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The Holocene Deniers

David Gould

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Re the Dalton minimum, given that temperatures where I am are now more than a degree above the average, a drop of a degree or two would be very welcome. It would certainly give us more time to sort out the CO2 problem - although I am sure that many would use it as an excuse for inaction, which might be an issue.
 
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grmorton

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I am uniting 3 of David's posts

Regarding negative feedbacks, the thing is it has been warmer in the past. (Yes, it has been warmer in the past!) Thus, we know for certain that negative feedbacks can only do so much. We know that temperatures are not yet near a point of restraint.

How do we know this? Is it because of the models which, as Latif said at the WCC-3 can be off by as much as 10 degrees? Is it because the models can't predict even 10 years ahead?

weatherWCC3WeatherPredictionsLatif.jpg


Or do we know that the temperatures are nowhere near restraint because the global climate models can't predict the correct amount of rainfall?

weatherWCCWeatherPredictionLatif.jpg


The leftmost picture is the observed rainfall. The models predict the middle and right hand results.

Or do we know that the temperatures are nowhere near restraint simply because you BELIEVE that to be the case? What is your observational basis for saying that?

If they are in positions where they would have a 2 degree bias in temperature, how long have they had that bias? If they have had that bias for longer than, say, 30 years, then we know that the warming that we have detected over the past 30 years cannot be because of that bias.

The problem is that around the world the bias grows as the 3rd world comes into the 21st century. So your repeated attempts to have the modern heat be constant around the world simply won't work. China began a modernization that didn't really get off the ground until 1990. After then they bought air conditioners by the bucket load and cemented up roads like crazy, causing the bias to grow--even after 1990.

Re the Dalton minimum, given that temperatures where I am are now more than a degree above the average, a drop of a degree or two would be very welcome. It would certainly give us more time to sort out the CO2 problem - although I am sure that many would use it as an excuse for inaction, which might be an issue.


here is the problem. Action means you think you know enough to know that there won't be any unintended consequences. If we put shades on the earth or spray suphates into the stratosphere to block the sun, and it happens that the sun continues its dearth of sunspots and low output of energy, you might cause massive crop failures and millions of starvation deaths because you freeze the crops in the northernmost range of the agricultural belt. When you can foretell the future, come back and lets talk.
 
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thaumaturgy

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Remember, I didn't ever call you a liar even when you were contracelsus, but I do recall you calling me 'Trusty' a few times-- seems clear that you have no qualms about being rather mean either.

When you brought up the "Trusty" story what exactly were you hinting/intimating about me?

And yes, I can be quite mean spirited. Especially after you have repeatedly accused me of ignorance in a field you have shown no real ability it, and after you accuse me repeatedly of altering the data for nefarious reasons or not downloading etc.

Not when a cold front comes through. Silly you. If you are off 3 days, when a cold front comes through the temperture difference lasts for 3 days. Silly you not to think of that.

Please read for content. I'll repeat it:

When I said I eliminated some days what I did was eliminated some DIFFERENCES.

Again, this is probably more math than you are capable of but:

For every single daily couple I subtracted only one day from the same day.
(The reason was because there were a couple days when one station or the other wasn't recorded, hence you have to drop this data or you are doing it incorrectly)

When I plotted THIS data set I didn't want to go through and have the x-axis read Monday July 24th, 1963, Tuesday July 25th, 1963, etc.

So I used a COUNT INDEX (1,2,3,...365)

When one plots the "time series" I am not eliminating any STATION DATA, just a DIFFERENCE data because it is a "missing data point".

ALL THE DATA LINE UP.

We are just missing 3 days worth of data in a year

but at no time is one day subtracted from a different day in calculating the difference

Any cold fronts are already in all the data!

All I ask is that you read.

(How does one get a physics degree and have such an aversion to mathematics?)
 
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David Gould

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I am uniting 3 of David's posts



How do we know this? Is it because of the models which, as Latif said at the WCC-3 can be off by as much as 10 degrees? Is it because the models can't predict even 10 years ahead?

weatherWCC3WeatherPredictionsLatif.jpg


Or do we know that the temperatures are nowhere near restraint because the global climate models can't predict the correct amount of rainfall?

weatherWCCWeatherPredictionLatif.jpg


The leftmost picture is the observed rainfall. The models predict the middle and right hand results.

Or do we know that the temperatures are nowhere near restraint simply because you BELIEVE that to be the case? What is your observational basis for saying that?

The observational basis is that in the past we know that temperatures have been warmer. I was responding to your point about negative feedbacks. We know with absolute certainty that whatever the negative feedbacks are they do not restrain temperatures to the level that we are at now. We know that positive feedbacks overwhelm negative feedbacks for at least another six degrees or so, given that that is the kind of temperature level that has been reached in the past. That was the only point that I was making.

As to models not being able to predict 10 years ahead, I agree: the models cannot predict 10 years ahead. However, given that that is not what they are designed to do, it is a bit unfair to judge them on that fact. The models produce many runs and then average those runs. This average is not going to look anything like the short-term earth climate - the earth's real climate will fluctuate above and below this average. However, over the course of the century, the average should match the overall real trend. This is what the model is producing.

The problem is that around the world the bias grows as the 3rd world comes into the 21st century. So your repeated attempts to have the modern heat be constant around the world simply won't work. China began a modernization that didn't really get off the ground until 1990. After then they bought air conditioners by the bucket load and cemented up roads like crazy, causing the bias to grow--even after 1990.

Then how do you explain the increases in temperature in the United States? It was paved over and airconditioned by the 1970s. And yet the greatest temperature rise over the lower 48 has occurred since that time.

here is the problem. Action means you think you know enough to know that there won't be any unintended consequences. If we put shades on the earth or spray suphates into the stratosphere to block the sun, and it happens that the sun continues its dearth of sunspots and low output of energy, you might cause massive crop failures and millions of starvation deaths because you freeze the crops in the northernmost range of the agricultural belt. When you can foretell the future, come back and lets talk.


I am not advocating either of those things. I am advocating reducing our CO2 emissions - hopefully to zero by the end of the century.
 
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David Gould

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I need to clarify something. I said a couple of times that the wealthy west will be 'okay'. When I say this, I do not mean to diminish the effects that it will have. As an example, south-eastern Australia is facing permanent drought, which will devastate farming.
 
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grmorton

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When you brought up the "Trusty" story what exactly were you hinting/intimating about me?


You are under the incredibly egotistical opinion that I came here to debate you. I didn't. I don't care if you debate or not. But if you are going to present arguments, I am going to counter them.

You should know if you would look it up. YOu had clipped the axes of the plot to cut off the bias and then proclaimed loudly that there was no evidence of bias--yet you had essentially hidden it. I told the Trusty story to explain why I was very sensitive to manipulating the data for one's benefit. Take it as you will because you did clip the axes and you admitted it. If you admitted it, then you should man up and take it.

And yes, I can be quite mean spirited. Especially after you have repeatedly accused me of ignorance in a field you have shown no real ability it, and after you accuse me repeatedly of altering the data for nefarious reasons or not downloading etc.


Well, we can both be mean spirited, so on that we are even steven.


I do note that you haven't replied to the plots from Latif and Palmer's papers. I went to a lot of trouble to get that data, which you didn't show to our readers, which data shows that the models can't predict squat.

I also note that you haven't answered the questions of whether or not you would put a thermometer next to a stove to try to capture the temperature of the average room in your house? I note that you haven't answered my question of if you would take your child's temperature and put the thermometer next to a match before reading the value for the doctor? If not, why not? If so, why so?

Would you do that?
 
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grmorton

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The observational basis is that in the past we know that temperatures have been warmer. I was responding to your point about negative feedbacks. We know with absolute certainty that whatever the negative feedbacks are they do not restrain temperatures to the level that we are at now. We know that positive feedbacks overwhelm negative feedbacks for at least another six degrees or so, given that that is the kind of temperature level that has been reached in the past. That was the only point that I was making.

Ok, I misunderstood what you were saying thanks for the clarification. I would point you again to the deuterium temperature profile of the Vostok core for the past 12,000 years.
WeatherVostokPostglacialTemp.jpg


You can get a bigger version of this at
WeatherVostokPostglacialTemp.jpg (image)

I disagree strongly that there are no feedbacks which can stop our present temperature rise. Look at the last 2000 years of the Vostok curve. I count 6 periods where the temperature rose only to fall back from 2000 years ago to the 19th century. We are now in the 7th period of rise. Whatever feedbacks turned each of those 6 previous rises around did the job. So, I don't think you can make the claim you do looking at the past history of temperature.



As to models not being able to predict 10 years ahead, I agree: the models cannot predict 10 years ahead. However, given that that is not what they are designed to do, it is a bit unfair to judge them on that fact. The models produce many runs and then average those runs. This average is not going to look anything like the short-term earth climate - the earth's real climate will fluctuate above and below this average. However, over the course of the century, the average should match the overall real trend. This is what the model is producing.

Having made and managed petroleum reservoir models, one can run a model all you want and come up with an average production rate and recovery rate. But most of the time they don't match reality. They can't predict successfully because fluid flow through the pores of rocks is such a complicated problem that we can't get the right answer. We run the models because we have to have some basis upon which to make predictions.

As to long term predictions, the problem is that philosophically it is a statement of faith that the models are correct. One can say that a certain model correctly predicts the temperature in 2075 but neither of us is likely to be here to collect on a steak dinner bet in that year. Any claim that the models are better further out than they are close in, is based not on observational verification, but upon faith--belief in things unseen.


Then how do you explain the increases in temperature in the United States? It was paved over and airconditioned by the 1970s. And yet the greatest temperature rise over the lower 48 has occurred since that time.

I have several times posted the difference between the raw data--the real observations, and the final edited data output by NOAA.
ts.ushcn_anom25_diffs_urb-raw_pg.gif

Now this is merely the subtraction of the final minus the input to the editing. The difference is what the editing does. There are many disturbing things about this chart. First in 1900, they make no correction to the temperature. That means that they think the temperature doesn't need correction. Some have tried to say that they don't know the amount of correction to make, but if that is true, then we also wouldn't know if or how much the world has warmed. Such an approach to this chart is self-destructive to the global warming position.

If the thermometers in 1900 don't need to be corrected, but the modern ones, which are next to heat sources do need correcting and need to be corrected HOTTER than they read, then they are implicitly saying that the modern thermometers are crap.

I think our technology should be better even if our siting of the thermometers is worse than in 1900.

Given all the stations I have shown which are next to heat sources, one has to wonder why editing has to add even MORE heat to the modern thermometer record. That makes absolutely no sense to me.

You asked where the temperature increase comes from? Part of it has to come from the gradual increase in heat input to the thermometer record by the editing process alone. Note that half a degree C of warming is due simply to guys in a computer lab deciding that modern thermometers are reading the temperature too low and need to be corrected upwards towards hotter temperatures.



I am not advocating either of those things. I am advocating reducing our CO2 emissions - hopefully to zero by the end of the century.

Well, if you can find an energy that doesn't require CO2 emissions go for it. A solar cell requires a 1400 deg C oven, usually heated by the CO2 emitting natural gas which is burned to heat the oven. Wind turbines, are made or imported to Houston cause I see them leaving in all directions from here (including one that got stuck trying to navigate the Crockett TX town square--the blades were too long). But they are made of composites--which means petrochemicals. To get those petrochemicals you emit CO2.

If you think nuclear will do it, please tell me when we will start building them? We have to build these CO2 free energy plants before we can use them.
 
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grmorton

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I need to clarify something. I said a couple of times that the wealthy west will be 'okay'. When I say this, I do not mean to diminish the effects that it will have. As an example, south-eastern Australia is facing permanent drought, which will devastate farming.

An interesting question I have never had anyone actually answer. By what criteria do you determine that a drought was caused by global warming?

There are those who are afraid that global warming will dry out Nebraska and cause it to turn to sand dunes again as it was back about 1500 years ago--it was not a corn belt but a dry desert with sand dunes. But wait, 1500 years ago there was no CO2 increase, no cars, no coal fired plants, yet Nebraska was in the midst of a terrible drought.

So, what criterion would you use to determine that a particular drought is a global warming drought vs a normal drought?
 
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David Gould

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grmorton,

On how you can determine whether a drought is caused by global warming, the BOM are in the process of working this out right now for the drought in south-eastern Australia.

Study links drought with rising emissions

Note that there is still disagreement on this issue.

However, the models are matching what is happening in the real world - lower rainfall in south-eastern Australia, higher rainfall in northern Australia. I have spoken via email to Dr Timbal about some of this - it is very interesting stuff.

On causation of events by global warming, it is always going to be tricky. For example, even in a period of reduced average rainfall, there are still going to be periods of high rainfall. If we examine the recent Victorian bushfires, the claim that global warming caused them is not correct. After all, many of them were caused by arsonists. Their intensity was caused by the dryness of the bush, the very high ambient temperatures on the day and high winds. The dryness of the bush was caused by a long period with below average rainfall - part of which was likely caused by climate change. So: were the Victorian fires caused by climate change? No. But it was one causal factor that influenced the way the event panned out.
 
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David Gould

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grmorton,

As to the adjustments implying that modern day thermometers are crap, no, that is not necessarily the case.

I strongly recommend that you read what adjustments are made and why:

GHCN Global Gridded Data

Some examples:

"Application of the Station History Adjustment Procedure (yellow line) resulted in an average increase in US temperatures, especially from 1950 to 1980. During this time, many sites were relocated from city locations to airports and from roof tops to grassy areas. This often resulted in cooler readings than were observed at the previous sites. When adjustments were applied to correct for these artificial changes, average US temperature anomalies were cooler in the first half of the 20th century and effectively warmed throughout the later half."

And:

"Filling in missing data (blue line) produced cooler temperatures prior to 1915."

And:

"Adjustments to account for warming due to the effects of urbanization (purple line) cooled the time series an average of 0.1F throughout the period of record."
 
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grmorton

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As to the methodology, statistical analysis is the ususal way of determining causation. Of course, as per Hume, we can never directly observe causation. All we can do is observe correlation.


When I did my grad work in philsophy (yeah an oil man actually tried to be a philosopher) I liked Hume. I have a couple of hundred philosophy books on a shelf about 3 feet from me and I have continued to read philosophy all these years since.

I just thought of something about your comment on the models being designed for longer term predictions. It occurred to me that this is very much like my belief in heaven. I believe that there is a heaven. I can't, of course, prove it, nor can I actually offer much evidence for its existence. I will find out (or not) after I die.

Similarly belief that the climate models are correct over the next 60 years or more are much like belief in heaven. One may believe that they are accurate, but of course, one can't prove it or even offer much evidence for the match (or lack of a match) which will come in 60-70 years. Only after one is dead and buried will the truth be known.

Since we spoke of philosophers and such, I thought I would add something Russell said that is applicable to the unverifiable assertions like "the climate models will be accurate over a 70 year period."

“Many orthodox people speak as though it were the business of sceptics to disprove received dogmas rather than of dogmatists to prove them. This is, of course, a mistake. If I were to suggest that between the Earth and Mars there is a china teapot revolving about the sun in an elliptical orbit, nobody would be able to disprove my assertion provided I were careful to add that the teapot is too small to be revealed even by our most powerful telescopes. But if I were to go on to say that, since my assertion cannot be disproved, it is intolerable pre­sumption on the part of human reason to doubt it, I should rightly be thought to be talking nonsense. If, how­ever, the existence of such a teapot were affirmed in ancient books, taught as the sacred truth every Sunday, and instilled into the minds of children at school, hesitation to believe in its existence would become a mark of eccentricity and entitle the doubter to the attentions of the psychiatrist in an enlightened age or of the Inquisitor in an earlier time.” Bertrand Russell, “Is there a God?” in J. C. Slater and P. Kollner, eds, Collected Papers, Vo. 11, (London: Routledge, 1997), cited by Richard Dawkins, The God Delusion, (New York: Houghton-Mifflin, 2006), p.52

The accuracy of climate models is a wee bit like that teapot
 
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David Gould

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grmorton,

There is a difference, however. The climate models are built on known physics. It is a fact that CO2 is a greenhouse gas. It is a fact derived from theory and observation that the temperature forcing for a doubling of CO2 is 3 +/- 1.5 degrees centrigrade. We know the current rate of increase in atmospheric CO2; thus, we are able to project that into the future with reasonable confidence.

There are very good reasons to believe that the models are accurate over the timescales that we are considering.
 
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grmorton

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grmorton,

As to the adjustments implying that modern day thermometers are crap, no, that is not necessarily the case.

I strongly recommend that you read what adjustments are made and why:

GHCN Global Gridded Data

I have read it many times and I find that they are still, at the end of everything adding degrees that were not measured.

Some examples:

"Application of the Station History Adjustment Procedure (yellow line) resulted in an average increase in US temperatures, especially from 1950 to 1980. During this time, many sites were relocated from city locations to airports and from roof tops to grassy areas. This often resulted in cooler readings than were observed at the previous sites. When adjustments were applied to correct for these artificial changes, average US temperature anomalies were cooler in the first half of the 20th century and effectively warmed throughout the later half."

Maybe they should throw out the older bad data and not use it rather than warm the thermometers today.

And:

"Filling in missing data (blue line) produced cooler temperatures prior to 1915."

And:

"Adjustments to account for warming due to the effects of urbanization (purple line) cooled the time series an average of 0.1F throughout the period of record."



And why does Hansen say only .3 deg C (which is larger than .1F)

[FONT='Helvetica','sans-serif']J. Hansen et al, “A Closer Look at United States and Global Surface Temperatures,”
J. Geophys. Res., 106, 23947-23963 [/FONT]


available at h tt p: // pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2001/2001_Hansen_etal.pdf p 6

The magnitude of the adjustment at the urban and periurban stations themselves, rather than the impact of these adjustments on the total data set, is shown in Plate 2l. The adjustment is about -0.3oC at the urban stations and -0.1oC at the periurban stations.

If it is only .1F why does every study Nasa produces of urban heat have a 2-5 deg C range?

[FONT='Calibri','sans-serif']April 26, 1999: As the heat builds during a blistering summer day in Atlanta, Georgia, you can almost hear the clouds overhead cry, "Let's get ready to rumble!"
Urban growth has transformed Atlanta's environment, creating a uniquely altered arena of weather. Because urban areas both generate and trap heat, a bubble or "urban heat island" forms around the city. The temperature in Atlanta is 5 to 8 degrees Fahrenheit higher than outlying areas, and this excess heat produces increased rainfall and thunderstorms
[/FONT]

[FONT='Calibri','sans-serif'][/FONT]
[FONT='Calibri','sans-serif']Urban Heat alters weather patterns[/FONT]
[FONT='Calibri','sans-serif'][/FONT]
[FONT='Calibri','sans-serif']And why do studies show that the urban heat effect can be as much as 15 deg F change within a few hundred yards.
Atlanta%20micro-climates-2.gif
[/FONT]

[FONT='Calibri','sans-serif'][/FONT]
[FONT='Calibri','sans-serif'][/FONT]
[FONT='Calibri','sans-serif']The raging inconsistency in the low numbers you cite with the different and larger numbers others cite is amazing.[/FONT]
 
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grmorton

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grmorton,

There is a difference, however. The climate models are built on known physics. It is a fact that CO2 is a greenhouse gas. It is a fact derived from theory and observation that the temperature forcing for a doubling of CO2 is 3 +/- 1.5 degrees centrigrade. We know the current rate of increase in atmospheric CO2; thus, we are able to project that into the future with reasonable confidence.

There are very good reasons to believe that the models are accurate over the timescales that we are considering.

Yes, CO2 is a green house gas. But the atmosphere-ocean system is a hugely nonlinear dynamical system and we don't know all the feedback loops even today. That is why the models don't match reality. So, while taken alone the effect of a rise in CO2 would be X, in reality due to different processes it could be low. That is why the IPCC's range of temperature rise does not actually match the theoretical amount expected if CO2 alone acted.

And as I showed on my blog if you put the expected temperature rise on the keeling curve in 1958, the world has NOT warmed at the rate the IPCC says it will warm in the future. That is a sign that they are missing something important.

go seeThe Migrant Mind: A Backward Look at IPCC predictions of Temperature Rise

going to bed
 
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David Gould

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Note that Hansen is talking about urban and periurban (urban fringe - I had to look that up!) areas, while the page I linked to is talking about the average over the entire dataset. It is likely that there was no adjustment required for rural areas due to the UHI effect, after all. Thus, when averaged over the entire dataset, .1 degrees farenheit is not an inconsistent result with the numbers that Hansen is talking about.

As to you not finding the explanations of the adjustments reasonable, fair enough. But I do. Hence, the basis for our disagreement over the data record becomes a disagreement over this particular page on the internet. Interesting. :)
 
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David Gould

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grmorton,

I have graphed the keeling curve versus temperature increase since 1958 using multiple datasets. All of the graphs show that the temperature increase due to a doubling of CO2 falls well inside the predicted range. You still have not told me what numbers that you got for a doubling of CO2. Can you please do so?
 
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David Gould

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It is 2.8 for the GISS data from 1958 and 1.6 for UAH since 1979. (note: the UAH data must be corrected by multiplying the slope by .8 to get the surface warming - UAH measures temperatures in the lower atmosphere and thus is only an indirect measure of surface temperatures. This has been done to get the 1.6 figure).
 
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