Electric suns, solar flares and coronal mass ejections.

[Michael]

So a filament can be a dark filament, a 'bright' filament or a prominence depending on the viewing angle and passband.

No. A dark filament is dark in all the iron ion wavelengths and dark in 304A as well. Show me "dark filament" in 193A that is 'bright' in any other wavelength.

 

[RealityCheck01]

No. A dark filament is dark in all the iron ion wavelengths and dark in 304A as well. Show me "dark filament" in 193A that is 'bright' in any other wavelength.

Which is nothing to do with what I wrote:

Other readers of the thread may be puzzled by Michael's usage of "dark filament" as if the relative darkness of the filament had any effect on its properties (such as the likelihood of an eruption).

A filament is a prominence that is viewed against the Sun's body. A dark filament is a filament that is viewed in a passband that makes it look dark against the body of the Sun.

So a filament can be a dark filament, a 'bright' filament or a prominence depending on the viewing angle and passband.

Pick any dark filament in the 193A passband that is dark against the background of the body of the Sun. If this filament rotates to become framed against the background of space, it is bright (and its name changes to prominence).

A dark filament can even be both a dark filament and a bright prominence !
Solar Filaments and Prominences

Prominences and filaments are really the same thing, but they look bright or dark depending on what is in the picture's background. At the right is another picture that shows a bunch of things. This is another H-alpha picture, and you can see the dark thread-like filaments on the Sun. You can also see some bright-looking prominences sticking out beyond the "edge" of the Sun on the far right. In the box, you can see one object that appears to be both filament and prominence! The part on the face of the Sun is dark (a filament) and the part hanging out past the edge is brighter than the empty space behind it (a prominence). You can see that it's all one piece, the only difference is how the object looks compared to what's behind it in the picture.

N.B. The image on this page has an H-alpha filter applied - that is where dark filaments tend to appear.

P.S. Look at the SDO The Sun Now page.
See all of the bright filaments in the single passband images?
See that dark filaments appear when the images are combined in the AIA 211, 193, 171 image?
This should (but I doubt that it will!) tell you that the only difference between dark and light filaments is the background - add a lighter background and any bright filament becomes a dark filament .

 

[RealityCheck01]

There are however bright areas in any high energy image of the sun (even lower energy images), so forget your claim about the sun being a "black body".

How iditotic - I have never climed that the Sun is a bllack body.
The light emitted by the Sun has a nearly black body spectrum.
Honestly, Michael, when are you ging to learn some solar physics?

It's not a "black body" in any true sense of the word. It's "treated" that way in overly simplistic math formulas as such, but the sun definitely does not act like a "black body"

That is correct !
I am not aware of any situation in which the light emitted by the Sun (a nearly black body spectrum) is treated as an actual black body spectrum.
The closest that astronomers come to this is when they claculate the temperature of the photosphere where the 5770 K figure is the effective temperture.

What LMSAL 'should be' noticing ...

What astronomers including the LMSAL astronomers do notiice is that is that the sun's coronal loops come up and through the surface of the photosphere, leaving bright points at it's footprints on that particular surface. It also leaves N/S magnetic field alignments that directly relate to the magnetic filed of the loops. All loops go up through the photosphere.
So any images, e.g. 1700A and to a lesser extent, 1600A images, show this.

No, it's not.

Yes it is nearly a blck body spectrum: Sun

Sunlight has approximately a black-body spectrum that indicates its temperature is about 6,000 K, interspersed with atomic absorption lines from the tenuous layers above the photosphere.

It's dominated by emission lines in the Neon +4 spectrum.

It is dominated by the strong emission lines from H and He, e.g. teh Balmer series.
There is no "white" light due to impurities in that Neon because that Neon is an impurity in H and He plasma.

The yellow part of that images is the Yohkoh view of the sun, and the blue areas are from Trace in 171A. The loops are visible to Yohkoh only after they exit the photosphere, whereas the 171A images descend considerably further into the solar atmosphere.

That is where the web site goes idiotically wrong because the TRACE 171 A passband never detects light from the photosphere - that is the dark area in the TRACE part of the image !
And even more idiotic is the assertion that the x-rays detected by Yohkoh are emitted at the photosphere !


You are still in complete denial of some solar physics:

• A passband stops detecttion of light from cooler plasma than its bottom limit. So the minimum temperature of plasma in the TRACE 171A passband is 160,000 K. This is not the photosphere.
• The photosphere does not emit detectable light in the 171A passband: Sun
• The situation with x-rays is even worse - millions of degrees!

The base of the loop in this image in in the transition zone (plasma with temperatures > 160,000 K).

A bit of astronomy for you, Michael:

• The footprint of a coronal loop is where it emerges from the photosphere.
• The base of a coronal loop is the lowest point in a image and its location varies, e.g. white light images have base = footprint, 171A passband means base = thousands of kilometers above the photosphere, x-rays means base = tens of thousands of kilometers above the photosphere.

 

[RealityCheck01]

True. It's a solid crust
... more solid crust delustion snipped...

Wrong - you have the delusion that it is a solid crust: in Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

We see "more" than that now, particularly in SDO images. We see the "bright exit/entry" points of the coronal loops on the surface of the photosphere. We see plasma from flares blowing *up and through* the surface of the photosphere...

We do see the footprints of coronal loops in the appropriate SDO images as their magnetic fields cause bright exit/entry points in their interaction with the photosphere.
But the source of the plasma in tham is the chromosphere.

LMSAL completely missed the location of the 'transition region'.

Your ignorance is showing yet again, Michael : Solar transition region !

And the delusions continue, Michael !
Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

Michael analyzes a public relations image that has a processing artifact !!!! to get your physically impossible layer at 4800 km.
Errors in Michael's site XII (Kosovichev (2005) shows no iron surface)!
but you contradict the above calculation to get your physically impossible layer at 3480 km .
Errors in Michael's site XIII (3480 km is not 4800 km)!
​

 

[RealityCheck01]

Actually it demonstrates *your* basic ignorance of plasma physics due to the fact you refuse to educate yourself on that topic.
...fantasies about electrical discharges in the solar atmosphere snipped...

You are lying - I have educated myself ion the topic. Or maybe you are talking about the one page in one book that we have discussed:
Claim 1: Actual electrical discharges are impossible in plasma (unless you do a ridiculous quote mining of Peratt's definition)! Claim 2: The 'electrical discharge' term used in MR (various papers) is Dungey's large current density (not really a discharge ) and is obsolete!

What I wrote was:

The Sun - Assumptions, Observations And Early Interpretations

This displays ignorance about what is actually in solar images.
There is no electrical arc so it is not ionizing anything.
There is no heavy iron layer to SINK to the bottom.
Hotter plasma is lighter than cooler plasma and so will 'float ABOVE lighter plasma layers'.

A overly simple way to look this is to consider a column of plasma extending outward. The plasma has the same composition throughout the column, i.e. mostly H and He with traces of O, Si, Ne, Fe, Mg, etc. The temperature of the plasma increases with height (roughly corresponding to the chromosphere, transition region and corona). The density of the plasma reduces with height and each part of it 'floats' above the rest.

The fat lady has sung RC. Convection is only 1 percent of the required speed necessary to keep elements 'mixed together' in the solar atmosphere.

The fat lady has sung, Michael - you cannot even read what you paste !
Research | Research news | Unexpectedly slow motions below the Sun's surface
This is not the solar atmosphere.

The fat lady has sung, Michael - you cannot even read what you link to!
Research | Research news | Unexpectedly slow motions below the Sun's surface
There is no mention of mixing!
So all you have is a fantasy about the observed convection currents somehow not mixing up the solar body.

When the current stops flowing, that material "cools off" and rains back to the surface as 'coronal rain".

The 'current' bit is a total fantasy but there is a gem of fact.
Any plasma that escapes from the magnetic field of a coronal loop, e,g. in a flare of CME, can cool and fall back toward the photosphere as coronal rain.
Some actual science rather than your fantasies: The Sun's Coronal Rain Puzzle Solved

Using NASA's brand new Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), solar physicists are already beginning to understand some of the sun's greatest mysteries. And last week, the SDO may have provided an answer to one of its most beautiful (yet perplexing) phenomena: coronal rain.
...
The erupting plasma was funneled through massive arcs of magnetic field lines known as coronal loops. After being launched, the plasma fell back to the sun, looking like droplets of rain. The scale of these 'droplets' are gargantuan, each could easily engulf the Earth.
"Blobs of plasma are falling back to the surface of the sun, making bright splashes where they hit," explains Karel Schrijver of Lockheed Martin's Solar and Astrophysics Lab who is currently analyzing the unprecedentedly detailed videos from the SDO. "This is a phenomenon I've been studying for years."

You will like this Michael - there are pretty pictures !

 

[RealityCheck01]

False. In fact the location of the transition regions as seen in green in the SDO very first light images correlate *perfectly* to Kosovichev's figures. The base of the coronal loops begin 4800KM *under* the orange ring that shows the photosphere/chromosphere boundary:
...idiotic blowups of a public relations picture snipped...

Wow - now you cannot even compare numbers, Michael !
Or maybe you have just forgotten how to multiply !
Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

Michael analyzes a public relations image that has a processing artifact !!!! to get your physically impossible layer at 4800 km.
Errors in Michael's site XII (Kosovichev (2005) shows no iron surface)!
but you contradict the above calculation to get your physically impossible layer at 3480 km .
Errors in Michael's site XIII (3480 km is not 4800 km)!

Micheal's web site
From Changes in the subsurface stratification of the Sun with the 11-year activity cycle by Sandrine Lefebvre, Alexander Kosovichev (2005)
ETA: Thanks Micheal for pointing out the decimal point error.
Micheal gets 3480 km for the deph of his iron surface.

 

[RealityCheck01]

Nope. The green iron ion wavelengths are clearly originating 4800KM *under* the photosphere/chromosphere boundary seen in orange in each of those images.

The delusional behavior of analyzing a PR picture still escapes you, Michael !
Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

Michael analyzes a public relations image that has a processing artifact !!!!
​

 

[RealityCheck01]

Yep. It's the smoking gun alright.
...idiotic blowup of a PR picture snipped...

Yep. The delusional behavior of analyzing a PR picture still escapes you, Michael !
Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

Michael analyzes a public relations image that has a processing artifact !!!!
​

You cannot even understand what I wrote!

Solar Moss: The Smoking Gun
...

More like "Solar Moss: The Smoking Gnu "
What does "near the sun’s surface" mean? It means thousands of kilometers above the photosphere !
Moss on the sun found by NASA's Trace probe

and that the PR picture you are obsessed has no solar moss!

 

[Michael]

Yep. The delusional behavior of analyzing a PR picture still escapes you, Michael

You've got to be the single most verbally abusive individual in cyberspace. The only "delusion" going on is some IT guy thinking he knows anything about solar physics or plasma physics without ever picking up a textbook on the topic! That's the real "delusion" going on. There's only one solar model that predicts *all* the SDO imagery RC, and it's not the standard solar model.

You cannot even understand what I wrote!

I understand that virtually everything you write is meaningless nonsense, including your outrageous claims that photons have no kinetic energy, and electrical discharges are impossible in plasma. Almost everything you write is false, including your "debunk" of anything. You're incapable of "debunking" anything because you don't know anything about this topic *by choice*.

and that the PR picture you are obsessed has no solar moss!

Case in point. That is an absolutely false statement on your part (as usual). All sorts of 'solar moss' activity is taking place in a full disk image of the sun at *any moment in time*. The image clearly shows the relationship of the transition region and the origin of coronal loops. They originate 4800KM *under* the surface of the photosphere, which is why flare regularly blow material *up and out* of the surface of the photosphere in 1600A limb images.

You really have no business even engaging in this topic since you simply "make up" your wacko world of physics where photons have no kinetic energy and electrical discharges are impossible in plasma.

 

[Michael]

Wow - now you cannot even compare numbers, Michael

There you go citing your own statements again. Why are you even here RC since you simply *ignored* everything I've written for over two solid years?

You have no reason to be here at all, other that pure harassment apparently. You are not interested in my answers, my statements or scientific facts like the fact the electrical discharges have been associated with solar flares since Birkeland, Bruce, Dungey and Giovanelli!

 

[Michael]

You are lying - I have educated myself ion the topic.

You are only one lying, and you're only lying to yourself. Which *TEXTBOOK* on MHD theory have you ever read cover to cover RC?

Which *external* author claims electrical discharges are "impossible" in plasma? Quote them verbatim.

 

[Michael]

RC debate tactics:

1) Never read a textbook on MHD theory but debate MDH theory in cyberspace.
2) Never cite an external reference over any point of contention, only cite yourself.
3) Insert liberal doses of loaded language like "lying", "delusional", "crackpot", "crank", "crazy", yada yada yada in every post
4) Ignore all answers given
5) Return to step 1

 

[Michael]

How iditotic - I have never climed that the Sun is a bllack body.

How idiotic you are reduced to using terms like "idiotic" in every post because you refuse to read a textbook on MHD theory and insist on debating MHD theory and solar physics!

The light emitted by the Sun has a nearly black body spectrum.

So what? "Nearly" doesn't count for anything outside of horseshoes and hand granades.

I am not aware of any situation in which the light emitted by the Sun (a nearly black body spectrum) is treated as an actual black body spectrum.
The closest that astronomers come to this is when they claculate the temperature of the photosphere where the 5770 K figure is the effective temperture.

It's simply an "average energy output".

What astronomers including the LMSAL astronomers do notiice is that is that the sun's coronal loops come up and through the surface of the photosphere, leaving bright points at it's footprints on that particular surface. It also leaves N/S magnetic field alignments that directly relate to the magnetic filed of the loops. All loops go up through the photosphere.
So any images, e.g. 1700A and to a lesser extent, 1600A images, show this.

They all show the effect of the discharges in the solar atmosphere. They all show the effect of the loops short circuiting under the photosphere and blowing material *up and away* from the surface of the photosphere too. Those activities preclude "solar moss" activity from occurring *above* the photosphere in some magic "transition region" in the sky! The loops all begin *under* the photosphere. They are radiating at a million degrees even before they exit the photosphere. The loops are filled with million degree plasma that is heated by *powerful current* that leave their magnetic field signatures on the surface of the photosphere. LMSAL is utterly ignorant of these things.

Yes it is nearly a blck body spectrum: Sun

So what? At the high energy end of the spectrum it is *NOTHING LIKE* a "black body".

It is dominated by the strong emission lines from H and He, e.g. teh Balmer series.

It's dominated by Neon emissions and Silicon emissions too. A "black body" surface at 5700KM could never produce such Neon ion emissions.

There is no "white" light due to impurities in that Neon because that Neon is an impurity in H and He plasma.

Again, your statement is simply false. H and He are byproducts of the fusion processes going on in the solar atmosphere and inside the sun. They have nothing to do with solar composition *in total*. The sun is a *plasma diffuser*, not a plasma mixer. SDO killed your "mixing by convection" theories dead.

That is where the web site goes idiotically wrong because the TRACE 171 A passband never detects light from the photosphere - that is the dark area in the TRACE part of the image

The idiotically wrong thing that happened is an IT guy that never read a book on MHD theory insists on discussing it *incorrectly* anyway. That's the only idiotically wrong thing going on here, oh and the pure cyber harassment of course.

If you ceased using loaded language and you only spoke the truth, you'd apparently have nothing to say.

!
And even more idiotic is the assertion that the x-rays detected by Yohkoh are emitted at the photosphere !

X rays are emitted everywhere inside the current carrrying loop, even before it exits the surface of the photosphere. Once it exits that surface, those x-rays become visible. Again with the "idiotic" language. Really RC, you take verbal abuse to a whole new level of low.

You are still in complete denial of some solar physics:

Not me. I've read textbooks on MHD theory. I've read Peratt's entire book, I didn't just quote mine from it like you. I've studied solar physics my entire adult life in fact. You on the other hand refuse to even read a single textbook on MHD theory.

passband stops detecttion of light from cooler plasma than its bottom limit. So the minimum temperature of plasma in the TRACE 171A passband is 160,000 K. This is not the photosphere.

Duh! Nobody denies that.

The photosphere does not emit detectable light in the 171A passband:

No, but the current carrying coronal loops do emit that 171A light over the entire loop, both above and below the surface of the photosphere.

The situation with x-rays is even worse - millions of degrees!

Each loop is full of million degree plasma RC. Guess what heats that plasma to millions of degrees inside of *individual* loops?

The base of the loop in this image in in the transition zone (plasma with temperatures > 160,000 K).

That's "kinda true". The "transition zone" is located 4800KM *under* the surface of the photosphere, not in the upper chromosphere as we observe in the SDO first light images. If in fact the transition region started in the upper chromosphere as LMSAL claimed, then the green light would begin inside the orange band, above the cut out circular ring! Instead it starts *4800 KM under* that line!

A bit of astronomy for you, Michael:

A retired IT guy that steadfastly refuses to read a textbook on MHD theory has nothing to teach me about astronomy or solar physics. All you've taught me is how far people will go in order to harass and verbally abuse others on the internet. That's all you have to "teach" anyone on this topic in fact.

When are you going to read a real textbook on MHD theory RC?

 

[RealityCheck01]

...usual rant and insults snipped....

You did not address that simple fact that it is idiotic to try to analyze a PR picture:
Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

Michael analyzes a public relations image that has a processing artifact !!!!
​

There are multiple points of idiocy in that act:

1. You did not and still have no idea what was done to the raw data to produce that PR image.
2. First light images are not scientific data.
   The first light images from a telescope are just the first images that are taken. They are of little scientific value (and usually of low quality) because calibration of the telescope is ongoing. This is especially true for instruments on spacecraft like the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).
3. It is physcially impossible to see any light from 4800 km under the surface of the Sun:
   Errors in Michael's site IV (below? the photosphere)
   24 April 2010: How can we detect the less than 1 photon per year from your iron crust?
4. 29th April 2010: Michael cherry picked the SDO image to support his fantasy and ignored the absence of the green line in other first light images!
5. Michael has never repeated his analysis on any scientific data from SDO or any other source.
6. Michael then ignored simple problems with his analysis such as the green line vanishes at some positions!
7. 4th May 2010 GeeMack contacted the SDO science team at NASA ... and it is a processing artifact.
8. You have had over 2 years to make GeeMack into a liar by contacting the NASA team yourself. You have not done that.
   22nd March 2012: Why have you never in over 2 years, contacted the SDO team about the image?

Lets do some analysis of actual scientific images that Michael's obsession with a PR image has prevented him from doing.
The SDO The Sun Now web page currently has the following JPGs (this changes - probably daily):
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_0193.jpg
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_0304.jpg
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_0171.jpg
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_0211.jpg
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_0131.jpg
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_0335.jpg
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_0094.jpg
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_1600.jpg
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/latest/latest_1024_4500.jpg
No green line!
Most of the images have a bright region just above the photosphere, i.e the transition region.

N.B. Unlike Michael, I will make explicit an assumption in that analysis. I assume that the JPG images on that web page are simply converted FITS files.

 

[RealityCheck01]

There you go citing your own statements again.

There you go again not able to comprehend basic English, Michael !
You have 2 different numbers for the depth of your physically impossible iron surface:
Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

Michael analyzes a public relations image that has a processing artifact !!!! to get your physically impossible layer at 4800 km.
Errors in Michael's site XII (Kosovichev (2005) shows no iron surface)!
but you contradict the above calculation to get your physically impossible layer at 3480 km .
Errors in Michael's site XIII (3480 km is not 4800 km)!
​

I know how you can get around this, Michael. Just make your iron layer 1320 kilometers thick so that one number is the inner surface and the other number is the outer surface !

 

[RealityCheck01]

RC debate tactics:
...

Michael's debate tactics:
1) Deny basic physics.
2) Go to step 1)
Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

 

[RealityCheck01]

How idiotic you are reduced to using terms like "idiotic" in every post...

I use the term idiotic whenever you do somtheing idiotic, e.g. Michael analyzes a public relations image that has a processing artifact !!!!

So what?

So you are wrong - the Sun has a nearly black body spectrumj. This means little though.

It's simply an "average energy output".
...usual fantasy of electrical dicharges in the solar atmosphere snille3d ...

It is simply a temperature: they claculate the temperature of the photosphere where the 5770 K figure is the effective temperture.

So what? At the high energy end of the spectrum it is *NOTHING LIKE* a "black body".

The phoitosphere is nearly a blck body spectrum: Sun, even at the high energy end of the spectrum.

It's dominated by Neon emissions and Silicon emissions too.

You are lying: Sun

Again, your statement is simply false.
...usual ignorance, rant and insults snipped...

Again your statement is simply ignorant. The composition of the photosphere has been measured: Sun
There is no "white" light due to impurities in that Neon because that Neon is an impurity in H and He plasma in the photosphere where light is emitted from the Sun.

The "transition zone" is located 4800KM *under* the surface of the photosphere, not in the upper chromosphere as we observe in the SDO first light images.

That it a totally ignorant assertions basede on the idiotic act of analysing a PR pioctrure:
Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked!

Michael analyzes a public relations image that has a processing artifact !!!!
​

When are you going to read a real textbook on MHD theory RC?

Maybe if I shout back at you, you will finally understand what I write .
As stated before but you are still unable to comprehend (The irrelevance of the inane demand that I read Peratt's book): When we get to discussing real MHD rather than one page in one book !
Claim 1: Actual electrical discharges are impossible in plasma (unless you do a ridiculous quote mining of Peratt's definition)! Claim 2: The 'electrical discharge' term used in MR (various papers) is Dungey's large current density (not really a discharge ) and is obsolete!

When are you going display any understanding of any textbook on MHD theory Michael?

 

[RealityCheck01]

Michael's iron surface idea completely debunked! has been updated:

That is most of Michael's web site and enough to show that his ignorance and denial of physics has lead to the construction of a web of fantasies about the Sun. Michael's inability to recognoze his mistakes is suggestive of the Dunning–Kruger effect, e.g.Michael does not know the difference between a plasma and a solid (comet nucleus) where Michael cites a paper to support 'electrical discharges' in plasma but is actually about electrical discharges in comet nuclei!

One last chance to comprehend that the paper is about double layers inside comet nuclei, Michael, before I give up on your ability to comprehend English .
S. Ibadov (2012)

Problems connected with mechanisms for comet brightness outbursts as well as for gamma-ray bursts remain open. Meantime, calculations show that irradiation of a certain class of comet nuclei, having high specific electric resistance, by intense fluxes of energetic protons and positively charged ions with kinetic energies more than 1 MeV/nucleon, ejected from the Sun during strong solar flares, can produce a macroscopic high-voltage electric double layer with positive charge in the subsurface zone of the nucleus, during irradiation times of the order of 10–100 h at heliocentric distances around 1–10 AU. The maximum electric energy accumulated in such layer will be restricted by the electric discharge potential of the layer material. For comet nuclei with typical radii of the order of 1–10 km the accumulated energy of such natural electric capacitor is comparable to the energy of large comet outbursts that are estimated on the basis of ground based optical observations. The impulse gamma and X-ray radiation together with optical burst from the comet nucleus during solar flares, anticipated due to high-voltage electric discharge, may serve as an indicator of realization of the processes above considered. Multi-wavelength observations of comets and pseudo-asteroids of cometary origin, having brightness correlation with solar activity, using ground based optical telescopes as well as space gamma and X-ray observatories, during strong solar flares, are very interesting for the physics of comets as well as for high energy astrophysics.

(my emphasis added)

 

[Michael]

One last chance to comprehend that the paper is about double layers inside comet nuclei, Michael, before I give up on your ability to comprehend English

I gave up on your ability to read and comprehend English when you kludged Peratt's *simple* definition of an electrical discharge *IN* plasma. When oh when are you going to read a book on MHD theory RC?

Name and quote an external author that agrees that electrical discharges are impossible in plasma.

 

[Michael]

I use the term idiotic whenever you do somtheing idiotic,

Talking to you is the only idiotic thing about this thread. You have never read a book on this topic and you refuse to educate yourself in any way. It's all about cyber harassment as far as your concerned.

What are you going to read a book on plasma physics RC? What author agrees with you that electrical discharges are impossible in plasma?