htm
2. A Bill of Rights will make unelected Judges the interpreters of our rights, not our elected Politicians who are often trained in the statistics of social policy and public mood.According to todays guest yes it does.
He argues that the language of human rights can achieve a sort of bogus consensus because it deals in moral abstractions that are so abstract and so couched in emotively appealing connotations and generalisations that just about everyone can sign up to it. And that the definitions of human rights are contestable and contested, debatable and debated every day and all of the time.
Canadian Professor James Allen
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bigideas/stories/2011/3210017.htm
Does RBT infringe on my right to privacy or help protect my right to life? Will society judge that my right to privacy is violated if a cop pulls me over and asks me to blow into a tube, or will society decide my right to protection from drunken idiots wielding a ton of steel at a hundred kilometers an hour is more important?
When we break down notions of human rights into specific questions we can see that they become divisive. Its just like watching the ABCs Q&A, you can see the audience drawing up their battle lines and feel the tension in the air. Educated, nice people will just disagree because of their own life experiences and baggage. For instance, if I have had a ban run in with the authorities as a youth, and naturally feel suspicious about giving the police extra powers, I would no doubt want to ban RBT. Its just too open to abuse! But if on the other hand I had watched my dear father die in the twisted metal of a car wreck, then I might be more likely to want strong action against drink drivers.
Lawyers and judges have had training to interpret the law, not decide social issues for us. Who are lawyers to interpret multi-disciplinary issues that might involve Australian society, culture, psychology, architecture and infrastructure? Human rights can affecteverything, from how we design a train station with access for the disabled to how we run the public transport system as a whole. Rights questions are asked of employment programs and military training, running a school and how you walk to school. Are a bunch of wealthy lawyers going to make better decisions than engineers and teachers and bus drivers on these matters? Are they somehow more qualified to debate the issues and rights and wrongs of the best ways to protect Australian citizens living in the real world with real problems?
I say no. I say as imperfect as it is that we keep our human rights where they are. We keep them under Parliamentary Law. For our Parliaments, whether Federal or State, are subject to the ebb and flow of contemporary wisdom and common sense. Politicians should adapt the laws to the concerns of the day. Every year brings new social problems, scientific concerns, technological innovations, infrastructure concerns and public health crisis. Laws travel in one direction for a while and society learns from experience. Then when the situation changes and public pressure builds laws can move back again. This is a good thing!
Social policies should be decided by science and statistics and sociology and psychology and, if all else fails, elections! Surely, in a specific question like the RBT laws, we want the public to decide. Surely we want controversial policies like banning the Burqa or pub curfews or teenage driving laws decided by statistics and social sciences and public opinion, not dusty old texts written by our grandfathers. For make no mistake a Bill of Rights will age. Even more so in this era of technological acceleration.
3. A Bill of Rights will politicize the judiciary
Lawyers and judges are unelected, unaccountable, and unsuited to interpret a bill of rights in the thousands of very real, very practical questions that could be put to them. A bill of rights turns judges into high priests of social policy. This politicizes the judiciary. Just watch American politics the next time a new judge is appointed to the Supreme Court.
4. A Bill of Rights will encode the silly prejudices and blind spots of our generation forever!
Policies can be right for one generation and wrong for another. RBT might be necessary in this generation of drinking and driving. But if robot cars arrive over the next ten years, driving may become a thing of the past let alone drink driving. So if RBTs become irrelevant, the laws and policies can easily be changed. They are not enshrined in some interpretation of the Bill of rights a hallowed parchment up there with our Constitution!
The problem with these Bills is they cannot predict the thousands of new social policies we will need for each situation. The ivory tower doesnt always understand life on the street. A bill of rights attempts to condense weighty and complex issues into trite summaries. Do we really want these things encoded for all time?
Bills of rights promote an absolute formula of rights as interpreted by our generation, and make them absolute for all time. However they should more accurately be described as social policies and Parliamentary laws held to account by the political process and democratic discussion of the day. Instead of ensuring our rights through some abstract, ivory tower parchment codified for all time, we should protect them through a strong democratic process. It will reflect the silly prejudices and blind spots of our day.
Instead lets protect our human rights by protecting the free press and good government and integrity of our elections and all the other foundations of a good democracy. Lets stay vigilant in protecting the processes of effective democracy, for this best protects the integrity of the conversation of the day. Not some piece of paper stuck behind glass in a museum.
5. A Bill of Rights will enshrine selfishness over the good of the community
I would have sworn the Australian Christian Lobby would have been for a bill of human rights. Of course they are for human rights, but surprisingly they are against a bill of rights! Instead, Brigadier Jim Wallace, AM, (Retd) Managing Director of the Australian Christian Lobby said something to the effect that Bills of rights enshrine selfishness over the rights of the community, which helped me remember my conversation with my American friend about RBT. For is it really that big a deal to pull over and blow through a little tube once a year, if that? Is it really affecting my privacy that much, especially if I am a law abiding citizen and have nothing to fear? In other words, YES, I support RBT! I think it is a valuable tool for getting the idiots off the road. Drink driving is death on wheels. I have trouble imagining a society that would refuse this powerful tool for curbing a very real problem. But my American friend gasped in revulsion at the concept. He saw view it as an attack on his freedom because he was taught about his right to privacy from a very young age. But thats not really the lesson Americans seem to learn. Instead, in this and so many other areas, they learn that the individual matters more than the community, that selfishness is good. I find that appalling.
Please, Dont leave us with the bill! Download the podcast here.
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bigideas/stories/2009/2596855.htm