having been reading the excellent information given and explained, would you say Mary's question to Gabriel about knowing no man would indeed equal a vow to God to remain a virgin?
Good question. At the
very least, that verse points to a possibility, and a possibility builds the case for Mary's perpetual virginity. What some people here fail to realize is that this entire discussion hinges on the compilation of evidences (instead of explicit facts), since the Bible does not completely rule out either option. Mary's perpetual virginity is not plainly stated in the Bible, but on the other hand, the Bible never says "and then Joseph knew his wife" or something like that.
So, we have to compile evidence.
Right now, here is the case:
- the Scripture is not explicit either way (although
this or
that verse might be used to support either stance). Therefore, we must search further.
- the writings of the early early church could be used, except that all we have is what is found in the Bible. Trying to find this doctrine in early writings is nearly impossible, just like trying to find explicit doctrine on the Trinity. Of course, discounting the doctrine of Mary's perpetual virginity simple because it isn't explicitly found in the
very first, very earliest writings is silly and hypocritical: there are dozens of Christian doctrines (like sola scriptura, once-saved-always-saved, sola fide, dispensationalism, Augustine's original sin, etc) that are not found in the very earliest writings. Why do we apply a double standard?
- early church tradition
seems to indicate that early Christians believed in the perpetual virginity of Mary, which is best evidenced by the non-canonical book
Protoevangelium of James. Since this book is held as evidence, but
not infallible Scripture, we must dig deeper.
- Once the severe persecution of Christianity ceased in the 4th century,
immediately we see a written record from many different church fathers that profess the perpetual virginity. This is important to note, because this was the first time in the Church's history when a person wasn't killed or imprisoned simply for stating their beliefs, which explains why doctrines like Mary's perpetual virginity were not
explicitly declared during the Church's persecution.
- Of course, the writing of the early church fathers isn't evidence enough, so we much follow it through history. Many different heresies came and went, the Church explored the details of many specific issues (like the single/dual wills of Christ) and laid out a lot of doctrine through ecumenical councils. Despite the fact that
dozens of major heresies (and who knows how many smaller, local heresies) were rooted out of the church, the doctrine of the perpetual virginity of Mary was never touched.
- All throughout Church history, Christians continued to hold to the perpetual virginity of Mary as truth. From Rome to Jerusalem, everyone preserved the doctrine that Mary remained a virgin for her entire life. Even after the East/West split (and even the smaller splits with the Coptics, Oriental church, etc), the doctrine of Mary's perpetual virginity remained intact.
- In the 16th century, the Reformers began their work in the West. Of all the reforms, of all the doctrines that were culled, of all the "Papist" teachings that Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin gutted from Christianity, Mary's perpetual virginity was not touched. In fact, all three aforementioned Reformers were very clear that they believed in the perpetual virginity of Mary. Luther is on the record for remarking (paraphrase):
"My opponents want to slander me by saying I preach that Mary, mother of Jesus, did not remain a perpetual virgin, but I do not preach that."
- As Western Christianity became increasingly "anti-Catholic", sometimes simply for the sake of being "anti-Catholic" instead of truly trying to follow the Bible, many doctrines fell by the wayside. It was not until the 17th century (during the secular Age of Enlightenment) that Christian leaders began questioning the perpetual virginity of Mary.
- So, here's the wrap-up: for ~1,500 years, the entire Christian church believed in the perpetual virginity of Mary. Despite schisms, splits, heresies, and disagreements, the entire Church held to this doctrine. It was only during the post-Reformation era (when a lot of Protestants began taking doctrinal stances for the sole purpose of being "anti-Catholic") when Mary's perpetual virginity was questioned.
Someone, if you think that Mary's perpetual virginity is a false doctrine, then I challenge you to do this: show me ONE, just ONE other doctrine that was accepted by both the Catholic and the Orthodox church (even post-split) for 1,500 years that also ended up being false. Just ONE! If the 1,500 years of acceptance of the perpetual virginity of Mary means nothing to you, then show me ANOTHER doctrine that meets all of the rigorous criteria that this one does and ALSO turned out to be "false" in your eyes.
I'm very eager to see what anyone comes up with.