Because context matters in everything that is read. The opening passages (typical in the west, and especially so in formal writing where a point is to be made -- ex., the essay) define the parameters which will be dealt with in the body of the particular piece.
Context matters to an extent. But, certain beliefs and comments stand alone. He can't say that "eating flesh" is literal in one passage, then turn around and say that it is figurative in another. It either is or it isn't. He can't say that Jesus is not here "in the flesh" with the Church because He is in heaven with the father, that we only possess him "spiritually"
by faith, then turn around and say He is here literally, physically,
in the flesh (but disguised as communion bread and wine) in another.
So, this is how context works. He may say somewhere something that appears to mean he held a "literal, physical" understanding. But instead of taking that portion of what he taught--say, regarding the Euharist (or communion)--at face value in one section of his teachings, you first consider those portions in light of his explicit beliefs against the Real Presence. Then, you know that he is empolying metaphorical speech when it appears he's being literal.
As for "in the flesh", it means that one is walking around so to speak. So if there is a statement "Joe is not at work today", another may respond "No, he is here, I saw him in the flesh."

That doesn't make sense. It's an incomplete argument. Whoever makes the comment "I saw him in the flesh," will be asked for further details. They would say, you saw him in the flesh where? Because, everyone knows that "Joe" can't be at work and somewhere else at the same time.
We know Jesus has abilities beyond that of an average man, and if God had meant it to be so, jesus could be in more than one place--literally, physically--at the same time. But, Scripture doens't give a reason to believe this is so regarding the eucharist, neither does Augustine. In fact, because Augustine made it a point to say that the Church had him
literally and physicallyonly for a few days, and now possesses him "by faith only," we know he could not have held a literal understanding of the eucharist.
As in my scriptural examples, "eat flesh" means "attack/oppress" unless a literal meaning is meant.
You
say this but where is your argument to
prove that this is always the case? I have seen arguments against this assertion. If I clearly missed this point, forgive me. But, I don't know of any other instance besides John 6 where the Bible mentions eating flesh?
I've shown you the case presnted by Augustine, that
he used to rule out a
literal understanding of this text. "If it seems to enjoin a crime or vice,
it is therefore a figure. He doesn't allow for conditions where the opposite is acceptable.
Those who were offended understood it as a literal statement. The other option is non-literal, "attack/oppress", or another non-literal use. By researching the scriptures entire, other non-literal uses may be found.
Where else is eating flesh discussed?
I am not arguing here that only one meaning is taught, but that some of the ECFs did not teach the literal understanding. I have not seen where Scripture speaks of attacking or oppressing by eating flesh, and of the fathers that I read, I've not seen them make this argument.
As for the ECFs, I have not read all of them, but misreading (per the previous discussion) is more than just a possibility.
For both of us. But, I do not argue that
all fathers taught contradictory to the Real Presence, but that some of them--even if they are few, did.
I'm not asserting that Augustine speaks for the whole of the Church, or that any other ECF did or that and group of them did.
And I do think in the interest of completeness, both the non-literal uses of "eat flesh" throughout the scriptures
and evidence in protestant theologians of understanding of the evolution of the understanding of symbol should be researched. Be thorough ... What is there to lose ?
You have views argued according to both understanding, but how do we know that which is true and who is right? Ultimately, we must refer to Scripture and derive the truth from in.
What we think of the Eucharist, we possess by faith. We take Christ at His word.
Yes, but you beieve His word to say the opposite of what I believe?
In fact, Christ never said that we
must believe that we are l
literally eating His flesh and blood. He gave us a commandment to partake of the eucharist
in memory of Him. I don't think what we believe about the "literal" identity of what we eat is as important as simply obeying His command to partake to keep the memory of what He did for us alive.