Where did the idea that God was an old man in the clouds and heaven was a city to floats in the clouds come from?
As there are some people who have a very anthropomorphic view of God and literally think God is some kind of old man with a beard. Or think that heaven is literally some kind of Golden City in the sky.
I always thought God was an infinite disembodied mind(spirit), not a physical creature or even really a man or woman, and heaven was more of a state of being after the resurrection.
That assumes that the Hebrews and Christians reading those verses always understood them as literally as you do.
Numbers 23:19
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God is not human, that he should lie, not a human being, that he should change his mind. Does he speak and then not act? Does he promise and not fulfill?
John 4:24
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God is spirit, and his worshipers must worship in the Spirit and in truth."
John 1:18
No one has ever seen God, but the one and only Son, who is Himself God and is at the Father's side, has made Him known.
1 Timothy 6:16
He alone is immortal and dwells in unapproachable light. No one has ever seen Him, nor can anyone see Him. To Him be honor and eternal dominion! Amen
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About the city of New Jerusalem, which you think represents heaven. It does NOT. It represents the Christian Church composed of its members.
Revelation 19:7-9 ESV /
Let us rejoice and exult and give him the glory, for the marriage of the Lamb has come, and his Bride has made herself ready; it was granted her to clothe herself with fine linen, bright and pure”— for the fine linen is the righteous deeds of the saints. And the angel said to me, “Write this: Blessed are those who are invited to the marriage supper of the Lamb.” And he said to me, “These are the true words of God.”
Revelation Chapter 21
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And he carried me away in the spirit to a great and high mountain, and shewed me that great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God,
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Having the glory of God: and her light [was] like unto a stone most precious, even like a jasper stone, clear as crystal;
Revelation 21:2 ESV /
And I saw the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.
So we see that this city is the Bride of Christ.
Who indeed is the Bride of Christ?
The Bride of Christ is his church.
How do we know?
We know because of this:
Corinthians 11:2 ESV
For I feel a divine jealousy for you, since I betrothed you to one husband, to present you as a pure virgin to Christ.
Ephesians 5:25 ESV /
Husbands, love your wives, as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her,
Ephesians 5:22-33New Revised Standard Version (NRSV)
22 Wives, be subject to your husbands as you are to the Lord. 23 For the husband is the head of the wife just as Christ is the head of the church, the body of which he is the Savior. 24 Just as the church is subject to Christ, so also wives ought to be, in everything, to their husbands.
25 Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her, 26 in order to make her holy by cleansing her with the washing of water by the word, 27 so as to present the church to himself in splendor, without a spot or wrinkle or anything of the kind—yes, so that she may be holy and without blemish.
So the book of Revelation uses the city described there as a symbol of the Church and not as a literal city.